WPF开发快速入门【3】WPF的基本特性(附加属性)

概述

本文描述WPF的附加属性。对于使用MVVM框架的项目,附加属性是非常重要的一个特性。

 

在MVVM框架下,ViewModel的代码通过控件的依赖属性来控制控件的,例如:

//ViewModel
public Visibility GridVisibility {get;set}

public void Show()
{
      GridVisibility = Visibility.Visible;
}

public void Hide()
{
      GridVisibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
}

//View
<Grid Visibility="{Binding GridVisibility}">
</Grid>

可以看出,我们通过修改GridVisibility 的值就改变了Grid的状态。

现在有一个需求,要求在执行某个命令时,将输入焦点定位到一个TextBox,我想TextBox是否有一个属性:IsFocused?有就简单了!事实上TextBox并没有这个依赖属性,这就麻烦了。如果不采用MVVM,我在代码中执行txtBoxName.Focus();也就搞定了,但MVVM模式下没有这种操作。这时候附加属性就派上用场了。

 你没有IsFocused这个属性,我给你加一个:

    public class TextBoxHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 附加属性:IsFocused
        /// </summary>
        public static readonly DependencyProperty IsFocusedProperty =
            DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("IsFocused",
            typeof(bool), 
            typeof(TextBoxHelper),
            new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(false, OnIsFocusedPropertyChanged));

        public static void SetIsFocused(DependencyObject dp, bool value)
        {
            dp.SetValue(IsFocusedProperty, value);
        }

        public static bool GetIsFocused(DependencyObject dp)
        {
            return (bool)dp.GetValue(IsFocusedProperty);
        }

        private static void OnIsFocusedPropertyChanged(DependencyObject sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            TextBox textBox = sender as TextBox;
            if ((bool)e.NewValue)
            {
                textBox.Focus();
                textBox.SelectAll();
            }
        }
    }

  以上就是这个附加属性的定义。下面需要把这个属性提供给控件: 

<UserControl x:Class="LearnWPF.Pages.PageBasicCharacteristicView"              
             xmlns:xy="clr-namespace:LearnWPF.Controls.Helper;assembly=LearnWPF.Controls">   
    <TabControl> 
        <TabItem Header="附加属性">
            <Grid>               
                <TextBox xy:TextBoxHelper.IsFocused="{Binding IsTextBox2Focused}"/>
                <Button Content="Focus TextBox2" Command="{s:Action FocusTextBox2}"/>
            </Grid>
        </TabItem>       
    </TabControl>
</UserControl>

 然后,ViewModel中操作 IsTextBox2Focused即可控制TextBox的焦点了。

    public class PageBasicCharacteristicViewModel : Screen
    {
        public bool IsTextBox2Focused { get; set; }

        public void FocusTextBox2()
        {           
            IsTextBox2Focused = true;             
        }
    }

   

资源

系列目录:WPF开发快速入门【0】前言与目录 

代码下载:Learn WPF: WPF学习笔记 (gitee.com)

posted @ 2022-08-23 16:35  seabluescn  阅读(1117)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报