这几天老被AutoResetEvent 类 折磨着,今天总算有点眉目了。主要用来进行线程间的通信。
AutoResetEvent 允许线程通过发信号互相通信。通常,此通信涉及线程需要独占访问的资源。
线程通过调用 AutoResetEvent 上的 WaitOne 来等待信号。如果 AutoResetEvent 处于非终止状态,则该线程阻塞,并等待当前控制资源的线程通过调用 Set 发出资源可用的信号。
调用 Set 向 AutoResetEvent 发信号以释放等待线程。AutoResetEvent 将保持终止状态,直到一个正在等待的线程被释放,然后自动返回非终止状态。如果没有任何线程在等待,则状态将无限期地保持为终止状态。
可以通过将一个布尔值传递给构造函数来控制 AutoResetEvent 的初始状态,如果初始状态为终止状态,则为 true;否则为 false。
AutoResetEvent 也可以同 staticWaitAll 和 WaitAny 方法一起使用。
下面的代码示例阐释了如何使用等待句柄来发送复杂数字计算的不同阶段的完成信号。此计算的格式为:result = first term + second term + third term,其中每项都要求使用计算出的基数进行预计算和最终计算。
using System; using System.Threading; class CalculateTest { static void Main() { Calculate calc = new Calculate(); Console.WriteLine("Result = {0}.", calc.Result(234).ToString()); Console.WriteLine("Result = {0}.", calc.Result(55).ToString()); } } class Calculate { double baseNumber, firstTerm, secondTerm, thirdTerm; AutoResetEvent[] autoEvents; ManualResetEvent manualEvent; // Generate random numbers to simulate the actual calculations. Random randomGenerator; public Calculate() { autoEvents = new AutoResetEvent[] { new AutoResetEvent(false), new AutoResetEvent(false), new AutoResetEvent(false) }; manualEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false); } void CalculateBase(object stateInfo) { baseNumber = randomGenerator.NextDouble(); // Signal that baseNumber is ready. manualEvent.Set(); } // The following CalculateX methods all perform the same // series of steps as commented in CalculateFirstTerm. void CalculateFirstTerm(object stateInfo) { // Perform a precalculation. double preCalc = randomGenerator.NextDouble(); // Wait for baseNumber to be calculated. manualEvent.WaitOne(); // Calculate the first term from preCalc and baseNumber. firstTerm = preCalc * baseNumber * randomGenerator.NextDouble(); // Signal that the calculation is finished. autoEvents[0].Set(); } void CalculateSecondTerm(object stateInfo) { double preCalc = randomGenerator.NextDouble(); manualEvent.WaitOne(); secondTerm = preCalc * baseNumber * randomGenerator.NextDouble(); autoEvents[1].Set(); } void CalculateThirdTerm(object stateInfo) { double preCalc = randomGenerator.NextDouble(); manualEvent.WaitOne(); thirdTerm = preCalc * baseNumber * randomGenerator.NextDouble(); autoEvents[2].Set(); } public double Result(int seed) { randomGenerator = new Random(seed); // Simultaneously calculate the terms. ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem( new WaitCallback(CalculateBase)); ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem( new WaitCallback(CalculateFirstTerm)); ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem( new WaitCallback(CalculateSecondTerm)); ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem( new WaitCallback(CalculateThirdTerm)); // Wait for all of the terms to be calculated. WaitHandle.WaitAll(autoEvents); // Reset the wait handle for the next calculation. manualEvent.Reset(); return firstTerm + secondTerm + thirdTerm; } }