Python命令模块argparse学习笔记(二)

argparse模块可以设置两种命令参数,一个是位置参数,一个是命令参数

  • 位置参数

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("name")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.name:
   print(args.name)

直接不带参数运行

报错,需要传个位置参数

打印了传的参数

  • 可选参数

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.thread:
   print(args.thread)

运行结果

没传参数也没有报错,所以参数是可选的,而且参数的顺序也不是按顺序的

-t和--thread都能进行传参数

后面加等号和直接传参数是一样的

可选参数用规定的符号来识别,如上例的-和--,其他的为位置参数,如果有位置参数,不传的话就会报错

  • 设置命令参数的参数

help:参数描述信息

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",help="The Thread To Run")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.thread:
   print(args.thread)

运行

type:参数类型,如果类型不对就会报错

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",type=int,help="The Thread To Run")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.thread:
   print(args.thread)

参数类型设置为int类型

传入一个字符串

传入一个整型

成功执行

default:默认值

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",default=23,help="The Thread To Run")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.thread:
   print(args.thread)

不传入任何参数,直接运行

dest:可作为参数名

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",dest="thread_num",help="The Thread To Run")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.thread_num: #需要改为dest的值
   print(args.thread_num)

运行

choices:可选择的值

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",choices=["one","two"],help="The Thread To Run")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.thread:
   print(args.thread)

参数-t/--thread可选的值为one和two

运行

required:是否为必须参数,值为True或False

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",required=true,help="The Thread To Run")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.thread:
   print(args.thread)

不传参数,运行

报错

const:保存一个常量,不能单独使用,可以和nargs和action中的部分参数一起使用

nargs:参数的数量,值为整数,*为任意个,+为一个或多个,当值为?时,首先从命令行获取参数,然后是从const获取参数,最后从default获得参数

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",nargs="*",help="The Thread To Run")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.thread:
   print(args.thread)

运行结果

把传入的参数以列表输出

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",nargs="?",const=1,default=2,help="The Thread To Run")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.thread:
   print(args.thread)

从const获取了值

action:默认值为store,store_true和store_false把值设置为True或False,store_const把值存入const中,count统计参数出现的次数,append把传入参数存为列表,append_const根据const存为列表

store:

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",action="store",help="The Thread To Run")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.thread:
   print(args.thread)

运行结果

store_true和store_false:

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",action="store_true")
parser.add_argument("-u","--url",action="store_false")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args:
   print(args)

运行

store_const:

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",action="store_const",const=12)
args = parser.parse_args()
if args:
   print(args)

运行结果

count:

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",action="count")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args:
   print(args)

运行结果

append:

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",action="append")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args:
   print(args)

运行结果

append_const:

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
__author__ = "MuT6 Sch01aR"

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="The Help of Python")
parser.add_argument("-t","--thread",action="append_const",const=1)
args = parser.parse_args()
if args:
   print(args)

运行结果

 

posted @ 2018-01-31 01:35  Sch01aR#  阅读(680)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报