.NET 6 整合 Autofac 依赖注入容器
前言
一行业务代码还没写，框架代码一大堆，不利于学习。
常看到java的学习资料或博客，标题一般为《SpringBoot 整合 XXX》，所以仿照着写了《.NET 6 整合 Autofac 依赖注入容器》这样一个标题。
以下是我自己的用法，可能不是最佳实践。
一. 引用包
NuGet搜索并安装：
Autofac
Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection
二. 配置代码
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
...省略
// ASP.NET Core整合Autofac
builder.Host.UseServiceProviderFactory(new AutofacServiceProviderFactory());//通过工厂替换，把Autofac整合进来
builder.Host.ConfigureContainer<ContainerBuilder>(containerBuilder =>
{
ServiceFactory.SetBuilder(containerBuilder);
ServiceFactory.RegisterAssembly(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()); //注册服务
});
var app = builder.Build();
ServiceFactory.SetContainer((app.Services as AutofacServiceProvider).LifetimeScope as IContainer);
Task.Run(async () => await ServiceFactory.StartAllService()); //启动服务，注意：服务启动完成之前，调用接口会异常
...省略
三. 服务的自动注册、启动、停止
IService接口
/// <summary>
/// 服务接口
/// </summary>
public interface IService
{
/// <summary>
/// 服务启动
/// </summary>
Task OnStart();
/// <summary>
/// 服务停止
/// </summary>
Task OnStop();
}
RegisterServiceAttribute特性
/// <summary>
/// 注册为服务
/// </summary>
public class RegisterServiceAttribute : Attribute
{
}
ServiceBase抽像类
[RegisterService]
public abstract class ServiceBase : IService
{
#region OnStart
public virtual Task OnStart()
{
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
#endregion
#region OnStop
public virtual Task OnStop()
{
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
#endregion
}
ServiceFactory服务工厂类
public class ServiceFactory
{
private static ContainerBuilder _builder;
private static IContainer _container;
private static bool _isRunning; //服务是否正在运行
public static void SetBuilder(ContainerBuilder builder)
{
_builder = builder;
}
public static void SetContainer(IContainer container)
{
_container = container;
}
/// <summary>
/// Autofac.ContainerBuilder
/// </summary>
public static ContainerBuilder Builder
{
get
{
return _builder;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取服务
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">接口类型</typeparam>
public static T Get<T>()
{
if (_isRunning)
{
return _container.Resolve<T>();
}
else
{
throw new Exception("服务尚未启动完成");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name="type">接口类型</param>
public static object Get(Type type)
{
if (_isRunning)
{
return _container.Resolve(type);
}
else
{
throw new Exception("服务尚未启动完成");
}
}
#region 注册程序集
/// <summary>
/// 注册程序集
/// </summary>
/// <param name="serviceAssembly">服务程序集</param>
public static void RegisterAssembly(Assembly serviceAssembly)
{
Type[] typeArr = serviceAssembly.GetTypes();
foreach (Type type in typeArr)
{
if (type.GetCustomAttribute<RegisterServiceAttribute>() != null && !type.IsAbstract)
{
_builder.RegisterType(type).SingleInstance().AsImplementedInterfaces().AsSelf();
}
else
{
Type[] interfaceTypes = type.GetInterfaces();
foreach (Type interfaceType in interfaceTypes)
{
if (interfaceType.GetCustomAttribute<RegisterServiceAttribute>() != null && !type.IsAbstract)
{
_builder.RegisterType(type).SingleInstance().AsImplementedInterfaces().AsSelf();
break;
}
}
}
}
//_container = _builder.Build();
}
#endregion
#region 启动所有服务
/// <summary>
/// 启动所有服务
/// </summary>
public static async Task StartAllService()
{
Type iServiceInterfaceType = typeof(IService);
IEnumerable<Type> types = _container.ComponentRegistry.Registrations.Select(a => a.Activator.LimitType);
await Parallel.ForEachAsync(types, async (type, c) =>
{
if (iServiceInterfaceType.IsAssignableFrom(type))
{
object obj = _container.Resolve(type);
try
{
IService service = obj as IService;
await service.OnStart();
LogUtil.Info("服务 " + obj.GetType().FullName + " 已启动");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
LogUtil.Error(ex, "服务 " + obj.GetType().FullName + " 启动失败");
}
}
});
_isRunning = true;
}
#endregion
#region 停止所有服务
/// <summary>
/// 停止所有服务
/// </summary>
public static async Task StopAllService()
{
Type iServiceInterfaceType = typeof(IService);
IEnumerable<Type> types = _container.ComponentRegistry.Registrations.Select(a => a.Activator.LimitType);
await Parallel.ForEachAsync(types, async (type, c) =>
{
if (iServiceInterfaceType.IsAssignableFrom(type))
{
object obj = _container.Resolve(type);
IService service = obj as IService;
try
{
await service.OnStop();
LogUtil.Info("服务 " + obj.GetType().FullName + " 已停止");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
LogUtil.Error(ex, "服务 " + obj.GetType().FullName + " 停止失败");
}
}
});
_isRunning = false;
}
#endregion
}
ServiceFactory的简写类
/// <summary>
/// ServiceFactory的简写
/// </summary>
public class SF
{
/// <summary>
/// 获取服务
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">接口类型</typeparam>
public static T Get<T>()
{
return ServiceFactory.Get<T>();
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name="type">接口类型</param>
public static object Get(Type type)
{
return ServiceFactory.Get(type);
}
}
编写服务类
服务类示例1
/// <summary>
/// 测试服务
/// </summary>
public class TestService : ServiceBase
{
public async Task<string> GetValue()
{
return await Task.FromResult("测试数据");
}
}
服务类示例2
重写了OnStart和OnStop以实现服务的启动和停止。
/// <summary>
/// 定时任务管理
/// </summary>
public class ScheduleJobs : ServiceBase
{
#region 变量
private IScheduler _scheduler;
#endregion
#region OnStart
public override async Task OnStart()
{
try
{
NameValueCollection options = new NameValueCollection();
string schedulerName = "DefaultQuartzScheduler";
options.Add("quartz.scheduler.instanceName", schedulerName);
StdSchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory(options);
_scheduler = await schedulerFactory.GetScheduler(schedulerName);
if (_scheduler == null)
{
_scheduler = await schedulerFactory.GetScheduler();
}
await _scheduler.Start();
AddJobs(_scheduler);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
}
}
#endregion
#region OnStop
public override async Task OnStop()
{
await _scheduler.Shutdown();
}
#endregion
#region ScheduleJob
private async Task ScheduleJob<T>(IScheduler scheduler, string cronString) where T : IJob
{
IJobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.Create<T>().Build();
ITrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create().WithCronSchedule(cronString).Build();
await scheduler.ScheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
}
#endregion
private async void AddJobs(IScheduler scheduler)
{
await ScheduleJob<TestJob>(scheduler, "0/30 * * * * ?");
}
}
构造注入示例
[ApiController]
[Route("[controller]")]
public class TestController : ControllerBase
{
private readonly TestService _testService;
public TestController(TestService testService)
{
_testService = testService;
}
...省略
}
也可以这样使用
var value = await SF.Get<TestService>().GetValue();
