django.db.migrations.graph.NodeNotFoundError: Migration travel_list.0001_initial dependencies reference nonexistent parent node ('employer', '0001_initial')问题

由于不小心将migrations目录下的0001_initial.py误删，运行makemigrations报错：

manage.py@travel > makemigrations

"C:\Program Files (x86)\JetBrains\PyCharm 2016.2.3\bin\runnerw.exe" C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\python.exe "C:\Program Files (x86)\JetBrains\PyCharm 2016.2.3\helpers\pycharm\django_manage.py" makemigrations E:/python_project/travelTraceback (most recent call last):  File "C:\Program Files (x86)\JetBrains\PyCharm 2016.2.3\helpers\pycharm\django_manage.py", line 41, inrun_module(manage_file, None, '__main__', True)  File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\runpy.py", line 182, in run_module    return _run_module_code(code, init_globals, run_name, mod_spec)  File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\runpy.py", line 96, in _run_module_code    mod_name, mod_spec, pkg_name, script_name)  File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code    exec(code, run_globals)  File "E:/python_project/travel\manage.py", line 22, inexecute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 354, in execute_from_command_line

utility.execute()

File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 346, in execute

self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)

File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 394, in run_from_argv

self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)

File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 445, in execute

output = self.handle(*args, **options)

File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\makemigrations.py", line 63, in handle

loader = MigrationLoader(None, ignore_no_migrations=True)

File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\loader.py", line 47, in __init__

self.build_graph()

File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\loader.py", line 185, in build_graph

self.load_disk()

File "C:\Users\Acer\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\loader.py", line 112, in load_disk

"Migration %s in app %s has no Migration class" % (migration_name, app_config.label)

django.db.migrations.loader.BadMigrationError: Migration 0001_initial in app employer has no Migration class

Process finished with exit code 1

跟此情形类似的还有一种情形，那就是把其中的一个app的migrations目录删了（而其他的app的migrations目录没删），会报如下错误：

django.db.migrations.graph.NodeNotFoundError: Migration travel_list.0001_initial dependencies reference nonexistent parent node ('employer', '0001_initial')

解决办法：

1、备份数据库

2、把所有app的migrations目录全部清空（注意“清空”不是“删除”，要保留里面的__init__.py文件）

3、重新运行makemigrations以及migrate