如何在django项目中启动websocket服务

首先下载redis，windows上要下5.0以上的版本，链接为：Releases · tporadowski/redis (github.com)

紧接着python要安装redis，channls以及daphne，asgi_redis

然后在settings中配置

 必须放在第一行，以及channles

WSGI_APPLICATION = "start_up_file_km.wsgi.application"
ASGI_APPLICATION = "start_up_file_km.asgi.application"

CHANNEL_LAYERS = {
    'default': {
        'BACKEND': 'channels_redis.core.RedisChannelLayer',
        'CONFIG': {
            "hosts": [('127.0.0.1', 6379)],
        },
    },
}

配置ASGI

import os
from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "LimsApp.settings.settings")

django_asgi_app = get_asgi_application()
application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
    "http": django_asgi_app,
    "websocket":  AuthMiddlewareStack(
        URLRouter(
            socket_urlpatterns
        )
    ),
})

路由配置

from utils import consumers

# 这个变量是存放websocket的路由
socket_urlpatterns = [
    path('socket/all/', consumers.ChatConsumer.as_asgi()),

]

websocket代码

import json
from channels.generic.websocket import AsyncWebsocketConsumer
class ChatConsumer(AsyncWebsocketConsumer):
    async def connect(self):
        self.room_name = self.scope['url_route']['kwargs']['room_name']
        self.room_group_name = 'chat_%s' % self.room_name

        # Join room group
        await self.channel_layer.group_add(
            self.room_group_name,
            self.channel_name
        )

        await self.accept()

    async def disconnect(self, close_code):
        # Leave room group
        await self.channel_layer.group_discard(
            self.room_group_name,
            self.channel_name
        )

    # Receive message from WebSocket
    async def receive(self, text_data):
        message = dict(json.loads(text_data))

        # Send message to room group
        await self.channel_layer.group_send(
            self.room_group_name,
            {
                'type': 'chat_message',
                'message': message
            }
        )

    # Receive message from room group
    async def chat_message(self, event):
        message = event['message']

        # Send message to WebSocket
        await self.send(text_data=json.dumps({
            'message': message
        }))