Python - Django - AJAX 实现 POST 请求
index.html:
<input type="text" id="i1">+ <input type="text" id="i2">= <input type="text" id="i3"> <input type="button" value="AJAX提交" id="b1"> <script src="/static/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script> <script> $("#b1").on("click", function () { $.ajax({ url: "/ajax_add/", type: "POST", data: {"i1": $("#i1").val(), "i2": $("#i2").val()}, success: function (data) { $("#i3").val(data); } }) }); </script>
views.py:
from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse def index(request): return render(request, "index.html") def ajax_add(request): num1 = request.POST.get("i1") num2 = request.POST.get("i2") ret = int(num1) + int(num2) return HttpResponse(ret)
访问,http://127.0.0.1:8000/index/
输入两组数,点击提交
这里需要验证 csrf token
方法一:
在 index.html 中添加 csrf token
访问,http://127.0.0.1:8000/index/
右键 -> 检查
取到 name
修改 index.html:
{% csrf_token %} <input type="text" id="i1">+ <input type="text" id="i2">= <input type="text" id="i3"> <input type="button" value="AJAX提交" id="b1"> <script src="/static/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script> <script> $("#b1").on("click", function () { var csrfToken = $("[name='csrfmiddlewaretoken']").val(); $.ajax({ url: "/ajax_add/", type: "POST", data: {"i1": $("#i1").val(), "i2": $("#i2").val(), "csrfmiddlewaretoken": csrfToken}, success: function (data) { $("#i3").val(data); } }) }); </script>
运行
方法二:
在 /static/ 目录下创建 test.js:
// 获取 cookie function getCookie(name) { var cookieValue = null; if (document.cookie && document.cookie !== '') { var cookies = document.cookie.split(';'); for (var i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) { var cookie = jQuery.trim(cookies[i]); // Does this cookie string begin with the name we want? if (cookie.substring(0, name.length + 1) === (name + '=')) { cookieValue = decodeURIComponent(cookie.substring(name.length + 1)); break; } } } return cookieValue; } var csrftoken = getCookie('csrftoken'); // 获取 cookie 中的 csrf token // 哪些请求方法不需要用到 csrf token function csrfSafeMethod(method) { // these HTTP methods do not require CSRF protection return (/^(GET|HEAD|OPTIONS|TRACE)$/.test(method)); } // 要用到 csrf token $.ajaxSetup({ beforeSend: function (xhr, settings) { // 在发送请求之前 if (!csrfSafeMethod(settings.type) && !this.crossDomain) { xhr.setRequestHeader("X-CSRFToken", csrftoken); // 在请求头中添加 csrf token } } });
在 index.html 中导入该 js 文件
{% csrf_token %} <input type="text" id="i1">+ <input type="text" id="i2">= <input type="text" id="i3"> <input type="button" value="AJAX提交" id="b1"> <script src="/static/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script> <script src="/static/test.js"></script> <script> $("#b1").on("click", function () { $.ajax({ url: "/ajax_add/", type: "POST", data: {"i1": $("#i1").val(), "i2": $("#i2").val()}, success: function (data) { $("#i3").val(data); } }) }); </script>
运行结果: