Linux expect自动登录ssh,ftp
【http://blog.51yip.com/linux/1462.html#】
#!/usr/bin/expect -f
set ip 192.168.1.201
set password meimiao1905
set timeout 10
spawn ssh root@$ip
expect {
"*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue}
"*password:" { send "$password\r" }
}
interact
expect是一种能够按照脚本内容里面设定的方式与交互式程序进行“会话”的程序。根据脚本内容，Expect可以知道程序会提示或反馈什么内容以及 什么是正确的应答。它是一种可以提供“分支和嵌套结构”来引导程序流程的解释型脚本语言。
shell功能很强大,但是不能实现有交互功能的多机器之前的操作,例如ssh和ftp.而expect可以帮助我们来实现.
一,安装expect
yum install expect
其实expect根bash形势上差不多的.
二,实例
1,ssh实现自动登录,并停在登录服务器上
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1.#!/usr/bin/expect -f
2. set ip [lindex $argv 0 ] //接收第一个参数,并设置IP
3. set password [lindex $argv 1 ] //接收第二个参数,并设置密码
4. set timeout 10 //设置超时时间
5. spawn ssh root@$ip //发送ssh请滶
6. expect { //返回信息匹配
7. "*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue} //第一次ssh连接会提示yes/no,继续
8. "*password:" { send "$password\r" } //出现密码提示,发送密码
9. }
10. interact //交互模式,用户会停留在远程服务器上面.
运行结果如下:
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1.root@ubuntu:/home/zhangy# ./test.exp 192.168.1.130 admin
2.spawn ssh root@192.168.1.130
3.Last login: Fri Sep 7 10:47:43 2012 from 192.168.1.142
4.[root@linux ~]#
这个例子有统一的接口,根据IP和密码可以连接到不同的机器.如果你嫌输入IP和密码麻烦,看下面的例子
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1.#!/usr/bin/expect -f
2. set ip 192.168.1.130
3. set password admin
4. set timeout 10
5. spawn ssh root@$ip
6. expect {
7. "*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue}
8. "*password:" { send "$password\r" }
9. }
10. interact
运行结果如下:
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1.root@ubuntu:/home/zhangy# ./web.exp
2.spawn ssh root@192.168.1.130
3.Last login: Fri Sep 7 12:59:02 2012 from 192.168.1.142
4.[root@linux ~]#
2,ssh远程登录到服务器,并且执行命令,执行完后并退出
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1.#!/usr/bin/expect -f
2. set ip 192.168.1.130
3. set password admin
4. set timeout 10
5. spawn ssh root@$ip
6. expect {
7. "*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue}
8. "*password:" { send "$password\r" }
9. }
10. expect "#*"
11. send "pwd\r"
12. send "exit\r"
13. expect eof
运行结果如下:
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1.root@ubuntu:/home/zhangy# ./test3.exp
2.spawn ssh root@192.168.1.130
3.root@192.168.1.130's password:
4.Last login: Fri Sep 7 14:05:07 2012 from 116.246.27.90
5.[root@localhost ~]# pwd
6./root
7.[root@localhost ~]# exit
8.logout
9.Connection to 192.168.1.130 closed.
3,远程登录到ftp,并且下载文件
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1.#!/usr/bin/expect -f
2. set ip [lindex $argv 0 ]
3. set dir [lindex $argv 1 ]
4. set file [lindex $argv 2 ]
5. set timeout 10
6. spawn ftp $ip
7. expect "Name*"
8. send "zwh\r"
9. expect "Password:*"
10. send "zwh\r"
11. expect "ftp>*"
12. send "lcd $dir\r"
13. expect {
14. "*file" { send_user "local $_dir No such file or directory";send "quit\r" }
15. "*now*" { send "get $dir/$file $dir/$file\r"}
16. }
17. expect {
18. "*Failed" { send_user "remote $file No such file";send "quit\r" }
19. "*OK" { send_user "$file has been download\r";send "quit\r"}
20. }
21. expect eof
运行结果如下:
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1.root@ubuntu:/home/zhangy# ./test2.exp 192.168.1.130 /var/www/www aaa.html
2.spawn ftp 192.168.1.130
3.Connected to 192.168.1.130.
4.220 (vsFTPd 2.0.5)
5.Name (192.168.1.130:root): zwh
6.331 Please specify the password.
7.Password:
8.230 Login successful.
9.Remote system type is UNIX.
10.Using binary mode to transfer files.
11.ftp> lcd /var/www/www
12.Local directory now /var/www/www
13.ftp> get /var/www/www/aaa.html /var/www/www/aaa.html
14.local: /var/www/www/aaa.html remote: /var/www/www/aaa.html
15.200 PORT command successful. Consider using PASV.
16.150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for /var/www/www/aaa.html (66 bytes).
17.226 File send OK.
18.66 bytes received in 0.00 secs (515.6 kB/s)
19.quit aaa.html has been download
20.221 Goodbye.
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