LeetCode 445——两数相加 II
1. 题目
2. 解答
2.1 方法一
在 LeetCode 206——反转链表 和 LeetCode 2——两数相加 的基础上，先对两个链表进行反转，然后求出和后再进行反转即可。
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* struct ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode *next;
* ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
ListNode* addTwoNumbers(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) {
// 先将两个链表反序
l1 = reverseList(l1);
l2 = reverseList(l2);
ListNode *head = new ListNode(0); // 建立哨兵结点
ListNode *temp = head;
int carry = 0; // 保留进位
int sum = 0;
while(l1 || l2)
{
if (l1 && l2) // 两个链表都非空
{
sum = l1->val + l2->val + carry;
l1 = l1->next;
l2 = l2->next;
}
else if (l1) // l2 链表为空，只对进位和 l1 元素求和
{
sum = l1->val + carry;
l1 = l1->next;
}
else // l1 链表为空，只对进位和 l2 元素求和
{
sum = l2->val + carry;
l2 = l2->next;
}
// 求出和以及进位，将和添加到新链表中
carry = sum >= 10 ? 1 : 0;
sum = sum % 10;
head->next = new ListNode(sum);
head = head->next;
if ( (l1 == NULL || l2 == NULL) && carry == 0 )
{
head->next = l1 ? l1 : l2;
return reverseList(temp->next);
}
}
if (carry) // 若最后一位还有进位，进位即为最后一位的和
{
head->next = new ListNode(carry);
}
head->next->next = NULL;
return reverseList(temp->next);
}
ListNode* reverseList(ListNode* head) {
if (head == NULL || head->next == NULL) return head;
else
{
ListNode * p1 = head;
ListNode * p2 = p1->next;
ListNode * p3 = p2->next;
while (p2)
{
p3 = p2->next; p2->next = p1;
p1 = p2;
p2 = p3;
}
head->next = NULL;
head = p1;
return head;
}
}
};
2.2 方法二
先求出两个链表的长度，然后对齐两个链表，按照对应位分别求出每一位的和以及进位，最后从最低位也就是最右边开始，将和与进位相加，新建节点在链表头部插入即可。
| 例 1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| l1 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 3 |
| l2 | 5 | 6 | 4 | |
| 和 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 进位 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 结果 | 7 | 8 | 0 | 7 |
| 例 2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| l1 | 9 | 9 | 9 | |
| l2 | 9 | 9 | ||
| 和 | 0 | 9 | 8 | 8 |
| 进位 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 结果 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 8 |
class Solution {
public:
ListNode* addTwoNumbers(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) {
int n1 = countListNodeNumber(l1);
int n2 = countListNodeNumber(l2);
ListNode* long_list = NULL;
ListNode* short_list = NULL;
int bigger_n = 0;
int smaller_n = 0;
if (n1 <= n2)
{
long_list = l2;
short_list = l1;
bigger_n = n2;
smaller_n = n1;
}
else
{
long_list = l1;
short_list = l2;
bigger_n = n1;
smaller_n = n2;
}
int temp = bigger_n - smaller_n + 1;
int sum_array[bigger_n + 1] = {0};
int carry_array[bigger_n + 1] = {0};
int sum = 0;
int carry = 0;
ListNode* long_temp = long_list;
ListNode* short_temp = short_list;
for (unsigned int i = 1; i <= bigger_n; i++)
{
carry = 0;
if (i < temp)
{
sum = long_temp->val;
}
else
{
sum = long_temp->val + short_temp->val;
if (sum >= 10)
{
sum = sum % 10;
carry = 1;
}
short_temp = short_temp->next;
}
sum_array[i] = sum;
carry_array[i-1] = carry;
long_temp = long_temp->next;
}
ListNode* new_head = new ListNode(0);
long_temp = new_head;
for (unsigned int i = bigger_n; i > 0; i--)
{
// 在链表头部进行插入
sum = sum_array[i] + carry_array[i];
if (sum >= 10)
{
sum = sum % 10;
carry_array[i-1] = 1;
}
short_temp = new ListNode(sum);
short_temp->next = long_temp->next;
long_temp->next = short_temp;
}
sum = sum_array[0] + carry_array[0];
if (sum)
{
short_temp = new ListNode(sum);
short_temp->next = long_temp->next;
long_temp->next = short_temp;
}
return new_head->next;
}
int countListNodeNumber(ListNode *head)
{
int node_num = 0;
ListNode* slow = head;
ListNode* fast = head;
while(fast && fast->next)
{
slow = slow->next;
fast = fast->next->next;
node_num++;
}
if (fast)
{
node_num = node_num * 2 + 1;
}
else
{
node_num = node_num * 2;
}
return node_num;
}
};
2.3 方法三
将两个链表的节点分别放入两个栈中，若两个栈都非空，拿两个栈顶元素和进位，求出和以及新的进位；若其中一个栈为空，则拿一个栈顶元素和进位，求出和以及新的进位。然后新建节点，在链表头部进行插入，最后只用处理一下最高位的进位即可。
class Solution {
public:
ListNode* addTwoNumbers(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) {
stack<ListNode *> stack1;
stack<ListNode *> stack2;
while (l1)
{
stack1.push(l1);
l1 = l1->next;
}
while (l2)
{
stack2.push(l2);
l2 = l2->next;
}
int sum = 0;
int carry = 0;
ListNode *new_head = new ListNode(0);
ListNode *temp = NULL;
while (!stack1.empty() && !stack2.empty())
{
sum = stack1.top()->val + stack2.top()->val + carry;
if (sum >= 10)
{
sum = sum % 10;
carry = 1;
}
else
carry = 0;
temp = new ListNode(sum);
temp->next = new_head->next;
new_head->next = temp;
stack1.pop();
stack2.pop();
}
while (!stack1.empty())
{
sum = stack1.top()->val + carry;
if (sum >= 10)
{
sum = sum % 10;
carry = 1;
}
else
carry = 0;
temp = new ListNode(sum);
temp->next = new_head->next;
new_head->next = temp;
stack1.pop();
}
while (!stack2.empty())
{
sum = stack2.top()->val + carry;
if (sum >= 10)
{
sum = sum % 10;
carry = 1;
}
else
carry = 0;
temp = new ListNode(sum);
temp->next = new_head->next;
new_head->next = temp;
stack2.pop();
}
if (carry)
{
temp = new ListNode(carry);
temp->next = new_head->next;
new_head->next = temp;
}
return new_head->next;
}
};
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