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JDK1.8 新特性

一、功能接口

Java 8 引入了@FunctionalInterface,一个只有一个抽象方法的接口。编译器会将任何满足函数式接口定义的接口视为函数式接口;
这意味着@FunctionalInterface注释是可选的。

让我们看看六个基本的功能接口。

接口 签名 示例
UnaryOperator T apply(T t) String::toLowerCase, Math::tan
BinaryOperator T apply(T t1, T t2) BigInteger::add, Math::pow
Function<T, R> R apply(T t) Arrays::asList, Integer::toBinaryString
Predicate<T, U> boolean test(T t, U u) String::isEmpty, Character::isDigit
Supplier T get() LocalDate::now, Instant::now
Consumer void accept(T t) System.out::println, Error::printStackTrace

二、 Lambda 表达式和方法参考

Java 8 引入了 lambda 表达式来提供函数接口的抽象方法的实现。

public interface Iterable {
//...

default void forEach(Consumer<? super T> var1) {
    Objects.requireNonNull(var1);
    Iterator var2 = this.iterator();

    while(var2.hasNext()) {
        Object var3 = var2.next();
        var1.accept(var3);
    }

}

//......
}

使用Collections.sort示例

新建一个Student类,然后根据id进行排序

@Data
public class Student {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String age;

使用Collections.sort进行排序


    public List<Student> getStudents(){
        List<Student> result = new ArrayList<>();
        result.add(new Student(1,"小易","21"));
        result.add(new Student(2,"小二","23"));
        result.add(new Student(4,"小思","24"));
        result.add(new Student(3,"小三","24"));
        return result;
    }

    @Test
    public void ComparatorTest(){
        List<Student> listStudent = getStudents();
        for (Student student : listStudent) {
            System.out.println("使用for循环遍历出来"+student);
        }

        System.out.println("========================");

        Collections.sort(listStudent, new Comparator<Student>() {
            @Override
            public int compare(Student t1, Student t2) {
                return t1.getId() - t2.getId();
            }
        });

        System.out.println(listStudent);

    }

使用Lambda 简化Collections.sort开发

List接口sort直接支持该方法,不再需要使用Collections.sort

    @Test
    public void LambdaComparatorTest(){
        List<Student> listStudent = getStudents();
        for (Student student : listStudent) {
            System.out.println("使用for循环遍历出来"+student);
        }
        System.out.println("========================");

        listStudent.sort(new Comparator<Student>() {
            @Override
            public int compare(Student t1, Student t2) {
                return t1.getId() - t2.getId();
            }
        });
        System.out.println(listStudent);
    }

使用Lambda打印

    @Test
    public void LambdaComparatorTest(){
        System.out.println("===========  for循环遍历  =============");
        List<Student> listStudent = getStudents();
        for (Student student : listStudent) {
            System.out.println("使用for循环遍历出来"+student);
        }
        System.out.println("===========  lambda  =============");

        //lambda
        listStudent.sort((Student t1,Student t2)->t1.getId() - t2.getId());
        System.out.println(listStudent);
        
        System.out.println("===========  在forEach使用lambda 打印  =============");
        
        //lambda也支持print打印
        listStudent.forEach((student -> {System.out.println(student);}));
        //为了更好的可读性 使用方法引用
        listStudent.forEach(System.out::println);           // method references

    }

这一段可以更简化:listStudent.sort((Student t1,Student t2)->t1.getId() - t2.getId());
如下:简化了很多,但是缺点别人接手你的代码 如果很多代码使用lambda有一定难度消化(我以前就是)
listStudent.sort((t1,t2)->t1.getId() - t2.getId());

按名称排序

        listStudent.sort((Student t1,Student t2)->t1.getName().compareTo(t2.getName()));

查看sort的源码

会走这个方法

    private static <T> void binarySort(T[] var0, int var1, int var2, int var3, Comparator<? super T> var4) {
        assert var1 <= var3 && var3 <= var2;

        if (var3 == var1) {
            ++var3;
        }

        while(var3 < var2) {
            Object var5 = var0[var3];
            int var6 = var1;
            int var7 = var3;

            assert var1 <= var3;

            int var8;
            while(var6 < var7) {
                var8 = var6 + var7 >>> 1;
                if (var4.compare(var5, var0[var8]) < 0) {
                    var7 = var8;
                } else {
                    var6 = var8 + 1;
                }
            }

            assert var6 == var7;

            var8 = var3 - var6;
            switch(var8) {
            case 2:
                var0[var6 + 2] = var0[var6 + 1];
            case 1:
                var0[var6 + 1] = var0[var6];
                break;
            default:
                System.arraycopy(var0, var6, var0, var6 + 1, var8);
            }

            var0[var6] = var5;
            ++var3;
        }

    }

主要代码
int var8;
while(var6 < var7) {
var8 = var6 + var7 >>> 1;
if (var4.compare(var5, var0[var8]) < 0) {
var7 = var8;
} else {
var6 = var8 + 1;
}
}

posted @ 2021-12-17 12:02  Rzk  阅读(427)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报