centos7-分区2T以上大硬盘

centos7-分区2T以上大硬盘

1. centos7-分区2T以上大硬盘

• 由于使用fdisk进行分区默认在2T内，大于2T后fdisk就无法进行大硬盘进行分区，需要对大于2TB进行分区，使用parted进行分区

• 且ext4不支持16TB以上的磁盘格式化，如果磁盘大于16TB或以上，就使用xfs格式化磁盘

• 查看parted 命令详解

  [root@test ~]# parted --help
  Usage: parted [OPTION]... [DEVICE [COMMAND [PARAMETERS]...]...]
  Apply COMMANDs with PARAMETERS to DEVICE.  If no COMMAND(s) are given, run in
  interactive mode.
  
  OPTIONs:
    -h, --help                      显示此帮助消息
    -l, --list                      列出所有块设备上的分区布局
    -m, --machine                   显示机器可解析的输出
    -s, --script                    不给用户输出提示信息
    -v, --version                   显示版本
    -a, --align=[none|cyl|min|opt]  新分区的对齐
  

• 先使用fdisk -l 查看磁盘大小

  [root@test ~]# fdisk -l
  
  Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
  Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  Disk label type: dos
  Disk identifier: 0x000ad154
  
     Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
  /dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
  /dev/sda2         2099200   104857599    51379200   8e  Linux LVM
  
  Disk /dev/sdb: 8796.1 GB, 8796093022208 bytes, 17179869184 sectors
  Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  
  
  Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 48.4 GB, 48444211200 bytes, 94617600 sectors
  Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  
  
  Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes, 8126464 sectors
  Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  
  

  我们可以看到/dev/sdb是8T数据盘，我们使用parted进行一个分区的大硬盘

• 使用parted进行分区或管理操作

  [root@test ~]# parted /dev/sdb
  GNU Parted 3.1
  Using /dev/sdb
  Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
  (parted)  
  

• 定义分区表格式

  [root@test ~]# parted /dev/sdb
  GNU Parted 3.1
  Using /dev/sdb
  Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
  (parted) mklabel gpt    # 定义分区表格式
  

• 创建分区

  (parted) mkpart part1          # 执行开始创建分区, mkpart执行分区命令， part1为分区名称                                             
  File system type?  [ext2]? xfs     # 文件系统类型，也可以后期通过mkfs.xfs格式化成xfs格式                                          
  Start? 1       # 分区开始值 1                                                            
  End? 8T        # 分区结束值 8T
  

• 使用print命令进行查看创建是否成功

  (parted) print                                                            
  Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
  Disk /dev/sdb: 8796GB
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
  Partition Table: gpt
  Disk Flags: 
  
  Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name   Flags
   1      1049kB  8000GB  8000GB               part1
  

• 执行退出

  (parted) quit                                                             
  Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
  

• 格式磁盘

  [root@test ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1
  meta-data=/dev/sdb1              isize=512    agcount=8, agsize=268435455 blks
           =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
           =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
  data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1953124864, imaxpct=5
           =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
  naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
  log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=521728, version=2
           =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
  realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
  

• 使用mount 进行挂载测试

  [root@test ~]# mkdir -p /test
  [root@test ~]# mount -t xfs /dev/sdb1 /test/
  

• 验证是否挂载

  [root@test ~]# df -h
  Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
  devtmpfs                 1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev
  tmpfs                    1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
  tmpfs                    1.9G  8.9M  1.9G   1% /run
  tmpfs                    1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
  /dev/mapper/centos-root   46G  7.6G   38G  17% /
  /dev/sda1               1014M  151M  864M  15% /boot
  tmpfs                    379M     0  379M   0% /run/user/0
  /dev/sdb1                7.3T   33M  7.3T   1% /test
  

• 配置开机自动挂载

  [root@test ~]# vim /etc/fstab 
  [root@test ~]# cat /etc/fstab 
  
  #
  # /etc/fstab
  # Created by anaconda on Mon Nov 29 00:48:53 2021
  #
  # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
  # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
  #
  /dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
  UUID=c1543849-6ce7-46be-b796-8587fed64908 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
  #/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
  # 配置自动挂载硬盘
  /dev/sdb1  /test   xfs    defaults 0 0