实验五

ex1_1:

#include  <stdio.h>
const int N=5;
int binarySearch(int x[], int n, int item);
int main() {
    int a[N]={1,3,9,16,21};
    int i,index, key;
    
    printf("数组a中的数据:\n");
    for(i=0;i<N;i++)
       printf("%d ",a[i]);
    printf("\n");
    
    printf("输入待查找的数据项: ");
    scanf("%d", &key);
    
    index=binarySearch(a,N,key);
    
    if(index>=0) 
        printf("%d在数组中，下标为%d\n", key, index);
    else
        printf("%d不在数组中\n", key); 
   
   return 0;
}
int binarySearch(int x[], int n, int item) {
    int low, high, mid;
    
    low = 0;
    high = n-1;
    
    while(low <= high) {
        mid = (low+high)/2;
        
        if (item == x[mid])
            return mid;
        else if(item < x[mid])
            high = mid - 1;
        else
            low = mid + 1;
    }
    
    return -1;
}

ex1_2:

#include  <stdio.h>
const int N=5;
int binarySearch(int *x, int n, int item);
int main() {
    int a[N]={1,3,9,16,21};
    int i,index, key;
    
    printf("数组a中的数据:\n");
    for(i=0;i<N;i++)
       printf("%d ",a[i]);
    printf("\n");
    
    printf("输入待查找的数据项: ");
    scanf("%d", &key);
    
    index=binarySearch(a,N,key);
    
    if(index>=0) 
        printf("%d在数组中，下标为%d\n", key, index);
    else
        printf("%d不在数组中\n", key); 
   
   return 0;
}
int binarySearch(int *x, int n, int item) {
    int low, high, mid;
    
    low = 0;
    high = n-1;
    
    while(low <= high) {
        mid = (low+high)/2;
        
        if (item == *(x+mid))
            return mid;
        else if(item < *(x+mid))
            high = mid - 1;
        else
            low = mid + 1;
    }
    
    return -1;

ex2_2:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
void selectSort(char str[][20], int n ); 
int main() {
    char name[][20] = {"John", "Alex", "Joseph", "Candy", "Geoge"};
    int i;
    
    printf("输出初始名单:\n");
    for(i=0; i<5; i++)
        printf("%s\n", name[i]);
        
    selectSort(name, 5); 
    
    printf("按字典序输出名单:\n");
    for(i=0; i<5; i++)
        printf("%s\n", name[i]);
     
    return 0;
} 

void selectSort(char str[][20], int n) {
    int i, j, k;
    char temp[20];
    
    for(i=0; i<n-1; i++) {
        k = i; 
        
        for(j=i+1; j<n; j++)
            if (strcmp(str[j],str[k])<0)
                k = j;
                
        if(k != i) {
            strcpy(temp,str[i]);
            strcpy(str[i],str[k]);
            strcpy(str[k],temp);
        }
    }
}

  

二分查找又称折半查找，优点是比较次数少，查找速度快，平均性能好；其缺点是要求待查表为有序表，且插入删除困难。因此，折半查找方法适用于不经常变动而查找频繁的有序列表。首先，假设表中元素是按升序排列，将表中间位置记录的关键字与查找关键字比较，如果两者相等，则查找成功；否则利用中间位置记录将表分成前、后两个子表，如果中间位置记录的关键字大于查找关键字，则进一步查找前一子表，否则进一步查找后一子表。重复以上过程，直到找到满足条件的记录，使查找成功，或直到子表不存在为止，此时查找不成功。