both, either, neither的用法

http://www.yywords.com/Article/200806/347.html 

1. 这三个词都用来谈论两者:both 意为“(两者)都”,either意为“(两者中)任意一个”,neither 意为“(两者)都不”。
若要指三者或三者以上,分别用
 all 意为“(三者)都”,any 意为“(三者中)任何一个”,none 意为“(三者)都不”等。

比较:

He has two sons; both of them are clever.
He has two sons; either of them is clever.
He has two sons; neither of them is clever.

He has three sons; all of them are clever.
He has three sons; any of them is clever. 
He has three sons; none of them are clever.

2. 它们既可用作代词,也可用作形容词。
用作形容词时,
both 后接复数名词,而 either  neither 之后要接单数可数名词。如

Both of the brothers are here. / Both brothers are here. 兄弟俩都在这儿。

Either of the books will do. / Either book will do. 两本书中哪一本都行。

Neither of the stories is interesting. /Neither story isinteresting. 两个故事都没有趣。

【注】代词 both, either, neither 用作主语时,
both 之后的谓语动词总是复数,
either  neither 后的谓语动词通常用单数(from www.yywords.com)

3. 这三个词都可用作连词,但搭配和意义各不相同。
总的说来,要注意它们应连接两个平行对等的句子成分
(即同为两个主语、谓语、宾语、状语等)

(1) both……and……表示两者兼有。如:

She was both tired and hungry. 她又累又饿。

He speaks both English and French. 他既说英语又说法语。

(2) either……or……表示两者或两种可能性中任择其一。如:

He must be either mad or drunk. 他不是疯了就是醉了。

You can either write or phone to request a copy. 你可以写信可打电话来索取一本。

(3) neither……nor……表示两者都否定。如:

It’s neither cold nor hot. 天气既不冷也不热(from www.yywords.com)

He neither knows or cares what happened. 他对所发生的事既不知道也不关心。

【注】以上连词连接主语时,both……and……一般只与复数谓语连用,
either……or……和 neither……nor……则通常根据就近原则,
要求谓语动词与最邻近主语的人称、数保持一致。如:

Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错就是我错。

Neither he nor she was at home. 他和她都不在家。

3. 注意下面两个同义句:

两边都有商店。

There are shops on both sides.

There are shops on either side.

两个我都不要(from www.yywords.com)

I want neither of them.

I don’t want either of them.

http://www.jxenglish.com/Article/vocabulary/10153.html

一、either...or... 
 
either...or...意为"或者……或者……;不是……就是……"之意。
表示两者之一,连接句子中两个并列的成分。例如: 
 
When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances. 
那个女孩高兴时,不是唱就是跳。
(此句中either...or...连接两个动词,因为主语是单数第三人称,谓语动词要用其相应的形式。) 
 
either...or...连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致,
这就是我们通常说的"就近原则"。例如: 
Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。 
 
注意:如果把上句变成一般疑问句,助动词形式与主语you保持一致,所以要用are提问,而不是am。例如: 
Are either you or I going there tomorrow? 明天是你还是我去那里? 
 
Either you or he has lunch at school. 其一般疑问句应为:
Do either you or he have lunch at school? 是你还是他在学校吃午饭? 
 
若要对either...or...句型进行否定时,
只需把either...or...换成neither...nor...即可。例如: 
 
Either you or she is good at drawing. 变为否定句应为:
Neither you nor she is good at drawing. 你和她都不擅长绘画。 
 
我们还可以单独使用either,其意为"两者中的任何一个"。例如: 
 
There are many shops on either side of the street. 街道两边有许多商店。
或:There are many shops on both sides of the street. 在街道两边有许多商店。 
 
either用在否定句的句末,表示"也"的意思。例如: 
 
If you don't go there. I won't, either. 如果你不去那里,我也不去。 
 
二、neither...nor... 
 
neither...nor...表示"既不……也不……"。
其含义是否定的,可连接任意两个并列的成份。例如: 
 
She likes neither butter nor cheese. 
她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。
此句中neither...nor...连接两个宾语。
当neither...nor...连接两个主语时,也应遵循"就近原则"。例如: 
Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。 
 
若将neither...nor...句型变为肯定句,
只需把neither...nor...改为both...and...即可,
同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。例如: 
 
Both dad and mum are at home today. 今天父母都在家。 
 
还可以单独使用neither作主语,表示"两者中没有一个"。例如:  
Neither of them likes football. 他们俩都不喜欢足球。 
 
neither或nor还有另外一种用法,就是当表达一个人没有做某事,
另一个人也没做同一类事时,可用neither或nor进行简略回答,
其结构为:Neither / Nor+助动词 / 情态动词 / be动词+主语。例如: 
 
He doesn\'t go to school by bike. Neither / Nor do I.
他不是骑自行车上学,我也不是。 
 
They didn\'t go to the park yesterday. Neither / Nor did we.
昨天他们没去公园,我们也没去。
 
[更多例句]

either you come in person ,or you entrust someone with the matter 
你要么自己来,要么就托人办理这件事 
in a position like this one can neither stand up nor lie down 
处在这样的位置,一个人既不能站直,也不能躺倒 
 
You can come either on Monday or Sunday。 
You can speak either English or hinese 
Either you are mad, or I am (要么你疯了,要么我疯了 
 
I can neither speak nor write French 
=Neither can I speak French nor can I write it 
 
You can come either on Monday or on Tuesday.
you or I am going swimming tomorrow. 
I can neither read nor write=I can't read or write.
 
It is neither hot nor cold in winter here. 这里冬天既不热也不冷。
 There is neither river nor stream nearby. 附近既无河流也没小溪。 
He does not do it, nor does he try. 他没有做, 也没尝试一下。 
She can't get there at four, nor can I. 她不能在四点钟到那里, 我也不能。  
He doesn't like sports, nor do I .

 

posted @ 2013-06-29 23:48  IAmAProgrammer  阅读(3206)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报