CF 219D 树形DP
CF 219D
【题目链接】CF 219D
【题目类型】树形DP
&题意:
给一个n节点的有向无环图,要找一个这样的点:该点到其它n-1要逆转的道路最少,(边<u,v>,如果v要到u去,则要逆转该边方向)如果有多个这样的点,则升序输出所有。
&题解:
参考自:http://blog.csdn.net/angon823/article/details/52316220
需要求每个点到其他n-1个点是否要逆转路径,那么就可以把正的路cost=1,逆转的cost=0,这只要求这个点到其他点的cost,之后用所有的也就是n-1条边减去这个就好了。求一个点到其他点的cost,可以用树形DP来求,u点的cost=u子树的cost+其他的cost
&代码:
#include <map>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <set>
#include <queue>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
#define cle(a,v) memset(a,(v),sizeof(a))
#define ll long long
const int maxn = 2e5 + 7;
struct Edge {
int v, w, next;
} edges[maxn * 2];
int head[maxn], tot;
void addedge(int u, int v, int w) {
edges[tot] = Edge{v, w, head[u]};
head[u] = tot++;
}
int n, dpson[maxn], dpfa[maxn];
void dfs1(int u, int fa) {
for (int i = head[u]; ~i; i = edges[i].next) {
int v = edges[i].v;
int w = edges[i].w;
if (v != fa) {
dfs1(v, u);
dpson[u] += dpson[v] + w;
}
}
}
void dfs2(int u, int fa) {
for (int i = head[u]; i != -1; i = edges[i].next) {
int v = edges[i].v;
int w = edges[i].w;
if (v == fa) continue;
dpfa[v] = dpfa[u] + (w ? 0 : 1) + dpson[u] - dpson[v] - w;
dfs2(v, u);
}
}
int main() {
freopen("1.in", "r", stdin);
cle(head, -1); tot = 0;
cle(dpson, 0);
cle(dpfa, 0);
scanf("%d", &n);
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
int u, v;
scanf("%d%d", &u, &v);
addedge(u, v, 1);
addedge(v, u, 0);
}
dfs1(1, -1);
dfs2(1, -1);
vector<pair<int, int>> vp;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
vp.push_back(make_pair(dpson[i] + dpfa[i], i));
}
sort(vp.begin(), vp.end());
int t1 = vp[n - 1].first;
int i;
for (i = n - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
if (vp[i].first != t1) {
break;
}
}
printf("%d\n", n - 1 - vp[n - 1].first);
for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
printf("%d%c", vp[j].second, j == n - 1 ? '\n' : ' ');
}
return 0;
}