let与var的区别
1.javascript严格模式
在js中直接运行
let hello="hello"; console.log(hello)
错误信息如下
let hello = 'hello'; ^^^ SyntaxError: Block-scoped declarations (let, const, function, class) not yet supported outside strict mode ...
解决方法,在文件头添加javascript严格模式声明:
'use strict' let hello="hello"; console.log(hello)
声明后未赋值,表现相同
'use strict'; (function() { var varTest; let letTest; console.log(varTest); //输出undefined console.log(letTest); //输出undefined }());
使用未声明的变量,表现不同
(function() { console.log(varTest); //输出undefined(注意要注释掉下面一行才能运行) console.log(letTest); //直接报错:ReferenceError: letTest is not defined var varTest = 'test var OK.'; let letTest = 'test let OK.'; }());
重复声明同一个变量时,表现不同
'use strict'; (function() { var varTest = 'test var OK.'; let letTest = 'test let OK.'; var varTest = 'varTest changed.'; let letTest = 'letTest changed.'; //直接报错:SyntaxError: Identifier 'letTest' has already been declared console.log(varTest); //输出varTest changed.(注意要注释掉上面letTest变量的重复声明才能运行) console.log(letTest); }());
变量作用范围,表现不同
'use strict'; (function() { var varTest = 'test var OK.'; let letTest = 'test let OK.'; { var varTest = 'varTest changed.'; let letTest = 'letTest changed.'; } console.log(varTest); //输出"varTest changed.",内部"{}"中声明的varTest变量覆盖外部的letTest声明 console.log(letTest); //输出"test let OK.",内部"{}"中声明的letTest和外部的letTest不是同一个变量 }());