Structure

Fundamentals of Structures

 

struct Integer
{
    private int val;

    public int Value
    {
        get { return val; }
        set { val = value; }
    }

    public int Read()
    {
        return int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    }
}

Structure Declaration

 

using System;

struct Integer
{
    private int val;

    public int Value
    {
        get { return val; }
        set { val = value; }
    }

    public int Read()
    {
        return int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    }
}

class Program
{
    static int Main()
    {
        var Natural = new Integer();

        Console.Write("Enter a natural number: ");
        // Accessing a property of the structure
        Natural.Value =
        // Calling a method of the structure
        Natural.Read();

        Console.WriteLine("The value you entered was: {0}", Natural.Value);
    return 0;
    }
}

Here is an example of running the program:

Enter a natural number: 248
The value you entered was: 248
Press any key to continue . . .

 

 

Techniques of Using Structures 

 

A Structure as a Property

 

 

using System;

public struct Real
{
    private double val;

    public double Value
    {
        get { return val; }
        set { val = value; }
    }

    public double Read()
    {
        return double.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    }
}

public struct Rectangle
{
    Real len;
    Real hgt;

    public Real Length
    {
        get { return len; }
        set { len = value; }
    }

    public Real Height
    {
        get { return hgt; }
        set { hgt = value; }
    }

    public void CreateRectangle()
    {
        Real rat = new Real();

        Console.WriteLine("Enter the dimensions of the rectangle");
        Console.Write("Enter the length: ");
        len.Value = rat.Read();
        Console.Write("Enter the height: ");
        hgt.Value = rat.Read();
    }
}

public class Program
{
    static int Main()
    {
        var Rect = new Rectangle();

        Rect.CreateRectangle();
        Console.WriteLine();

        Console.WriteLine("Rectangle Characteristics");
        Console.WriteLine("Length:    {0}", Rect.Length.Value);
        Console.WriteLine("Height:    {0}", Rect.Height.Value);
        Console.WriteLine("Perimeter: {0}",
            (Rect.Length.Value + Rect.Height.Value) * 2);
        Console.WriteLine("Area:      {0}",
            Rect.Length.Value * Rect.Height.Value);

        return 0;
    }
}

Here is an example of running the program:

Enter the dimensions of the rectangle
Enter the length: 44.84
Enter the height: 26.75

Rectangle Characteristics
Length:    44.84
Height:    26.75
Perimeter: 143.18
Area:      1199.47
Press any key to continue . . .

 

Returning a Structure From a Method 

 

using System;

public struct Real
{
    private double val;

    public double Value
    {
        get { return val; }
        set { val = value; }
    }

    public double Read()
    {
        return double.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    }
}

public struct Rectangle
{
    Real len;
    Real hgt;

    public Real Length
    {
        get { return len; }
        set { len = value; }
    }

    public Real Height
    {
        get { return hgt; }
        set { hgt = value; }
    }

    public void CreateRectangle()
    {
        Real rat = new Real();

        Console.WriteLine("Enter the dimensions of the rectangle");
        len = GetLength();
        Console.Write("Enter the height: ");
        hgt.Value = rat.Read();
    }

    public Real GetLength()
    {
        Real rat = new Real();

        Console.Write("Enter the length: ");
        rat.Value = rat.Read();
        return rat;
    }
}

public class Program
{
    static int Main()
    {
        var Rect = new Rectangle();

        Rect.CreateRectangle();
        Console.WriteLine();

        Console.WriteLine("Rectangle Characteristics");
        Console.WriteLine("Length:    {0}", Rect.Length.Value);
        Console.WriteLine("Height:    {0}", Rect.Height.Value);
        Console.WriteLine("Perimeter: {0}",
            (Rect.Length.Value + Rect.Height.Value) * 2);
        Console.WriteLine("Area:      {0}",
             Rect.Length.Value * Rect.Height.Value);

        return 0;
    }
}

Here is an example of running the application:

Enter the dimensions of the rectangle
Enter the length: 36.04
Enter the height: 22.86

Rectangle Characteristics
Length:    36.04
Height:    22.86
Perimeter: 117.8
Area:      823.8744
Press any key to continue . . .

 

Passing a Structure as Argument 

 

using System;

public struct Real
{
    private double val;

    public double Value
    {
        get { return val; }
        set { val = value; }
    }

    public double Read()
    {
        return double.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    }
}

public struct Rectangle
{
    Real len;
    Real hgt;

    public Real Length
    {
        get { return len; }
        set { len = value; }
    }

    public Real Height
    {
        get { return hgt; }
        set { hgt = value; }
    }

    public void CreateRectangle()
    {
        Real rat = new Real();

        Console.WriteLine("Enter the dimensions of the rectangle");
        len = GetLength();
        Console.Write("Enter the height: ");
        hgt.Value = rat.Read();
    }

    public Real GetLength()
    {
        Real rat = new Real();

        Console.Write("Enter the length: ");
        rat.Value = rat.Read();
        return rat;
    }
}

public class Program
{
    public static void ShowCharacteristics(Rectangle rect)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Rectangle Characteristics");
        Console.WriteLine("Length:    {0}", rect.Length.Value);
        Console.WriteLine("Height:    {0}", rect.Height.Value);
        Console.WriteLine("Perimeter: {0}",
        (rect.Length.Value + rect.Height.Value) * 2);
        Console.WriteLine("Area:      {0}",
        rect.Length.Value * rect.Height.Value);
    }
    static int Main()
    {
        var r = new Rectangle();
        Rect.CreateRectangle();
        
        Console.WriteLine();
        ShowCharacteristics(r);

        return 0;
    }
}

Here is an example of running the program:

Enter the dimensions of the rectangle
Enter the length: 114.55
Enter the height: 82.72

Rectangle Characteristics
Length:    114.55
Height:    82.72
Perimeter: 394.54
Area:      9475.576
Press any key to continue . . .

 Reference: http://www.csharpkey.com/csharp/builtinclasses/structures.htm