数据库的增量以及全量的备份
应用场景：
1）增量备份在周一到周六凌晨3点，会复制mysql-bin.00000*到指定目录；
2）全量备份则使用mysqldump将所有的数据库导出，每周日凌晨3点执行，并会删除上周留下的mysq-bin.00000*，然后对mysql的备份操作会保留在bak.log文件中。
脚本实现：
1）全量备份脚本（假设mysql登录密码为123456；注意脚本中的命令路径）：
[root@test-huanqiu ~]# vim /root/Mysql-FullyBak.sh #!/bin/bash # Program # use mysqldump to Fully backup mysql data per week! # History # Path BakDir=/home/mysql/backup LogFile=/home/mysql/backup/bak.log Date=`date +%Y%m%d` Begin=`date +"%Y年%m月%d日 %H:%M:%S"` cd $BakDir DumpFile=$Date.sql GZDumpFile=$Date.sql.tgz /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --quick --events --all-databases --flush-logs --delete-master-logs --single-transaction > $DumpFile /bin/tar -zvcf $GZDumpFile $DumpFile /bin/rm $DumpFile Last=`date +"%Y年%m月%d日 %H:%M:%S"` echo 开始:$Begin 结束:$Last $GZDumpFile succ >> $LogFile cd $BakDir/daily /bin/rm -f *
2）增量备份脚本（脚本中mysql的数据存放路径是/home/mysql/data，具体根据自己的实际情况进行调整）
[root@test-huanqiu ~]# vim /root/Mysql-DailyBak.sh
#!/bin/bash
# Program
# use cp to backup mysql data everyday!
# History
# Path
BakDir=/home/mysql/backup/daily //增量备份时复制mysql-bin.00000*的目标目录，提前手动创建这个目录
BinDir=/home/mysql/data //mysql的数据目录
LogFile=/home/mysql/backup/bak.log
BinFile=/home/mysql/data/mysql-bin.index //mysql的index文件路径，放在数据目录下的
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 flush-logs
#这个是用于产生新的mysql-bin.00000*文件
Counter=`wc -l $BinFile |awk '{print $1}'`
NextNum=0
#这个for循环用于比对$Counter,$NextNum这两个值来确定文件是不是存在或最新的
for file in `cat $BinFile`
do
base=`basename $file`
#basename用于截取mysql-bin.00000*文件名，去掉./mysql-bin.000005前面的./
NextNum=`expr $NextNum + 1`
if [ $NextNum -eq $Counter ]
then
echo $base skip! >> $LogFile
else
dest=$BakDir/$base
if(test -e $dest)
#test -e用于检测目标文件是否存在，存在就写exist!到$LogFile去
then
echo $base exist! >> $LogFile
else
cp $BinDir/$base $BakDir
echo $base copying >> $LogFile
fi
fi
done
echo `date +"%Y年%m月%d日 %H:%M:%S"` $Next Bakup succ! >> $LogFile
3）设置crontab任务，执行备份脚本。先执行的是增量备份脚本，然后执行的是全量备份脚本：
[root@test-huanqiu ~]# crontab -e #每个星期日凌晨3:00执行完全备份脚本 0 3 * * 0 /bin/bash -x /root/Mysql-FullyBak.sh >/dev/null 2>&1 #周一到周六凌晨3:00做增量备份 0 3 * * 1-6 /bin/bash -x /root/Mysql-DailyBak.sh >/dev/null 2>&1 4）手动执行上面两个脚本，测试下备份效果 [root@test-huanqiu backup]# pwd /home/mysql/backup [root@test-huanqiu backup]# mkdir daily [root@test-huanqiu backup]# ll total 4 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Nov 29 11:29 daily [root@test-huanqiu backup]# ll daily/ total 0 先执行增量备份脚本 [root@test-huanqiu backup]# sh /root/Mysql-DailyBak.sh [root@test-huanqiu backup]# ll total 8 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 121 Nov 29 11:29 bak.log drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Nov 29 11:29 daily [root@test-huanqiu backup]# ll daily/ total 8 -rw-r-----. 1 root root 152 Nov 29 11:29 mysql-binlog.000030 -rw-r-----. 1 root root 152 Nov 29 11:29 mysql-binlog.000031 [root@test-huanqiu backup]# cat bak.log mysql-binlog.000030 copying mysql-binlog.000031 copying mysql-binlog.000032 skip! 2016年11月29日 11:29:32 Bakup succ!
然后执行全量备份脚本
[root@test-huanqiu backup]# sh /root/Mysql-FullyBak.sh 20161129.sql [root@test-huanqiu backup]# ll total 152 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 145742 Nov 29 11:30 20161129.sql.tgz -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 211 Nov 29 11:30 bak.log drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Nov 29 11:30 daily [root@test-huanqiu backup]# ll daily/ total 0 [root@test-huanqiu backup]# cat bak.log mysql-binlog.000030 copying mysql-binlog.000031 copying mysql-binlog.000032 skip!
11:30:38 20161129.sql.tgz succ
转载于：https://www.cnblogs.com/abeli/p/6725201.html
