用django框架做自己的blog
说明：我的系统环境是ubuntu 14.10版本的，整理这篇博客，主要是自己记性太不好了，老忘东西，教训一下自己。哈哈
参考文章
createing blog
django framework application
安装django及博客相关包
apt-get install python-django -y #django version 1.7
pip install markdown pygments django-pagedown
create project
mkdir /var/www/django_project #放用django框架开发的各类应用项目
cat create_django_object.sh # 创建项目及应用脚本
#!/bin/bash
dir=/var/www/django_project
cd $dir
django-admin.py startproject $1
cd $dir/$1
python manage.py startapp $2
＃使用方法如下，传两个参数： 项目名称 应用名称
./create_django_object.sh mydjblog blog
配置项目wqkblog setting.py 如下：
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
#'south',
'linaro_django_pagination', #分页用
'blog',
'pagedown',
)
# 处理模板的功能
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.core.context_processors.debug',
'django.core.context_processors.i18n',
'django.core.context_processors.media',
'django.core.context_processors.static',
'django.core.context_processors.tz',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
"django.core.context_processors.request"
)
# 连接数据库
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
}
}
# 设置语言
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-cn'
# 时区
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
静态文件及模板目录配置
# 静态文件目录
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),
)
# 模版文件目录
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "templates"),
)
# 设置首页显的博客数量
PAGINATION_DEFAULT_PAGINATION = 3
# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
)
create the models 给自己的应用创建models
说明：以python面向对象的思想将数据库表创建为类，类内部变量为字段名
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
class Category(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(u'文章分类', max_length=64)
class Meta:
ordering = ['-id']
def __unicode__(self):
return self.name
@models.permalink
def get_absolute_url(self):
return ('category', (), {'pk': self.pk})
class Post(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(u"标题", max_length=128)
author = models.ForeignKey(User)
po_type = models.ForeignKey(Category, verbose_name=u'文章分类', blank=True, null=True)
#content = models.TextField(u'Content (Markdown)')
content = models.TextField(u'Content (Markdown)')
pub_data = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
class Meta:
ordering = ["-id"]
def __unicode__(self):
return self.title
@models.permalink
def get_absolute_url(self):
return ('post', (), {'pk': self.pk})
create blog models to django admin
from django.contrib import admin
from django import forms
from pagedown.widgets import AdminPagedownWidget
from models import Post, Category
class CategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
#prepopulated_fields = {'slug':('name',)}
list_display = ('name',)
search_fields = ('name',)
class PostFrom(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Post
widgets = {
'content':AdminPagedownWidget(),
}
class PostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
form = PostFrom
#prepopulated_fields = {'slug':('title',)}
list_display = ('title','author','po_type','content','pub_data',)
search_fields = ('title','content',)
fieldsets = (
(
None,
{
'fields': ('title', 'author', 'po_type', 'content',)
}
),
)
admin.site.register(Post,PostAdmin)
admin.site.register(Category,CategoryAdmin)
创建数据库表结构
python manage.py syncdb
此过程中会提示输入管理员的用户名及密码，我这里全是root
启动django web服务
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:9000
admin 后台登录添加数据
127.0.0.1:9000/admin
url与views配置编写为并template传值
setings.py同级主url配置
from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from django.contrib import admin
admin.autodiscover()
urlpatterns = patterns('',
url(r'^', include('blog.urls')),
url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
)
blog 应用url配置
from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
urlpatterns = patterns('',
url(r"^$", "blog.views.index", name="index"),
url(r"^post/(?P<pk>\d+)/$", "blog.views.post", name="post"),
url(r'^(?P<id>\d+)/$', 'blog.views.detail', name='detail'),
url(r"^category/(?P<pk>\d+)/$", "blog.views.category", name="category"),
url(r'^tag(?P<tag>\w+)/$', 'blog.views.search_tag', name = 'search_tag'),
url(r'^search/$','blog.views.blog_search', name = 'search'),
)
blog 应用views编写：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, get_list_or_404, get_object_or_404
from django.template import RequestContext
from django.http import Http404
from blog.models import Post, Category
def index(request):
"""blog列表"""
categories = Category.objects.all()
posts = Post.objects.all()
return render_to_response("blog/index.html",
{"posts": posts,
"categories": categories
},
context_instance=RequestContext(request))
def post(request, pk):
"""单篇文章"""
categories = Category.objects.all()
post = get_object_or_404(Post, pk=pk)
return render_to_response("blog/post.html",
{"post": post,
"categories": categories
},
context_instance=RequestContext(request))
def detail(request, id):
try:
post = Post.objects.get(id=str(id))
except Post.DoesNotExist:
raise Http404
return render(request, 'blog/post.html', {'post' : post})
def category(request, pk):
"""相应分类下的文章检索"""
try:
cate = Category.objects.get(pk=pk)
except Category.DoesNotExist: ## 读取分类，如果不存在，则引发错误，并404
raise Http404
posts = cate.post_set.all() ## 获取分类下的所有文章
return render_to_response('blog/index.html', ## 使用首页的文章列表模版，但加入了的一个`is_category`开关
{"posts": posts,
"is_category": True,
"cate_name": cate.name,
"categories": Category.objects.all()},
context_instance=RequestContext(request))
def blog_search(request):
if 's' in request.GET:
s = request.GET['s']
if not s:
return render_to_response('blog/index.html')
else:
post_list = Post.objects.filter(title__icontains = s)
if len(post_list) == 0 :
return render_to_response('blog/archives.html', {'post_list' : post_list,
'error' : True})
else :
return render_to_response('blog/archives.html', {'post_list' : post_list,
'error' : False})
return redirect('/')
def search_tag(request, tag):
print tag,
try:
post_list = Post.objects.filter(po_type__iexact = tag) #contains
except Post.DoesNotExist :
raise Http404
return render_to_response('tag.html', {'post_list' : post_list})
模板处理和样式处理
参考源代码这里
最终结果如下：
