android 自定义组合控件 顶部导航栏
在软件开发过程中,经常见到,就是APP 的标题栏样式几乎都是一样的,只是文字不同而已,两边图标不同。为了减少重复代码,提高效率, 方便大家使用,我们把标题栏通过组合的方式定义成一个控件。
例下图:
点击:
如不设置左边,右边图片:
下面说一下具体实现步骤:
步骤一:
导航栏包括:
* 返回按钮
* 标题
* 右侧按钮(功能不确定)
首先是布局文件,如下:
</pre><p></p><pre name="code" class="java"><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_light" tools:context=".MainActivity" > <TextView android:id="@+id/text_title" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:textSize="25sp" android:gravity="center" android:textColor="@android:color/white" android:padding="2dp" /> <ImageView android:id="@+id/back_image" android:layout_width="40dp" android:layout_height="40dp" android:scaleType="centerInside" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:layout_marginLeft="12dp" /> <ImageView android:id="@+id/right_image" android:layout_width="40dp" android:layout_height="40dp" android:scaleType="centerInside" android:layout_alignParentRight="true" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:layout_marginRight="12dp" /> </RelativeLayout>
步骤二:在values下新建 attrs文件 定义控件要用到的属性,如下面的代码所示。这里我们定义了标题栏文字(textText),字体大小(textSize),字体颜色(textColor),左边按钮 (leftBtn ),右边按钮 (rightBtn ) 。(当然你还要以给它添加其它属性如背景)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <declare-styleable name="Topbar"> <attr name="titleText" format="string|reference" /> <attr name="titleSize" format="dimension|reference" /> <attr name="titleColor" format="color|reference" /> <attr name="leftBtn" format="reference"/> <attr name="rightBtn" format=" reference"/> </declare-styleable> </resources>
步骤三:定义类Topbar继承自RelativeLayout,重写构造函数并构造方法中获得我们自定义的属性,具体代码如下。代码中定义了一个TextView显示标题文字,一个Imageview 显示左侧按钮,一个Imageview 显示右侧按钮 ,其他字段对应attrs中声明的属性。
private ImageView backView; private ImageView rightView; private TextView titleView; private String titleTextStr; private int titleTextSize ; private int titleTextColor ; private Drawable leftImage ; private Drawable rightImage ; public TopBarView(Context context){ this(context, null); } public TopBarView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { this(context, attrs,R.style.AppTheme); } public TopBarView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) { super(context, attrs, defStyle); getConfig(context, attrs); initView(context); } /** * 从xml中获取配置信息 */ private void getConfig(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { //TypedArray是一个数组容器用于存放属性值 TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,R.styleable.Topbar); int count = ta.getIndexCount(); for(int i = 0;i<count;i++) { int attr = ta.getIndex(i); switch (attr) { case R.styleable.Topbar_titleText: titleTextStr = ta.getString(R.styleable.Topbar_titleText); break; case R.styleable.Topbar_titleColor: // 默认颜色设置为黑色 titleTextColor = ta.getColor(attr, Color.BLACK); break; case R.styleable.Topbar_titleSize: // 默认设置为16sp,TypeValue也可以把sp转化为px titleTextSize = ta.getDimensionPixelSize(attr, (int) TypedValue.applyDimension( TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_SP, 16, getResources().getDisplayMetrics())); break; case R.styleable.Topbar_leftBtn: leftImage = ta.getDrawable(R.styleable.Topbar_leftBtn); break; case R.styleable.Topbar_rightBtn: rightImage = ta.getDrawable(R.styleable.Topbar_rightBtn); break; } } //用完务必回收容器 ta.recycle(); } private void initView(Context context) { View layout = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.custom_groupwidget, this,true); backView = (ImageView) layout.findViewById(R.id.back_image); titleView = (TextView) layout.findViewById(R.id.text_title); rightView = (ImageView) layout.findViewById(R.id.right_image); backView.setOnClickListener(this); rightView.setOnClickListener(this); if(null != leftImage) backView.setImageDrawable(leftImage); if(null != rightImage) rightView.setImageDrawable(rightImage); if(null != titleTextStr) { titleView.setText(titleTextStr); titleView.setTextSize(titleTextSize); titleView.setTextColor(titleTextColor); } }
步骤四:定义了一个OnClickListenner来监听ImageView的点击
private onTitleBarClickListener onMyClickListener; /** * 设置按钮点击监听接口 * @param callback */ public void setClickListener(onTitleBarClickListener listener) { this.onMyClickListener = listener; } /** * 导航栏点击监听接口 */ public static interface onTitleBarClickListener{ /** * 点击返回按钮回调 */ void onBackClick(); void onRightClick(); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { int id = v.getId(); switch(id) { case R.id.back_image: if(null != onMyClickListener) onMyClickListener.onBackClick(); break; case R.id.right_image: if(null != onMyClickListener) onMyClickListener.onRightClick(); break; } }
步骤五: 再看一下主布局怎样使用自定义控件:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" xmlns:custom="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.example.customgroupwidget" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".MainActivity" > <com.example.customgroupwidget.TopBarView android:id="@+id/topbar" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" custom:titleText="我的消息" custom:titleSize="15sp" custom:titleColor="@android:color/white" custom:leftBtn="@drawable/back_page" custom:rightBtn="@drawable/edit_normal" /> </RelativeLayout>
步骤六:最后看一下Activity中的调用:
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements onTitleBarClickListener { private TopBarView topbar; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); topbar = (TopBarView)findViewById(R.id.topbar); topbar.setClickListener(this); } @Override public void onBackClick() { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "你点击了左侧按钮", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } @Override public void onRightClick() { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "你点击了右侧按钮", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }
最后普及一下,attrs.xml中的属性的format(类型)说明
1. reference:参考某一资源ID。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "名称">
<attr name = "background" format = "reference" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<ImageView
android:layout_width = "42dip"
android:layout_height = "42dip"
android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"
/>
2. color:颜色值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "名称">
<attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<TextView
android:layout_width = "42dip"
android:layout_height = "42dip"
android:textColor = "#00FF00"
/>
3. boolean:布尔值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "名称">
<attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<Button
android:layout_width = "42dip"
android:layout_height = "42dip"
android:focusable = "true"
/>
4. dimension:尺寸值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "名称">
<attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<Button
android:layout_width = "42dip"
android:layout_height = "42dip"
/>
5. float:浮点值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">
<attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />
<attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<alpha
android:fromAlpha = "1.0"
android:toAlpha = "0.7"
/>
6. integer:整型值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">
<attr name = "visible" />
<attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />
<attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />
<attr name = "pivotX" />
<attr name = "pivotY" />
<attr name = "drawable" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<animated-rotate
xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID"
android:pivotX = "50%"
android:pivotY = "50%"
android:framesCount = "12"
android:frameDuration = "100"
/>
7. string:字符串。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "MapView">
<attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<com.google.android.maps.MapView
android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g"
/>
8. fraction:百分数。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">
<attr name = "visible" />
<attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />
<attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />
<attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />
<attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />
<attr name = "drawable" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<rotate
xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"
android:fromDegrees = "0"
android:toDegrees = "360"
android:pivotX = "200%"
android:pivotY = "300%"
android:duration = "5000"
android:repeatMode = "restart"
android:repeatCount = "infinite"
/>
9. enum:枚举值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name="名称">
<attr name="orientation">
<enum name="horizontal" value="0" />
<enum name="vertical" value="1" />
</attr>
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation = "vertical"
android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
>
</LinearLayout>
10. flag:位或运算。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name="名称">
<attr name="windowSoftInputMode">
<flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />
<flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />
<flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />
<flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />
<flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />
<flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />
<flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />
<flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />
<flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />
<flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />
</attr>
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<activity
android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"
android:label = "@string/app_name"
android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged | stateHidden">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
特别要注意:
属性定义时可以指定多种类型值。
(1)属性定义:
<declare-styleable name = "名称">
<attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />
</declare-styleable>
(2)属性使用:
<ImageView
android:layout_width = "42dip"
android:layout_height = "42dip"
android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00"
/>