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An inexpensive way to implement high-resolution digital-to-analog conversion is to combine microcontroller-PWM (pulse-width-modulated) outputs with pr... 阅读全文
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Digital potentiometers, such asAnalog Devices’ AD5160, make excellent digitally controlled voltage dividers in applications in which 8-bit resolution ... 阅读全文
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Engineering labs are usually equipped with various power supplies, voltmeters, function generators, and oscilloscopes. One piece of equipment missing ... 阅读全文
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You can easily add margining capability—that is, the ability to digitally adjust the output voltage—to a dc/dc converter by making a single connection... 阅读全文
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Most engineers know that they can use an inexpensive, three-terminal adjustable regulator, such asFairchild Semiconductor’s LM317, as an adjustable re... 阅读全文
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Using a PN-junction diode for temperature measurement usually depends on its 2‑mV/K temperature coefficient. Conventionally, you must amplify and digi... 阅读全文
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Driving LEDs at a regulated current from low supply voltages can be difficult because minimal overhead voltage is available for control circuits. A cu... 阅读全文
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Sensors automate most of the processes in industry. Most of these sensors, such as those for ammonia gas, temperature, and the like, are resistive dev... 阅读全文
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Emerging digital ICs for power control lack basic features, such as the built-in gate drive and current limiting, that you would normally find in anal... 阅读全文
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The most common switching-power topology is a buck converter, which efficiently transforms high voltages to low voltages.Figure 1shows a typical buck ... 阅读全文
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A previous Design Idea describes a programmable current source that used a three-terminalNational SemiconductorLM317 adjustable regulator (Reference 1... 阅读全文
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Industrial controls make heavy use of 4- to 20-mA current loops to transmit process measurements because current loops retain information in the prese... 阅读全文
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A variable resistor that integrates a programmable, temperature-indexed look-up table can compensate for the temperature drift of a voltage regulator.... 阅读全文
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The USB (Universal Serial Bus) specification requires a connected USB device to present a load to the host or hub of no greater than 10 µF in parallel... 阅读全文
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Low-cost, 8-bit, single-chip microcontrollers are stingy when it comes to on-chip PWM (pulse-width-modulation) resources. The use of a PWM resource of... 阅读全文
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Many electronic devices require user input for setting the application properties. Typical input devices include pushbuttons, potentiometers, and touc... 阅读全文
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Few microcontrollers include a DAC. Although you can easily find an inexpensive DAC to control from your microcontroller, you can use unused periphera... 阅读全文