java发送邮件

本文转自：http://www.cnblogs.com/yejg1212/archive/2013/06/01/3112702.html#undefined

实现java发送邮件的过程大体有以下几步：

准备一个properties文件，该文件中存放SMTP服务器地址等参数。
利用properties创建一个Session对象
利用Session创建Message对象，然后设置邮件主题和正文
利用Transport对象发送邮件

需要的jar有2个：activation.jar和mail.jar

直接看个demo代码

#----------------这两个是构建session必须的字段----------
#smtp服务器
mail.smtp.host=smtp.qq.com
#身份验证
mail.smtp.auth=true
#--------------------------------------------------------------

#发送者的邮箱用户名
mail.sender.username=xxx@xx.com
#发送者的邮箱密码
mail.sender.password=xxxxxxxxxx

#----------------这两个是构建session必须的字段----------
#smtp服务器
mail.smtp.host=smtp.qq.com
#身份验证
mail.smtp.auth=true
#--------------------------------------------------------------

#发送者的邮箱用户名
mail.sender.username=xxx@xx.com
#发送者的邮箱密码
mail.sender.password=xxxxxxxxxx

下面是发送邮件的java代码

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;


public class JavaMail {
    /**
     * Message对象将存储我们实际发送的电子邮件信息，
     * Message对象被作为一个MimeMessage对象来创建并且需要知道应当选择哪一个JavaMail session。
     */
    private MimeMessage message;
    
    /**
     * Session类代表JavaMail中的一个邮件会话。
     * 每一个基于JavaMail的应用程序至少有一个Session（可以有任意多的Session）。
     * 
     * JavaMail需要Properties来创建一个session对象。
     * 寻找"mail.smtp.host"    属性值就是发送邮件的主机
     * 寻找"mail.smtp.auth"    身份验证，目前免费邮件服务器都需要这一项
     */
    private Session session;
    
    /***
     * 邮件是既可以被发送也可以被受到。JavaMail使用了两个不同的类来完成这两个功能：Transport 和 Store。 
     * Transport 是用来发送信息的，而Store用来收信。对于这的教程我们只需要用到Transport对象。
     */
    private Transport transport;
    
    private String mailHost="";
    private String sender_username="";
    private String sender_password="";

    
    private Properties properties = new Properties();
    /*
     * 初始化方法
     */
    public JavaMail(boolean debug) {
        InputStream in = JavaMail.class.getResourceAsStream("MailServer.properties");
        try {
            properties.load(in);
            this.mailHost = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host");
            this.sender_username = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username");
            this.sender_password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        
        session = Session.getInstance(properties);
        session.setDebug(debug);//开启后有调试信息
        message = new MimeMessage(session);
    }

    /**
     * 发送邮件
     * 
     * @param subject
     *            邮件主题
     * @param sendHtml
     *            邮件内容
     * @param receiveUser
     *            收件人地址
     */
    public void doSendHtmlEmail(String subject, String sendHtml,
            String receiveUser) {
        try {
            // 发件人
            //InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(sender_username);
            // 下面这个是设置发送人的Nick name
            InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(MimeUtility.encodeWord("幻影")+" <"+sender_username+">");
            message.setFrom(from);
            
            // 收件人
            InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(receiveUser);
            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);//还可以有CC、BCC
            
            // 邮件主题
            message.setSubject(subject);
            
            String content = sendHtml.toString();
            // 邮件内容,也可以使纯文本"text/plain"
            message.setContent(content, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
            
            // 保存邮件
            message.saveChanges();
            
            transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
            // smtp验证，就是你用来发邮件的邮箱用户名密码
            transport.connect(mailHost, sender_username, sender_password);
            // 发送
            transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
            //System.out.println("send success!");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            if(transport!=null){
                try {
                    transport.close();
                } catch (MessagingException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JavaMail se = new JavaMail(false);
        se.doSendHtmlEmail("邮件主题", "邮件内容", "xxx@XX.com");
    }
}

上面只能实现文本的发送，如果我们要发送附件，就需要用到Multipart对象了。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

public class JavaMailWithAttachment {
private MimeMessage message;
private Session session;
private Transport transport;

private String mailHost = "";
private String sender_username = "";
private String sender_password = "";

private Properties properties = new Properties();

/*
* 初始化方法
*/
public JavaMailWithAttachment(boolean debug) {
InputStream in = JavaMailWithAttachment.class.getResourceAsStream("MailServer.properties");
try {
properties.load(in);
this.mailHost = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host");
this.sender_username = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username");
this.sender_password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

session = Session.getInstance(properties);
session.setDebug(debug);// 开启后有调试信息
message = new MimeMessage(session);
}

/**
* 发送邮件
*
* @param subject
* 邮件主题
* @param sendHtml
* 邮件内容
* @param receiveUser
* 收件人地址
* @param attachment
* 附件
*/
public void doSendHtmlEmail(String subject, String sendHtml, String receiveUser, File attachment) {
try {
// 发件人
InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(sender_username);
message.setFrom(from);

// 收件人
InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(receiveUser);
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);

// 邮件主题
message.setSubject(subject);

// 向multipart对象中添加邮件的各个部分内容，包括文本内容和附件
Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();

// 添加邮件正文
BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
contentPart.setContent(sendHtml, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);

// 添加附件的内容
if (attachment != null) {
BodyPart attachmentBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource source = new FileDataSource(attachment);
attachmentBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));

// 网上流传的解决文件名乱码的方法，其实用MimeUtility.encodeWord就可以很方便的搞定
// 这里很重要，通过下面的Base64编码的转换可以保证你的中文附件标题名在发送时不会变成乱码
//sun.misc.BASE64Encoder enc = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder();
//messageBodyPart.setFileName("=?GBK?B?" + enc.encode(attachment.getName().getBytes()) + "?=");

//MimeUtility.encodeWord可以避免文件名乱码
attachmentBodyPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeWord(attachment.getName()));
multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentBodyPart);
}

// 将multipart对象放到message中
message.setContent(multipart);
// 保存邮件
message.saveChanges();

transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
// smtp验证，就是你用来发邮件的邮箱用户名密码
transport.connect(mailHost, sender_username, sender_password);
// 发送
transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());

System.out.println("send success!");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (transport != null) {
try {
transport.close();
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
JavaMailWithAttachment se = new JavaMailWithAttachment(true);
File affix = new File("c:\\测试-test.txt");
se.doSendHtmlEmail("邮件主题", "邮件内容", "xxx@XXX.com", affix);//
}
}

带附件

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

public class JavaMailWithAttachment {
    private MimeMessage message;
    private Session session;
    private Transport transport;

    private String mailHost = "";
    private String sender_username = "";
    private String sender_password = "";

    private Properties properties = new Properties();

    /*
     * 初始化方法
     */
    public JavaMailWithAttachment(boolean debug) {
        InputStream in = JavaMailWithAttachment.class.getResourceAsStream("MailServer.properties");
        try {
            properties.load(in);
            this.mailHost = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host");
            this.sender_username = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username");
            this.sender_password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        session = Session.getInstance(properties);
        session.setDebug(debug);// 开启后有调试信息
        message = new MimeMessage(session);
    }

    /**
     * 发送邮件
     * 
     * @param subject
     *            邮件主题
     * @param sendHtml
     *            邮件内容
     * @param receiveUser
     *            收件人地址
     * @param attachment
     *            附件
     */
    public void doSendHtmlEmail(String subject, String sendHtml, String receiveUser, File attachment) {
        try {
            // 发件人
            InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(sender_username);
            message.setFrom(from);

            // 收件人
            InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(receiveUser);
            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);

            // 邮件主题
            message.setSubject(subject);

            // 向multipart对象中添加邮件的各个部分内容，包括文本内容和附件
            Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
            
            // 添加邮件正文
            BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
            contentPart.setContent(sendHtml, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
            multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);
            
            // 添加附件的内容
            if (attachment != null) {
                BodyPart attachmentBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
                DataSource source = new FileDataSource(attachment);
                attachmentBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
                
                // 网上流传的解决文件名乱码的方法，其实用MimeUtility.encodeWord就可以很方便的搞定
                // 这里很重要，通过下面的Base64编码的转换可以保证你的中文附件标题名在发送时不会变成乱码
                //sun.misc.BASE64Encoder enc = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder();
                //messageBodyPart.setFileName("=?GBK?B?" + enc.encode(attachment.getName().getBytes()) + "?=");
                
                //MimeUtility.encodeWord可以避免文件名乱码
                attachmentBodyPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeWord(attachment.getName()));
                multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentBodyPart);
            }
            
            // 将multipart对象放到message中
            message.setContent(multipart);
            // 保存邮件
            message.saveChanges();

            transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
            // smtp验证，就是你用来发邮件的邮箱用户名密码
            transport.connect(mailHost, sender_username, sender_password);
            // 发送
            transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());

            System.out.println("send success!");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (transport != null) {
                try {
                    transport.close();
                } catch (MessagingException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JavaMailWithAttachment se = new JavaMailWithAttachment(true);
        File affix = new File("c:\\测试-test.txt");
        se.doSendHtmlEmail("邮件主题", "邮件内容", "xxx@XXX.com", affix);//
    }
}

posted @ 2017-12-22 18:38 三豪阅读(155) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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