.net core使用rabbitmq消息队列

　　看博文的朋友，本文有些过时了，还有些BUG，如果想了解更多用法，看看这篇吧：.net core使用rabbitmq消息队列 (二)

　　

　　首先，如果你还没有安装好rabbitmq，可以参考我的博客：

　　Ubuntu16.04下，erlang安装和rabbitmq安装步骤

　　Ubuntu16.04下，rabbimq集群搭建

　　另外，我的另外一篇博客有介绍rabbitmq的基础用法以及使用C#操作rabbitmq，并且对rabbitmq有一个简单的封装，这里使用.net core操作rabbitmq也会使用到这些封装类，所以感兴趣的可以看看：

　　C# .net 环境下使用rabbitmq消息队列

　　好了现在开始我们的正文

　　Rabbitmq一般使用

　　说明一下，这里我们使用的是.net core 2.1

　　我们先创建一个RabbitMQDemo项目（我创建的是MVC项目），然后使用nuget安装RabbitMQ.Client：

　　

 　　将上面封装的rabbitmq操作类添加到项目中：　　　

　　

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
    public class QueueOptions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 是否持久化
        /// </summary>
        public bool Durable { get; set; } = true;
        /// <summary>
        /// 是否自动删除
        /// </summary>
        public bool AutoDelete { get; set; } = false;
        /// <summary>
        /// 参数
        /// </summary>
        public IDictionary<string, object> Arguments { get; set; } = new Dictionary<string, object>();
    }
    public class ConsumeQueueOptions : QueueOptions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 是否自动提交
        /// </summary>
        public bool AutoAck { get; set; } = false;
        /// <summary>
        /// 每次发送消息条数
        /// </summary>
        public ushort? FetchCount { get; set; }
    }
    public class ExchangeConsumeQueueOptions : ConsumeQueueOptions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 路由值
        /// </summary>
        public string[] RoutingKeys { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 参数
        /// </summary>
        public IDictionary<string, object> BindArguments { get; set; } = new Dictionary<string, object>();
    }
    public class ExchangeQueueOptions : QueueOptions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 交换机类型
        /// </summary>
        public string Type { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 队列及路由值
        /// </summary>
        public (string, string)[] QueueAndRoutingKey { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 参数
        /// </summary>
        public IDictionary<string, object> BindArguments { get; set; } = new Dictionary<string, object>();
    }
}

　　

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
    public static class RabbitMQExchangeType
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 普通模式
        /// </summary>
        public const string Common = "";
        /// <summary>
        /// 路由模式
        /// </summary>
        public const string Direct = "direct";
        /// <summary>
        /// 发布/订阅模式
        /// </summary>
        public const string Fanout = "fanout";
        /// <summary>
        /// 匹配订阅模式
        /// </summary>
        public const string Topic = "topic";
    }
}

　　

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
    public abstract class RabbitBase : IDisposable
    {
        List<AmqpTcpEndpoint> amqpList;
        IConnection connection;

        protected RabbitBase(params string[] hosts)
        {
            if (hosts == null || hosts.Length == 0)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("invalid hosts！", nameof(hosts));
            }

            this.amqpList = new List<AmqpTcpEndpoint>();
            this.amqpList.AddRange(hosts.Select(host => new AmqpTcpEndpoint(host, Port)));
        }
        protected RabbitBase(params (string, int)[] hostAndPorts)
        {
            if (hostAndPorts == null || hostAndPorts.Length == 0)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("invalid hosts！", nameof(hostAndPorts));
            }

            this.amqpList = new List<AmqpTcpEndpoint>();
            this.amqpList.AddRange(hostAndPorts.Select(tuple => new AmqpTcpEndpoint(tuple.Item1, tuple.Item2)));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 端口
        /// </summary>
        public int Port { get; set; } = 5672;
        /// <summary>
        /// 账号
        /// </summary>
        public string UserName { get; set; } = ConnectionFactory.DefaultUser;
        /// <summary>
        /// 密码
        /// </summary>
        public string Password { get; set; } = ConnectionFactory.DefaultPass;
        /// <summary>
        /// 虚拟机
        /// </summary>
        public string VirtualHost { get; set; } = ConnectionFactory.DefaultVHost;

        /// <summary>
        /// 释放
        /// </summary>
        public virtual void Dispose()
        {
            //connection?.Close();
            //connection?.Dispose();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 关闭连接
        /// </summary>
        public void Close()
        {
            connection?.Close();
            connection?.Dispose();
        }

        #region Private
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取rabbitmq的连接
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        protected IModel GetChannel()
        {
            if (connection == null)
            {
                lock (this)
                {
                    if (connection == null)
                    {
                        var factory = new ConnectionFactory();
                        factory.Port = Port;
                        factory.UserName = UserName;
                        factory.VirtualHost = VirtualHost;
                        factory.Password = Password;
                        connection = factory.CreateConnection(this.amqpList);
                    }
                }
            }
            return connection.CreateModel();
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

　　

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
    public class RabbitMQProducer : RabbitBase
    {
        public RabbitMQProducer(params string[] hosts) : base(hosts)
        {

        }
        public RabbitMQProducer(params (string, int)[] hostAndPorts) : base(hostAndPorts)
        {

        }

        #region 普通模式、Work模式
        /// <summary>
        /// 发布消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="queue"></param>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <param name="options"></param>
        public void Publish(string queue, string message, QueueOptions options = null)
        {
            options = options ?? new QueueOptions();
            var channel = GetChannel();
            channel.QueueDeclare(queue, options.Durable, false, options.AutoDelete, options.Arguments ?? new Dictionary<string, object>());
            var buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);
            channel.BasicPublish("", queue, null, buffer);
            channel.Close();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 发布消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="queue"></param>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <param name="configure"></param>
        public void Publish(string queue, string message, Action<QueueOptions> configure)
        {
            QueueOptions options = new QueueOptions();
            configure?.Invoke(options);
            Publish(queue, message, options);
        }
        #endregion
        #region 订阅模式、路由模式、Topic模式
        /// <summary>
        /// 发布消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="exchange"></param>
        /// <param name="routingKey"></param>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <param name="options"></param>
        public void Publish(string exchange, string routingKey, string message, ExchangeQueueOptions options = null)
        {
            options = options ?? new ExchangeQueueOptions();
            var channel = GetChannel();
            channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange, string.IsNullOrEmpty(options.Type) ? RabbitMQExchangeType.Fanout : options.Type, options.Durable, options.AutoDelete, options.Arguments ?? new Dictionary<string, object>());
            if (options.QueueAndRoutingKey != null)
            {
                foreach (var t in options.QueueAndRoutingKey)
                {
                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(t.Item1))
                    {
                        channel.QueueBind(t.Item1, exchange, t.Item2 ?? "", options.BindArguments ?? new Dictionary<string, object>());
                    }
                }
            }
            var buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);
            channel.BasicPublish(exchange, routingKey, null, buffer);
            channel.Close();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 发布消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="exchange"></param>
        /// <param name="routingKey"></param>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <param name="configure"></param>
        public void Publish(string exchange, string routingKey, string message, Action<ExchangeQueueOptions> configure)
        {
            ExchangeQueueOptions options = new ExchangeQueueOptions();
            configure?.Invoke(options);
            Publish(exchange, routingKey, message, options);
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

　　

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
    public class RabbitMQConsumer : RabbitBase
    {
        public RabbitMQConsumer(params string[] hosts) : base(hosts)
        {

        }
        public RabbitMQConsumer(params (string, int)[] hostAndPorts) : base(hostAndPorts)
        {

        }

        public event Action<RecieveResult> Received;

        /// <summary>
        /// 构造消费者
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="channel"></param>
        /// <param name="options"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private IBasicConsumer ConsumeInternal(IModel channel, ConsumeQueueOptions options)
        {
            EventingBasicConsumer consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
            consumer.Received += (sender, e) =>
            {
                try
                {
                    CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
                    if (!options.AutoAck)
                    {
                        cancellationTokenSource.Token.Register(() =>
                        {
                            channel.BasicAck(e.DeliveryTag, false);
                        });
                    }
                    Received?.Invoke(new RecieveResult(e, cancellationTokenSource));
                }
                catch { }
            };
            if (options.FetchCount != null)
            {
                channel.BasicQos(0, options.FetchCount.Value, false);
            }
            return consumer;
        }

        #region 普通模式、Work模式
        /// <summary>
        /// 消费消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="queue"></param>
        /// <param name="options"></param>
        public ListenResult Listen(string queue, ConsumeQueueOptions options = null)
        {
            options = options ?? new ConsumeQueueOptions();
            var channel = GetChannel();
            channel.QueueDeclare(queue, options.Durable, false, options.AutoDelete, options.Arguments ?? new Dictionary<string, object>());
            var consumer = ConsumeInternal(channel, options);
            channel.BasicConsume(queue, options.AutoAck, consumer);
            ListenResult result = new ListenResult();
            result.Token.Register(() =>
            {
                try
                {
                    channel.Close();
                    channel.Dispose();
                }
                catch { }
            });
            return result;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 消费消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="queue"></param>
        /// <param name="configure"></param>
        public ListenResult Listen(string queue, Action<ConsumeQueueOptions> configure)
        {
            ConsumeQueueOptions options = new ConsumeQueueOptions();
            configure?.Invoke(options);
            return Listen(queue, options);
        }
        #endregion
        #region 订阅模式、路由模式、Topic模式
        /// <summary>
        /// 消费消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="exchange"></param>
        /// <param name="queue"></param>
        /// <param name="options"></param>
        public ListenResult Listen(string exchange, string queue, ExchangeConsumeQueueOptions options = null)
        {
            options = options ?? new ExchangeConsumeQueueOptions();
            var channel = GetChannel();
            channel.QueueDeclare(queue, options.Durable, false, options.AutoDelete, options.Arguments ?? new Dictionary<string, object>());
            if (options.RoutingKeys != null && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(exchange))
            {
                foreach (var key in options.RoutingKeys)
                {
                    channel.QueueBind(queue, exchange, key, options.BindArguments);
                }
            }
            var consumer = ConsumeInternal(channel, options);
            channel.BasicConsume(queue, options.AutoAck, consumer);
            ListenResult result = new ListenResult();
            result.Token.Register(() =>
            {
                try
                {
                    channel.Close();
                    channel.Dispose();
                }
                catch { }
            });
            return result;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 消费消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="exchange"></param>
        /// <param name="queue"></param>
        /// <param name="configure"></param>
        public ListenResult Listen(string exchange, string queue, Action<ExchangeConsumeQueueOptions> configure)
        {
            ExchangeConsumeQueueOptions options = new ExchangeConsumeQueueOptions();
            configure?.Invoke(options);
            return Listen(exchange, queue, options);
        }
        #endregion
    }
    public class RecieveResult
    {
        CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource;
        public RecieveResult(BasicDeliverEventArgs arg, CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource)
        {
            this.Body = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(arg.Body);
            this.ConsumerTag = arg.ConsumerTag;
            this.DeliveryTag = arg.DeliveryTag;
            this.Exchange = arg.Exchange;
            this.Redelivered = arg.Redelivered;
            this.RoutingKey = arg.RoutingKey;
            this.cancellationTokenSource = cancellationTokenSource;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 消息体
        /// </summary>
        public string Body { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 消费者标签
        /// </summary>
        public string ConsumerTag { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// Ack标签
        /// </summary>
        public ulong DeliveryTag { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 交换机
        /// </summary>
        public string Exchange { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 是否Ack
        /// </summary>
        public bool Redelivered { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 路由
        /// </summary>
        public string RoutingKey { get; private set; }

        public void Commit()
        {
            if (cancellationTokenSource == null || cancellationTokenSource.IsCancellationRequested) return;

            cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
            cancellationTokenSource.Dispose();
            cancellationTokenSource = null;
        }
    }
    public class ListenResult
    {
        CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource;

        /// <summary>
        /// CancellationToken
        /// </summary>
        public CancellationToken Token { get { return cancellationTokenSource.Token; } }
        /// <summary>
        /// 是否已停止
        /// </summary>
        public bool Stoped { get { return cancellationTokenSource.IsCancellationRequested; } }

        public ListenResult()
        {
            cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 停止监听
        /// </summary>
        public void Stop()
        {
            cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
        }
    }
}

　　修改Startup，在ConfigureServices中将rabbitmq的生产类RabbitMQProducer加入到DI容器中：　　　

　　//将rabbitmq的生产类加入到DI容器中
　　var producer = new RabbitMQProducer("192.168.187.129");
　　producer.Password = "123456";
　　producer.UserName = "admin";
　　services.AddSingleton(producer);//这里我没有使用集群

 　　至于消息的消费，我们可以将消费者使用一个线程启动并监听，但是这里我个人推荐使用.net core 自带的HostedService去实现，至于消费者的功能，我们就简单的将消息记录都文本文档中，类似日志记录。

　　我们创建一个RabbitHostedService类：　　　

　　

using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.IO;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
    public class RabbitHostedService : IHostedService
    {
        RabbitMQConsumer consumer;

        public RabbitHostedService()
        {
            consumer = new RabbitMQConsumer("192.168.187.129");
            consumer.Password = "123456";
            consumer.UserName = "admin";
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 服务启动
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            await Task.Run(() =>
            {
                consumer.Received += new Action<RecieveResult>(result =>
                {
                    //文件路径
                    string path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "logs");
                    if (!Directory.Exists(path))
                    {
                        Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
                    }

                    //文件
                    string fileName = Path.Combine(path, $"{DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd")}.log");
                    string message = $"{DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")}接收到消息：{result.Body}{Environment.NewLine}";
                    File.AppendAllText(fileName, message);

                    //提交
                    result.Commit();
                });
                
                consumer.Listen("queue1", options =>
                {
                    options.AutoAck = false;
                    options.Arguments = new Dictionary<string, object>() { { "x-queue-type", "classic" } };
                    options.AutoDelete = false;
                    options.Durable = true;
                });
            });
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 服务停止
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            var task = Task.Run(() =>
            {
                consumer.Close();
            });

            await Task.WhenAny(task, Task.Delay(-1, cancellationToken));
            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
        }
    }
}

　　同时，我们需要在Startup中将RabbitHostedService注入到容器中：　　

  //注入消费者
  services.AddSingleton<IHostedService, RabbitHostedService>();

　　得到Startup的代码如下：　　

　　

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpsPolicy;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.Configure<CookiePolicyOptions>(options =>
            {
                // This lambda determines whether user consent for non-essential cookies is needed for a given request.
                options.CheckConsentNeeded = context => true;
                options.MinimumSameSitePolicy = SameSiteMode.None;
            });

            //将rabbitmq的生产类加入到DI容器中
            var producer = new RabbitMQProducer("192.168.187.129");
            producer.Password = "123456";
            producer.UserName = "admin";
            services.AddSingleton(producer);//这里我没有使用集群
            //注入消费者
            services.AddSingleton<IHostedService, RabbitHostedService>();

            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            else
            {
                app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
                app.UseHsts();
            }

            app.UseHttpsRedirection();
            app.UseStaticFiles();
            app.UseCookiePolicy();

            app.UseMvc(routes =>
            {
                routes.MapRoute(
                    name: "default",
                    template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
            });
        }
    }
}

　　到这里，.net core 集成rabbitmq就写好了，然后就是发送消息使用了，我们添加一个名为RabbitController的控制器，里面代码如下：　　　

　　

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using RabbitMQDemo.Models;

namespace RabbitMQDemo.Controllers
{
    public class RabbitController : Controller
    {
        RabbitMQProducer producer;
        public RabbitController(RabbitMQProducer producer)
        {
            this.producer = producer;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 首页
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 消息提交
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public IActionResult Submit(string message)
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(message))
            {
                //发送消息
                producer.Publish("queue1", message, options =>
                {
                    options.Arguments = new Dictionary<string, object>() { { "x-queue-type", "classic" } };
                    options.AutoDelete = false;
                    options.Durable = true;
                });
            }
            return View("Index");
        }
    }
}

 　　RabbitController里面有两个Action，它们返回同一个视图：　　　　

　　

@{
    Layout = null;
}

@using (Html.BeginForm("Submit", "Rabbit"))
{
    @Html.DisplayName("消息：");
    <br />
    @Html.TextArea("message", new { @class = "multieditbox" })
    <br />
    <input type="submit" class="buttoncss" value="确定" />
}
<style type="text/css">
    .buttoncss {
        font-family: "tahoma", "宋体"; /*www.52css.com*/
        font-size: 9pt;
        color: #003399;
        border: 1px #003399 solid;
        color: #006699;
        border-bottom: #93bee2 1px solid;
        border-left: #93bee2 1px solid;
        border-right: #93bee2 1px solid;
        border-top: #93bee2 1px solid;
        background-image: url(../images/bluebuttonbg.gif);
        background-color: #e8f4ff;
        font-style: normal;
        width: 60px;
        height: 22px;
    }

    .multieditbox {
        background: #f8f8f8;
        border-bottom: #b7b7b7 1px solid;
        border-left: #b7b7b7 1px solid;
        border-right: #b7b7b7 1px solid;
        border-top: #b7b7b7 1px solid;
        color: #000000;
        cursor: text;
        font-family: "arial";
        font-size: 9pt;
        padding: 1px; /*www.52css.com*/
        width: 200px;
        height: 80px;
    }
</style>

　　现在可以启动项目，输入http://localhost:5000/Rabbit就可以进入页面测试了：

　　

  　　点击上面确定之后，你会发现在项目根目录下生成了一个logs目录，里面有一个文件，文件里面就是我们发送的消息了

　　  注：如果报错，可以登录rabbitmq后台查看账号虚拟机权限是否存在

　　

 

 　　Rabbitmq日志记录

　　上面是我们使用.net core集成rabbitmq的一种简单方式，但是不建议在开发时这么使用

　　可以注意到，上面的例子我直接将RabbitMQProducer注入到容器中，但开发时应该按自己的需求对RabbitMQProducer做一层封装，然后将封装类注入到容器中，比如我们要使用rabbitmq做日志记录，可以记录到数据库，也可以记录到文件中去，但是.net core为我们提供了一整套的日志记录功能，因此我们只需要将rabbitmq集成进去就可以了

　　首先，我们需要创建几个类，将rabbitmq继承到日志记录功能中去：　　

　　

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
    public abstract class RabbitMQOptions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 服务节点
        /// </summary>
        public string[] Hosts { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 端口
        /// </summary>
        public int Port { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 账号
        /// </summary>
        public string UserName { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 密码
        /// </summary>
        public string Password { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 虚拟机
        /// </summary>
        public string VirtualHost { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 是否持久化
        /// </summary>
        public bool Durable { get; set; } = true;
        /// <summary>
        /// 是否自动删除
        /// </summary>
        public bool AutoDelete { get; set; } = false;
        /// <summary>
        /// 队列
        /// </summary>
        public string Queue { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 交换机
        /// </summary>
        public string Exchange { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 交换机类型，放空则为普通模式
        /// </summary>
        public string Type { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 参数
        /// </summary>
        public IDictionary<string, object> Arguments { get; set; } = new Dictionary<string, object>();
    }
    public class RabbitMQLoggerOptions : RabbitMQOptions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 最低日志记录
        /// </summary>
        public LogLevel MinLevel { get; set; } = LogLevel.Information;
        /// <summary>
        /// 分类
        /// </summary>
        public string Category { get; set; } = "Rabbit";
    }
    public class RabbitMQConsumerOptions : RabbitMQOptions
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 是否自动提交
        /// </summary>
        public bool AutoAck { get; set; } = false;
        /// <summary>
        /// 每次发送消息条数
        /// </summary>
        public ushort? FetchCount { get; set; }
    }
}

　　

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
    public class RabbitLoggerProvider : ILoggerProvider
    {
        RabbitMQLoggerOptions loggerOptions;

        public RabbitLoggerProvider(IOptionsMonitor<RabbitMQLoggerOptions> options)
        {
            loggerOptions = options.CurrentValue;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 创建Logger对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="categoryName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public ILogger CreateLogger(string categoryName)
        {
            //可缓存实例，这里略过了
            return new RabbitLogger(categoryName, loggerOptions);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 释放
        /// </summary>
        public void Dispose()
        {
            
        }
    }
}

　　

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
    public class RabbitLogger : ILogger, IDisposable
    {
        string category;
        RabbitMQLoggerOptions loggerOptions;
        RabbitMQProducer producer;

        public RabbitLogger(string category, RabbitMQLoggerOptions options)
        {
            this.category = category;
            this.loggerOptions = options;

            producer = new RabbitMQProducer(options.Hosts);
            producer.Password = options.Password;
            producer.UserName = options.UserName;
            producer.Port = options.Port;
            producer.VirtualHost = options.VirtualHost;
        }

        public IDisposable BeginScope<TState>(TState state)
        {
            return this;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 释放
        /// </summary>
        public void Dispose()
        {
            GC.Collect();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 是否记录日志
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="logLevel"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool IsEnabled(LogLevel logLevel)
        {
            //只记录日志等级大于指定最小等级且属于Rabbit分类的日志
            return logLevel >= loggerOptions.MinLevel && category.Contains(loggerOptions.Category, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 日志记录
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TState"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="logLevel"></param>
        /// <param name="eventId"></param>
        /// <param name="state"></param>
        /// <param name="exception"></param>
        /// <param name="formatter"></param>
        public void Log<TState>(LogLevel logLevel, EventId eventId, TState state, Exception exception, Func<TState, Exception, string> formatter)
        {
            if (IsEnabled(logLevel))
            {
                string message = "";
                if (state != null)
                {
                    message = state.ToString();
                }
                if (exception != null)
                {
                    message += Environment.NewLine + formatter?.Invoke(state, exception);
                }
                //发送消息
                producer.Publish(loggerOptions.Queue, message, options =>
                {
                    options.Arguments = loggerOptions.Arguments;
                    options.AutoDelete = loggerOptions.AutoDelete;
                    options.Durable = loggerOptions.Durable;
                });
            }
        }
    }
}

　　接着，我们修改Startup的服务对象：　　

　　

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpsPolicy;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.Configure<CookiePolicyOptions>(options =>
            {
                // This lambda determines whether user consent for non-essential cookies is needed for a given request.
                options.CheckConsentNeeded = context => true;
                options.MinimumSameSitePolicy = SameSiteMode.None;
            });

            //配置消息发布
            services.Configure<RabbitMQLoggerOptions>(options =>
            {
                options.Category = "Rabbit";
                options.Hosts = new string[] { "192.168.187.129" };
                options.MinLevel = Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.LogLevel.Information;
                options.Password = "123456";
                options.Port = 5672;
                options.Queue = "queue1";
                options.UserName = "admin";
                options.VirtualHost = "/";
                options.Arguments = new Dictionary<string, object>() { { "x-queue-type", "classic" } };
                options.AutoDelete = false;
                options.Durable = true;
            });
            //将RabbitLoggerProvider加入到容器中
            services.AddSingleton<ILoggerProvider, RabbitLoggerProvider>(); 

            //配置消息消费
            services.Configure<RabbitMQConsumerOptions>(options =>
            {
                options.Hosts = new string[] { "192.168.187.129" };
                options.Password = "123456";
                options.Port = 5672;
                options.Queue = "queue1";
                options.UserName = "admin";
                options.VirtualHost = "/";
                options.Arguments = new Dictionary<string, object>() { { "x-queue-type", "classic" } };
                options.AutoDelete = false;
                options.Durable = true;
                options.AutoAck = false;
            });
            //注入消费者
            services.AddSingleton<IHostedService, RabbitHostedService>();

            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            else
            {
                app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
                app.UseHsts();
            }

            app.UseHttpsRedirection();
            app.UseStaticFiles();
            app.UseCookiePolicy();

            app.UseMvc(routes =>
            {
                routes.MapRoute(
                    name: "default",
                    template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
            });
        }
    }
}

　　顺带提一下，这个Startup中服务最好使用拓展方法去实现，这里我是为了简单没有采用拓展方法，所以在开发时多注意一下吧

　　另外，我们也可以调整一下RabbitHostedService：　　

　　

using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;

namespace RabbitMQDemo
{
    public class RabbitHostedService : IHostedService
    {
        RabbitMQConsumerOptions consumerOptions;
        RabbitMQConsumer consumer;

        public RabbitHostedService(IOptions<RabbitMQConsumerOptions> options)
        {
            consumerOptions = options.Value;

            consumer = new RabbitMQConsumer(consumerOptions.Hosts);
            consumer.Password = consumerOptions.Password;
            consumer.UserName = consumerOptions.UserName;
            consumer.VirtualHost = consumerOptions.VirtualHost;
            consumer.Port = consumerOptions.Port;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 服务启动
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            await Task.Run(() =>
            {
                consumer.Received += new Action<RecieveResult>(result =>
                {
                    //文件路径
                    string path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "logs");
                    if (!Directory.Exists(path))
                    {
                        Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
                    }

                    //文件
                    string fileName = Path.Combine(path, $"{DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd")}.log");
                    string message = $"{DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")}接收到消息：{result.Body}{Environment.NewLine}";
                    File.AppendAllText(fileName, message);

                    //提交
                    result.Commit();
                });
                
                consumer.Listen(consumerOptions.Queue, options =>
                {
                    options.AutoAck = consumerOptions.AutoAck;
                    options.Arguments = consumerOptions.Arguments;
                    options.AutoDelete = consumerOptions.AutoDelete;
                    options.Durable = consumerOptions.Durable;
                });
            });
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 服务停止
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            var task = Task.Run(() =>
            {
                consumer.Close();
            });

            await Task.WhenAny(task, Task.Delay(-1, cancellationToken));
            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
        }
    }
}

　　到这里，rabbitmq就被继承到.net core的日志记录功能中去了，但是这里面为了避免记录不要要的日志，我在其中添加了一个限制，rabbitmq只记录categoryName包含Rabbit的日志，这样一来，我们就可以在我们的控制器中使用：　　

　　

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using RabbitMQDemo.Models;

namespace RabbitMQDemo.Controllers
{
    public class RabbitController : Controller
    {
        ILogger logger;
        public RabbitController(ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
        {
            //下面的logger的categoryName=typeof(RabbitController).FullName=RabbitMQDemo.Controllers.RabbitController
            logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<RabbitController>();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 首页
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 消息提交
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public IActionResult Submit(string message)
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(message))
            {
                //发送消息,这里也可以检验日志级别的过滤
                logger.LogCritical($"Log from Critical:{message}");
                logger.LogDebug($"Log from Debug:{message}");
                logger.LogError($"Log from Error:{message}");
                logger.LogInformation($"Log from Information:{message}");
                logger.LogTrace($"Log from Trace:{message}");
                logger.LogWarning($"Log from Warning:{message}");
            }
            return View("Index");
        }
    }
}

　　现在可以启动项目，输入http://localhost:5000/Rabbit就可以进入页面测试了，可以发现功能和上面是一样的

　　细心的朋友可能会发现，本博文内使用的rabbitmq其实是它6中模式中最简单的一种模式：hello world模式，读者可以将上面的代码稍作修改，即可变成其他几种模式，但在现实开发中，具体使用哪种模式需要根据自己的业务需求定。　

　　其实，有一个很好用的第三方封装好的插件，可以让我们很方便的操作rabbitmq，那就是EasyNetQ，可以使用一个消息总栈IBus来进行消息的操作，包含一系列消息模式：Publish/Subscribe, Request/Response和 Send/Receive，这些消息模式也是我们最常用的，所以以后有空再写