在项目中,有时会遇到定时任务的处理,下面介绍一下我的做法。
此做法基于Spring4,Spring框架搭建成功,另需引入quartz.jar,pom.xml文件中加入
<dependency> <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId> <artifactId>quartz</artifactId> <version>2.2.1</version> </dependency>
创建基类,继承Job类
import org.quartz.Job; import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; public interface BaseJob extends Job{ @Override public void execute(JobExecutionContext paramJobExecutionContext); }
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
public class BaseJobImpl implements BaseJob{ @Override public void execute(JobExecutionContext paramJobExecutionContext){ } }
创建两个要执行的定时任务类,继承BaseJobImpl 类
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class Job1 extends BaseJobImpl{ @Override public void execute(JobExecutionContext paramJobExecutionContext){ System.out.println("定时任务1"); } }
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class Job2 extends BaseJobImpl{ @Override public void execute(JobExecutionContext paramJobExecutionContext){ System.out.println("定时任务2");
}
}
创建定时任务管理类
import org.apache.log4j.LogManager; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.quartz.JobDataMap; import org.quartz.Scheduler; import org.quartz.SchedulerException; import org.quartz.impl.JobDetailImpl; import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory; import org.quartz.impl.triggers.CronTriggerImpl; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class JobFactory { private final Logger log = LogManager.getLogger(JobFactory.class); private final static StdSchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory (); @Scheduled(cron = "*/10 * * * * ?") public void run() throws SchedulerException{
//Job为一个Bean,对应数据库一张表,此处简单的做了两条假数据,真实项目应查询数据库表获得List List<Job> list=new ArrayList<Job>(); Job job1=new Job(); job1.setFunctionName("execute"); job1.setGroupname("group1");
//此处Job1为定义的定时任务类,注意这里是类的路径,并不单纯是类名 job1.setJobClassName("Job1"); job1.setJobId("00000000000"); job1.setJobName("测试"); job1.setManagername("manager");
//此处为控制定时任务的执行,常见规则示例:
/**
每隔5秒执行一次:*/5 * * * * ?
每隔1分钟执行一次:0 */1 * * * ?
每天23点执行一次:0 0 23 * * ?
每天凌晨1点执行一次:0 0 1 * * ?
每月1号凌晨1点执行一次:0 0 1 1 * ?
每月最后一天23点执行一次:0 0 23 L * ?
每周星期天凌晨1点实行一次:0 0 1 ? * L
在26分、29分、33分执行一次:0 26,29,33 * * * ?
每天的0点、13点、18点、21点都执行一次:0 0 0,13,18,21 * * ?
*/
job1.setRule("0/2 * * * * ?")
list.add(job1);
Job job2=new Job(); job2.setFunctionName("execute"); job2.setGroupname("group1"); job2.setJobClassName("Job2"); job2.setJobId("00000000001"); job2.setJobName("测试"); job2.setManagername("manager"); job2.setRule("0/2 * * * * ?"); list.add(job2); Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler(); scheduler.clear(); for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){ Job job=list.get(i); System.out.println("任务管理"+i); try { String jobid=job.getJobId(); String functionName=job.getFunctionName(); String managerName=job.getManagername();
String classPath=job.getJobClassName(); if(jobid==null||jobid.equals("")||functionName==null||functionName.equals("")||managerName==null||managerName.equals("")||
classPath==null||classPath.equals("")){ log.info("==>Task Info ERROR.Can Not Create Task!"); return; } //启动任务 Object object=Class.forName(job.getJobClassName()).newInstance(); JobDetailImpl jobDetail = new JobDetailImpl(job.getJobId(), job.getGroupname(),
(Class<? extends BaseJobImpl>) object.getClass()); JobDataMap jobMap=new JobDataMap(); jobMap.put("managerName", managerName); jobMap.put("functionName", functionName); jobMap.put("taskid", jobid); jobDetail.setJobDataMap(jobMap); // 触发器 CronTriggerImpl trigger = new CronTriggerImpl(job.getJobId(), job.getGroupname());// 触发器名,触发器组 trigger.setCronExpression(job.getRule()); scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger); // 启动 if (!scheduler.isShutdown()){ scheduler.start(); }else{ log.info("==>"+job.getJobName()+"["+job.getJobId()+"] is Shutdown"); } } catch (Exception e) { log.error("==>"+job.getJobName()+"["+job.getJobId()+"] Start ERROR"); log.error(job.getJobName()+"Start ERROR", e); } } } }
项目启动时上面的run方法要想启动,需要在spring配置文件中添加如下配置:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.1.xsd ">
<task:annotation-driven executor="taskExecutor" scheduler="taskScheduler"/> <task:executor id="taskExecutor" pool-size="5"/> <task:scheduler id="taskScheduler" pool-size="10" /> </beans>
这样,由于run方法配置了@Scheduled(cron = "*/10 * * * * ?")注解,所以run方法会每隔十秒执行一次。
启动项目,结果如下:
这样就实现了定时任务的管理,如果你想写一个定时任务,只需要继承BaseJobImpl类,覆盖execute方法,并在数据库配置一条信息即可。