Spring Boot多数据源配置与使用

  在单数据源的情况下,Spring Boot的配置非常简单,只需要在application.properties文件中配置连接参数即可。但是往往随着业务量发展,我们通常会进行数据库拆分或是引入其他数据库,从而我们需要配置多个数据源,下面基于之前的JdbcTemplate和Spring-data-jpa例子分别介绍两种多数据源的配置方式。

多数据源配置

  创建一个Spring配置类,定义两个DataSource

@Configuration
public class DataSourceConfig {

    @Bean(name = "primaryDataSource")
    @Qualifier("primaryDataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="spring.datasource.primary")
    public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean(name = "secondaryDataSource")
    @Qualifier("secondaryDataSource")
    @Primary
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="spring.datasource.secondary")
    public DataSource secondaryDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

}

  对应的application.properties配置如下:

spring.datasource.primary.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test1
spring.datasource.primary.username=root
spring.datasource.primary.password=root
spring.datasource.primary.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

spring.datasource.secondary.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test2
spring.datasource.secondary.username=root
spring.datasource.secondary.password=root
spring.datasource.secondary.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

JdbcTemplate支持

  对JdbcTemplate的支持比较简单,只需要为其注入对应的datasource即可,如下例子,在创建JdbcTemplate的时候分别注入名为primaryDataSourcesecondaryDataSource的数据源来区分不同的JdbcTemplate。

@Bean(name = "primaryJdbcTemplate")
public JdbcTemplate primaryJdbcTemplate(
        @Qualifier("primaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
    return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}

@Bean(name = "secondaryJdbcTemplate")
public JdbcTemplate secondaryJdbcTemplate(
        @Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
    return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}

  接下来通过测试用例来演示如何使用这两个针对不同数据源的JdbcTemplate。

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(Application.class)
public class ApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("primaryJdbcTemplate")
    protected JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate1;

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("secondaryJdbcTemplate")
    protected JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate2;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        jdbcTemplate1.update("DELETE  FROM  USER ");
        jdbcTemplate2.update("DELETE  FROM  USER ");
    }

    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception {

        // 往第一个数据源中插入两条数据
        jdbcTemplate1.update("insert into user(id,name,age) values(?, ?, ?)", 1, "aaa", 20);
        jdbcTemplate1.update("insert into user(id,name,age) values(?, ?, ?)", 2, "bbb", 30);

        // 往第二个数据源中插入一条数据,若插入的是第一个数据源,则会主键冲突报错
        jdbcTemplate2.update("insert into user(id,name,age) values(?, ?, ?)", 1, "aaa", 20);

        // 查一下第一个数据源中是否有两条数据,验证插入是否成功
        Assert.assertEquals("2", jdbcTemplate1.queryForObject("select count(1) from user", String.class));

        // 查一下第一个数据源中是否有两条数据,验证插入是否成功
        Assert.assertEquals("1", jdbcTemplate2.queryForObject("select count(1) from user", String.class));

    }


}

Spring-data-jpa支持

  新增对第一数据源的JPA配置,注意两处注释的地方,用于指定数据源对应的Entity实体和Repository定义位置,用@Primary区分主数据源。

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef="entityManagerFactoryPrimary",
        transactionManagerRef="transactionManagerPrimary",
        basePackages= { "com.didispace.domain.p" }) //设置Repository所在位置
public class PrimaryConfig {

    @Autowired @Qualifier("primaryDataSource")
    private DataSource primaryDataSource;

    @Primary
    @Bean(name = "entityManagerPrimary")
    public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
        return entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).getObject().createEntityManager();
    }

    @Primary
    @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactoryPrimary")
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryPrimary (EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
        return builder
                .dataSource(primaryDataSource)
                .properties(getVendorProperties(primaryDataSource))
                .packages("com.didispace.domain.p") //设置实体类所在位置
                .persistenceUnit("primaryPersistenceUnit")
                .build();
    }

    @Autowired
    private JpaProperties jpaProperties;

    private Map<String, String> getVendorProperties(DataSource dataSource) {
        return jpaProperties.getHibernateProperties(dataSource);
    }

    @Primary
    @Bean(name = "transactionManagerPrimary")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerPrimary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
        return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).getObject());
    }

}

  新增对第二数据源的JPA配置,内容与第一数据源类似,具体如下:

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef="entityManagerFactorySecondary",
        transactionManagerRef="transactionManagerSecondary",
        basePackages= { "com.didispace.domain.s" }) //设置Repository所在位置
public class SecondaryConfig {

    @Autowired @Qualifier("secondaryDataSource")
    private DataSource secondaryDataSource;

    @Bean(name = "entityManagerSecondary")
    public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
        return entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).getObject().createEntityManager();
    }

    @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactorySecondary")
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactorySecondary (EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
        return builder
                .dataSource(secondaryDataSource)
                .properties(getVendorProperties(secondaryDataSource))
                .packages("com.didispace.domain.s") //设置实体类所在位置
                .persistenceUnit("secondaryPersistenceUnit")
                .build();
    }

    @Autowired
    private JpaProperties jpaProperties;

    private Map<String, String> getVendorProperties(DataSource dataSource) {
        return jpaProperties.getHibernateProperties(dataSource);
    }

    @Bean(name = "transactionManagerSecondary")
    PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerSecondary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
        return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).getObject());
    }

}

  完成了以上配置之后,主数据源的实体和数据访问对象位于:com.didispace.domain.p,次数据源的实体和数据访问接口位于:com.didispace.domain.s

posted @ 2018-03-29 21:11  木易森林  阅读(310)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报