读者-写者（多线程）

1.描述操作系统中“读者-写者”问题，理解问题的本质，提交你理解或查找到的文本资料

有读者和写者两组并发进程，共亨一个文件，当两个或两个以上的读进程同时访问共享数据时不会产生副作用，但若某个写进程和其他进程（读进程或写进程）同时访问共享数据时则可能导致数据不一致的错误。因此要求：①允许多个读者可以同时对文件执行读操作：②只允许一个写者往文件中写信息：③任一写者在完成写操作之前不允许其他读者或写者工作；④写者执行写操作前，应让已有的读者和写者全部退出。

互斥关系：写进程一写进程、写进程一读进程。读进程与读进程不存在互斥问题。写者进程和任何进程都互斥

设置一个互斥信号量w，在写者访问共享文件前后分别执行P、v操作。
读者进程和写者进程也要互斥，因此读者访问共享文件前后也要对 rw执行P、V操作。

(参考：https://blog.csdn.net/hacv131/article/details/123996745)

2.利用多线程完成reader 和writer的代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <unistd.h>
 
sem_t rmutex,wmutex;
static void *readerThread(void *arg);
static void *reader3Thread(void *arg);
static void *reader2Thread(void *arg);
static void *writerThread(void *arg);
int readcount = 0;
int n = 0;
int nowLen = 1;
char contentArticle[10][100];
int main(){
 
	pthread_t readerTidp,writerTidp,reader3Tidp,reader2Tidp;
	void *retval;
	
	if(sem_init(&rmutex,0,1)==-1||sem_init(&wmutex,0,1)==-1){
		printf("sem_init error\n");
		return -1;
	}//init semaphore
 
	if(pthread_create(&readerTidp,NULL,readerThread,NULL) !=0||pthread_create(&writerTidp,NULL,writerThread,NULL) !=0||pthread_create(&reader3Tidp,NULL,reader3Thread,NULL) !=0||pthread_create(&reader2Tidp,NULL,reader2Thread,NULL) !=0){
		printf("pthread_create error\n");
		return -2;
	}//init pthread
 
	pthread_join(readerTidp,&retval);
	pthread_join(reader3Tidp,&retval);
	pthread_join(reader2Tidp,&retval);
	pthread_join(writerTidp,&retval);
 
	sem_destroy(&rmutex);
	sem_destroy(&wmutex);
	return 0;
}
 
static void *readerThread(void *arg){
	for(int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
	{
		sem_wait(&rmutex);
		if(readcount == 0)sem_wait(&wmutex);
		readcount = readcount+1;
		sem_post(&rmutex);
	
		//read operatiom
		printf("\n\nI'm reader first Reader thread :...the global variable  n equals to %d\n",n);
		for(int j = 0;j < nowLen-1;j++)
		{
			for(int k = 0;k < 26;k++)
				printf("%c",contentArticle[j][k]);
			printf("\n");
		}
			printf("now the count 0f reader is %d\n",readcount);
		printf("now the length 0f content is %d\n",nowLen-1);
		sleep(5);
 
		sem_wait(&rmutex);
		readcount = readcount-1;
		if(readcount == 0)sem_post(&wmutex);
		sem_post(&rmutex);
		sleep(1);
	}
}
 
static void *reader3Thread(void *arg){
        for(int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
        {
                sem_wait(&rmutex);
                if(readcount == 0)sem_wait(&wmutex);
                readcount = readcount+1;
                sem_post(&rmutex);
 
                //read operatiom
                printf("\n\nI'm reader third  Reader thread :...the global variable  n equals to %d\n",n);
		for(int j = 0;j < nowLen-1;j++)
                {
                      for(int k = 0;k < 26;k++)
                                printf("%c",contentArticle[j][k]);
                        printf("\n");
                }
                printf("now the count 0f reader is %d\n",readcount);
                printf("now the length 0f content is %d\n",nowLen-1);
 
		sleep(5);
                sem_wait(&rmutex);
                readcount = readcount-1;
                if(readcount == 0)sem_post(&wmutex);
                sem_post(&rmutex);
                sleep(8);
        }
}
 
 
static void *reader2Thread(void *arg){
        for(int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
        {
                sem_wait(&rmutex);
                if(readcount == 0)sem_wait(&wmutex);
                readcount = readcount+1;
                sem_post(&rmutex);
 
                //read operatiom
                printf("\n\nI'm reader second Reader thread :...the global variable  n equals to %d\n",n);
		for(int j = 0;j < nowLen-1;j++)
              {
                        for(int k = 0;k < 26;k++)
                                printf("%c",contentArticle[j][k]);
                        printf("\n");
                }
 
                printf("now the count 0f reader is %d\n",readcount);
                printf("now the length 0f content is %d\n",nowLen-1);
 
 
                sem_wait(&rmutex);
                readcount = readcount-1;
                if(readcount == 0)sem_post(&wmutex);
                sem_post(&rmutex);
                sleep(4);
        }
}
 
 
 
static void *writerThread(void *arg){
        for(int i = 0;i < 10;i++)
        {
                sem_wait(&wmutex);
              
	       	//writer operation 
	       	n = n+1;
		for(int k = 0;k < 26;k++)
		contentArticle[nowLen-1][k] = 'z'-k;
		nowLen++;
		printf("\n\nWriter thread :writing opration the global variable  n equals to  %d \n",n);
                sleep(2);
	       	sem_post(&wmutex);
                sleep(3);
        }
}