python_的面向对象编程
废话不多说,先弄个对象来看看
class Student(object): def __init__(self, name, score): self.name = name self.score = score def print_score(self): print('name: %s score : %s' %(self.name, self.score)) #赋值 shb = Student('shb', 99) #调用对象的方法 shb.print_score() 打印: name: shb score : 99
私有属性,在属性名称前加上2个下划线__,只有内部可以访问,外部不能访问;
#面向对象编程 class Student(object): def __init__(self, name, score): self.__name = name self.score = score def print_score(self): print('name: %s score : %s' %(self.__name, self.score)) #赋值 shb = Student('shb', 99) #调用对象的方法 shb._name 打印: AttributeError: 'Student' object has no attribute '_name'
那如果变量变成私有的了,如何访问和设置类中的属性呢 - 通过set 和 get 方法
#面向对象编程 class Student(object): def __init__(self, name, score): self.__name = name self.__score = score def set_score(self, score): self.__score = score def set_name(self, name): self.__name = name def get_name(self): return self.__name def get_score(self): return self.__score def print_score(self): print('name: %s score : %s' %(self.__name, self.__score)) #赋值 shb = Student('shb', 27) #重新设置score值 shb.set_score(299) print(shb.get_name(), shb.get_score()) 打印: shb 299
获取对象属性的类型函数: type()
获取对象的所有属性的类型函数: type()
#面向对象编程 class Student(object): def __init__(self, name, score): self.__name = name self.__score = score def set_score(self, score): self.__score = score def set_name(self, name): self.__name = name def get_name(self): return self.__name def get_score(self): return self.__score def print_score(self): print('name: %s score : %s' %(self.__name, self.__score)) #赋值 shb = Student('shb', 27) #重新设置score值 shb.set_score(299) print(shb.get_name(), shb.get_score(), type(shb.get_score()),'\n', dir(shb)) 打印: #面向对象编程 class Student(object): def __init__(self, name, score): self.__name = name self.__score = score def set_score(self, score): self.__score = score def set_name(self, name): self.__name = name def get_name(self): return self.__name def get_score(self): return self.__score def print_score(self): print('name: %s score : %s' %(self.__name, self.__score)) #赋值 shb = Student('shb', 27) #重新设置score值 shb.set_score(299) print(shb.get_name(), shb.get_score(), type(shb.get_score()),'\n', dir(shb))
这不是开往幼儿园的车~