yii2增删改查操作
https://www.yiichina.com/tutorial/996
https://www.yiichina.com/tutorial/834
一、新增
使用model::save()操作进行新增数据
$user= new User;
$user->username =$username;
$user->password =$password;
$user->save()
使用createCommand()进行新增数据
Yii::$app->db->createCommand()->insert('user', [
'name' => 'test',
'age' => 30,
])->execute();
批量插入数据
Yii::$app->db->createCommand()->batchInsert('user', ['name', 'age'], [
['test01', 30],
['test02', 20],
['test03', 25],
])->execute();
二、修改
使用model::save()进行修改
$user = User::find()->where(['name'=>'test'])->one(); //获取name等于test的模型
$user->age = 40; //修改age属性值
$user->save(); //保存
直接修改:修改用户test的年龄为40
$result = User::model()->updateAll(['age'=>40],['name'=>'test']);
使用createCommand()修改
Yii::$app->db->createCommand()->update('user', ['age' => 40], 'name = test')->execute();
三、删除
使用model::delete()进行删除
$user = User::find()->where(['name'=>'test'])->one();
$user->delete();
直接删除:删除年龄为30的所有用户
$result = User::deleteAll(['age'=>'30']);
根据主键删除:删除主键值为1的用户
$result = User::deleteByPk(1);
使用createCommand()删除
Yii::$app->db->createCommand()->delete('user', 'age = 30')->execute();
1. 简单查询
[[one()]]: 根据查询结果返回查询的第一条记录。
[[all()]]: 根据查询结果返回所有记录。
[[count()]]: 返回记录的数量。
[[sum()]]: 返回指定列的总数。
[[average()]]: 返回指定列的平均值。
[[min()]]: 返回指定列的最小值。
[[max()]]: 返回指定列的最大值。
[[scalar()]]: 返回查询结果的第一行中的第一列的值。
[[column()]]: 返回查询结果中的第一列的值。
[[exists()]]: 返回一个值,该值指示查询结果是否有数据。
[[where()]]: 添加查询条件
[[with()]]: 该查询应执行的关系列表。
[[indexBy()]]: 根据索引的列的名称查询结果。
[[asArray()]]: 以数组的形式返回每条记录。
应用实例:
Customer::find()->one(); 此方法返回一条数据;
Customer::find()->all(); 此方法返回所有数据;
Customer::find()->count(); 此方法返回记录的数量;
Customer::find()->average(); 此方法返回指定列的平均值;
Customer::find()->min(); 此方法返回指定列的最小值 ;
Customer::find()->max(); 此方法返回指定列的最大值 ;
Customer::find()->scalar(); 此方法返回值的第一行第一列的查询结果;
Customer::find()->column(); 此方法返回查询结果中的第一列的值;
Customer::find()->exists(); 此方法返回一个值指示是否包含查询结果的数据行;
Customer::find()->asArray()->one(); 以数组形式返回一条数据;
Customer::find()->asArray()->all(); 以数组形式返回所有数据;
Customer::find()->where($condition)->asArray()->one(); 根据条件以数组形式返回一条数据;
Customer::find()->where($condition)->asArray()->all(); 根据条件以数组形式返回所有数据;
Customer::find()->where($condition)->asArray()->orderBy('id DESC')->all(); 根据条件以数组形式返回所有数据,并根据ID倒序;
2.关联查询
[[ActiveRecord::hasOne()]]:返回对应关系的单条记录
[[ActiveRecord::hasMany()]]:返回对应关系的多条记录
应用实例:
//客户表Model:CustomerModel
//订单表Model:OrdersModel
//国家表Model:CountrysModel
//首先要建立表与表之间的关系
//在CustomerModel中添加与订单的关系
Class CustomerModel extends yiidbActiveRecord
{
...
public function getOrders()
{
//客户和订单是一对多的关系所以用hasMany
//此处OrdersModel在CustomerModel顶部别忘了加对应的命名空间
//id对应的是OrdersModel的id字段,order_id对应CustomerModel的order_id字段
return $this->hasMany(OrdersModel::className(), ['id'=>'order_id']);
}
public function getCountry()
{
//客户和国家是一对一的关系所以用hasOne
return $this->hasOne(CountrysModel::className(), ['id'=>'Country_id']);
}
....
}
// 查询客户与他们的订单和国家
CustomerModel::find()->with('orders', 'country')->all();
// 查询客户与他们的订单和订单的发货地址
CustomerModel::find()->with('orders.address')->all();
// 查询客户与他们的国家和状态为1的订单
CustomerModel::find()->with([
'orders' => function ($query) {
$query->andWhere('status = 1');
},
'country',
])->all();
注:with中的orders对应getOrders
常见问题:
在查询时加了->select();如下,要加上order_id,即关联的字段(比如:order_id)比如要在select中,否则会报错:undefined index order_id
// 查询客户与他们的订单和国家
CustomerModel::find()->select('order_id')->with('orders', 'country')->all();
findOne()和findAll():
// 查询key值为10的客户
$customer = Customer::findOne(10);
$customer = Customer::find()->where(['id' => 10])->one();
// 查询年龄为30,状态值为1的客户
$customer = Customer::findOne(['age' => 30, 'status' => 1]);
$customer = Customer::find()->where(['age' => 30, 'status' => 1])->one();
// 查询key值为10的所有客户
$customers = Customer::findAll(10);
$customers = Customer::find()->where(['id' => 10])->all();
// 查询key值为10,11,12的客户
$customers = Customer::findAll([10, 11, 12]);
$customers = Customer::find()->where(['id' => [10, 11, 12]])->all();
// 查询年龄为30,状态值为1的所有客户
$customers = Customer::findAll(['age' => 30, 'status' => 1]);
$customers = Customer::find()->where(['age' => 30, 'status' => 1])->all();
where()条件:
$customers = Customer::find()->where($cond)->all();
$cond写法举例:
// SQL: (type = 1) AND (status = 2).
$cond = ['type' => 1, 'status' => 2]
// SQL:(id IN (1, 2, 3)) AND (status = 2)
$cond = ['id' => [1, 2, 3], 'status' => 2]
//SQL:status IS NULL
$cond = ['status' => null]
[[and]]:将不同的条件组合在一起,用法举例:
//SQL:`id=1 AND id=2`
$cond = ['and', 'id=1', 'id=2']
//SQL:`type=1 AND (id=1 OR id=2)`
$cond = ['and', 'type=1', ['or', 'id=1', 'id=2']]
[[or]]:
//SQL:`(type IN (7, 8, 9) OR (id IN (1, 2, 3)))`
$cond = ['or', ['type' => [7, 8, 9]], ['id' => [1, 2, 3]]
[[not]]:
//SQL:`NOT (attribute IS NULL)`
$cond = ['not', ['attribute' => null]]
[[between]]: not between 用法相同
//SQL:`id BETWEEN 1 AND 10`
$cond = ['between', 'id', 1, 10]
[[in]]: not in 用法类似
//SQL:`id IN (1, 2, 3)`
$cond = ['in', 'id', [1, 2, 3]]
//IN条件也适用于多字段
$cond = ['in', ['id', 'name'], [['id' => 1, 'name' => 'foo'], ['id' => 2, 'name' => 'bar']]]
//也适用于内嵌sql语句
$cond = ['in', 'user_id', (new Query())->select('id')->from('users')->where(['active' => 1])]
[[like]]:
//SQL:`name LIKE '%tester%'`
$cond = ['like', 'name', 'tester']
//SQL:`name LIKE '%test%' AND name LIKE '%sample%'`
$cond = ['like', 'name', ['test', 'sample']]
//SQL:`name LIKE '%tester'`
$cond = ['like', 'name', '%tester', false]
[[exists]]: not exists用法类似
//SQL:EXISTS (SELECT "id" FROM "users" WHERE "active"=1)
$cond = ['exists', (new Query())->select('id')->from('users')->where(['active' => 1])]
此外,您可以指定任意运算符如下
//SQL:`id >= 10`
$cond = ['>=', 'id', 10]
//SQL:`id != 10`
$cond = ['!=', 'id', 10]
常用查询:
// WHERE admin_id >= 10 LIMIT 0,10
User::find()->select('*')->where(['>=', 'admin_id', 10])->offset(0)->limit(10)->all()
// SELECT `id`, (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `user`) AS `count` FROM `post`
$subQuery = (new Query())->select('COUNT(*)')->from('user');
$query = (new Query())->select(['id', 'count' => $subQuery])->from('post');
// SELECT DISTINCT `user_id` ...
User::find()->select('user_id')->distinct();
更新:
//update();
//runValidation boolen 是否通过validate()校验字段 默认为true
//attributeNames array 需要更新的字段
$model->update($runValidation , $attributeNames);
//updateAll();
//update customer set status = 1 where status = 2
Customer::updateAll(['status' => 1], 'status = 2');
//update customer set status = 1 where status = 2 and uid = 1;
Customer::updateAll(['status' => 1], ['status'=> '2','uid'=>'1']);
删除:
$model = Customer::findOne($id);
$model->delete();
$model->deleteAll(['id'=>1]);
批量插入:
Yii::$app->db->createCommand()->batchInsert(UserModel::tableName(), ['user_id','username'], [
['1','test1'],
['2','test2'],
['3','test3'],
])->execute();
查看执行sql
//UserModel
$query = UserModel::find()->where(['status'=>1]);
echo $query->createCommand()->getRawSql();