MATLAB GUI设计（1）
一、新建GUI
1、命令行窗口输入 guide会出来如下界面，可以新建空白GUI，也可以打开已有GUI
2、通过工具栏新建
二、数据传递例子
1、添加输入框按钮，设置尺寸大小，内容，格式，标签
2、复制输入框按钮，得到输出框按钮
3、转换按钮
(1)添加按钮
注意格式是pushbutton
（2）添加回调函数
（3）运行
3、界面可调
4、滚动条
（1）插入滑动条，设置
（2）静态文本框
(3)可编辑文本
（4）回调函数
打开滑动条的回调函数
function slider1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to slider1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.slider1,'Value');%得到slider1，属性为‘Value’的值
set(handles.edit1,'String',num2str(val));%设置edit1属性为‘String’的值
加上最后两句，即可。
4、单选按钮
（1）添加单选按钮，设置
选择了该按钮，'Value'值为最大值，否则为最小值
（2）添加可编辑文本
（3）添加回调函数
function radiobutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to radiobutton1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) val=get(handles.radiobutton1,'Value');%得到slider1，属性为‘Value’的值 set(handles.edit1,'String',num2str(val));%设置edit1属性为‘Strin % Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of radiobutton1
（5）更改最大最小值及设置
5、复选框
（1）添加复选框，设置
(2)添加可编辑文本框（如上）
（3）回调函数
function checkbox1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to checkbox1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) val=get(handles.checkbox1,'Value');%得到slider1，属性为‘Value’的值 set(handles.edit2,'String',num2str(val));%设置edit1属性为‘Strin % Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of checkbox1
6、切换函数
（1）添加切换按钮
（2）添加文本框
（3）添加回调函数
function togglebutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to togglebutton2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) val=get(handles.togglebutton2,'Value');%得到slider1，属性为‘Value’的值 set(handles.edit3,'String',num2str(val));%设置edit1属性为‘Strin % Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of togglebutton2
7、按钮组
（1）添加按钮组控件，设置显示文字及大小
（2）添加三个单选按钮，更改显示内容和大小
运行一下，如下图
同一时刻只能选择一个按钮，这就是按钮组的特点
（3）添加坐标轴
（4）添加SelectionChangedFcn函数
function uibuttongroup1_SelectionChangedFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to the selected object in uibuttongroup1
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
x=0:0.01:2*pi;%定义x轴坐标
axes(handles.axes1);%选中你要画图的坐标系
current_selection=get(eventdata.NewValue,'tag'); %困扰了一天的问题终于解决了
%原来 是Tag 返回值是字符串类型
% case后的选择条件要加引号
switch current_selection
case 'radiobutton1'
y1=sin(x);
plot(x,y1);
grid on
title('sin(x)')
case 'radiobutton2'
y2=cos(x);
plot(x,y2);
grid on
title('cos(x)')
case 'radiobutton3'
y3=sin(x)+cos(x);
plot(x,y3);
grid on
title('sin(x)+cos(x)')
end
8、弹出式菜单
(1)添加弹出式菜单
Value 随着选择不同分别为1，2，3
(2)添加回掉函数
function popupmenu1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) val=get(handles.popupmenu1,'Value')%不加分号，将结果显示
选择不同的函数，返回不同的值
(3)添加坐标轴
（4）添加回调函数
function popupmenu1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.popupmenu1,'Value');
x=0:0.01:2*pi;%定义x轴坐标
axes(handles.axes1);%选中你要画图的坐标系
switch val
case 1
y1=sin(x);
plot(x,y1);
grid on
title('sin(x)')
case 2
y2=cos(x);
plot(x,y2);
grid on
title('cos(x)')
case 3
y3=sin(x)+cos(x);
handles.h=plot(x,y3);%创建句柄
set(handles.h,'Color',rand(1,3));%设置颜色
title('sin(x)+cos(x)')
end
9、listbox控件
（1）创建listbox控件
Value的值和list内容一一对应。
(2)添加按钮
（3）添加可编辑文本
(4)按钮函数添加回调函数
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');%得到listbox1中String中的字符串，列表格式 index_x=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');%列表的下标 set(handles.edit1,'String',str(index_x));%将字符串显示在可编辑文本框中
y轴的回调函数同理。
(5)CreatFcn函数（listbox将参数函数化）
function listbox1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to listbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: listbox controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
t=0:0.01:2*pi;
canshu1=t;
canshu2=sin(t);
canshu3=cos(t);
canshu4=sin(t)+cos(t);
创建新的结构体，保存handles结构体
cl=[canshu1;canshu2;canshu3;canshu4];%创建新的结构体,注意一定使用分号，否则得到的是一串数字。或者使用元胞格式，但是注意调试数据获取方式 handles.cl=cl; guidata(hObject,handles);%更新handles结构体
（6）回调函数中，选择的x,y轴参数赋值
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');%得到listbox1中String中的字符串，列表格式 index_x=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');%列表的下标 set(handles.edit1,'String',str(index_x));%将字符串显示在可编辑文本框中 x=handles.cl(index_x,:);%选择的x轴的数值 handles.x=x;%必须定义新的handles，否则没法传递到下一个函数 guidata(hObject,handles)
y轴同理
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) str=get(handles.listbox1,'String'); index_y=get(handles.listbox1,'Value'); set(handles.edit2,'String',str(index_y)); y=handles.cl(index_y,:); handles.y=y; guidata(hObject,handles)
（7）创建绘图按钮和坐标轴，并且添加绘图按钮回调函数
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) axes(handles.axes2);%选中你要画图的坐标系 plot(handles.x,handles.y); grid on axis equal
元胞数组形式的全部程序
function varargout = list_1(varargin)
% LIST_1 MATLAB code for list_1.fig
% LIST_1, by itself, creates a new LIST_1 or raises the existing
% singleton*.
%
% H = LIST_1 returns the handle to a new LIST_1 or the handle to
% the existing singleton*.
%
% LIST_1('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
% function named CALLBACK in LIST_1.M with the given input arguments.
%
% LIST_1('Property','Value',...) creates a new LIST_1 or raises the
% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are
% applied to the GUI before list_1_OpeningFcn gets called. An
% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
% stop. All inputs are passed to list_1_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one
% instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES
% Edit the above text to modify the response to help list_1
% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 23-Nov-2017 00:35:23
% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...
'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...
'gui_OpeningFcn', @list_1_OpeningFcn, ...
'gui_OutputFcn', @list_1_OutputFcn, ...
'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...
'gui_Callback', []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end
if nargout
[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
% --- Executes just before list_1 is made visible.
function list_1_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin command line arguments to list_1 (see VARARGIN)
% Choose default command line output for list_1
handles.output = hObject;
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
% UIWAIT makes list_1 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);
% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = list_1_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;
% --- Executes on selection change in listbox1.
function listbox1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to listbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns listbox1 contents as cell array
% contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from listbox1
% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function listbox1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to listbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: listbox controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
t=0:0.01:2*pi;
canshu1=t;
canshu2=sin(t);
canshu3=cos(t);
canshu4=sin(t)+cos(t);
cl={canshu1,canshu2,canshu3,canshu4};%元胞数组创建新的结构体
handles.cl=cl;
guidata(hObject,handles)%更新handles结构体
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');%得到listbox1中String中的字符串，列表格式
index_x=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');%列表的下标
set(handles.edit1,'String',str(index_x));%将字符串显示在可编辑文本框中
x=handles.cl{index_x};%选择的x轴的数值
handles.x=x;%handles化
guidata(hObject,handles)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');
index_y=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');
set(handles.edit2,'String',str(index_y));
y=handles.cl{index_y};%注意使用花括号
handles.y=y;%创建新的元胞数组传递数值
guidata(hObject,handles)
function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text
% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double
% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text
% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double
% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
axes(handles.axes2);%选中你要画图的坐标系
plot(handles.x,handles.y);
grid on
axis equal
注意整个实例是利用handles来传递全局变量。
字符的一开始参数化，编程很好的思想。
10、菜单编辑
（1）创建菜单编辑器
（2）创建坐标轴
（3）添加回调函数
function sin_x_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to sin_x (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
x=0:0.01:2*pi;
axes(handles.axes1);
handles.h=plot(x,sin(x));%创建画图句柄
grid on
title('正弦曲线')
guidata(hObject,handles)%保存句柄
% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function cos_x_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to cos_x (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
x=0:0.01:2*pi;
axes(handles.axes1);
handles.h=plot(x,cos(x));%创建画图句柄
grid on
title('余弦曲线')
guidata(hObject,handles)%保存句柄
(4)添加上下文菜单
更改坐标轴设置
（5）添加颜色、线宽回调函数
% -------------------------------------------------------------------- function red_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to red (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) set(handles.h,'color','red')%设置红色 % -------------------------------------------------------------------- function yellow_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to yellow (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) set(handles.h,'color','y') % -------------------------------------------------------------------- function grean_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to grean (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) set(handles.h,'color','g')
function linewidth_1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to linewidth_1 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) set(handles.h,'linewidth',2)%线宽 % -------------------------------------------------------------------- function linewidth_2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles) % hObject handle to linewidth_2 (see GCBO) % eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) set(handles.h,'linewidth',4)%线宽
