iOS开发中的各种权限判断
iOS开发中的这些权限,你搞懂了吗?
作者:Jack_lin(公众号ID:iOSDevSkills)
写在前面
APP开发避免不开系统权限的问题,如何在APP以更加友好的方式向用户展示系统权限,似乎也是开发过程中值得深思的一件事。
那如何提高APP获取iOS系统权限的通过率呢?有以下几种方式:1.在用户打开APP时就向用户请求权限;2.告知用户授权权限后能够获得好处之后,再向用户请求权限;3.在绝对必要的情况下才向用户请求权限,例如:用户访问照片库时请求访问系统相册权限;4.在展示系统权限的对话框前,先向用户显示自定义的对话框,若用户选择不允许,默认无操作,若用户选择允许,再展示系统对话框。
上述情况在开发过程中是经常遇到的,不同方式的选择会影响最后用户交互体验。这一点感悟正是源于上一周工作遇到的问题:适配iOS10,如何获取应用联网权限用以管理系统对话框的显示管理。当我把这个问题解决后,感觉有必要将常用的iOS系统权限做一个总结,以便后用。
权限分类
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联网权限
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相册权限
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相机、麦克风权限
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定位权限
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推送权限
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通讯录权限
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日历、备忘录权限
联网权限
引入头文件 @import CoreTelephony;
应用启动后,检测应用中是否有联网权限
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CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init]; cellularData.cellularDataRestrictionDidUpdateNotifier = ^(CTCellularDataRestrictedState state){ //获取联网状态 switch (state) { case kCTCellularDataRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricrted" ); break ; case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted: NSLog(@ "Not Restricted" ); break ; case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown: NSLog(@ "Unknown" ); break ; default : break ; }; }; |
查询应用是否有联网功能
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CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init]; CTCellularDataRestrictedState state = cellularData.restrictedState; switch (state) { case kCTCellularDataRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricrted" ); break ; case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted: NSLog(@ "Not Restricted" ); break ; case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown: NSLog(@ "Unknown" ); break ; default : break ; } |
相册权限
iOS 9.0之前
导入头文件@import AssetsLibrary;
检查是否有相册权限
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ALAuthorizationStatus status = [ALAssetsLibrary authorizationStatus]; switch (status) { case ALAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); break ; case ALAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied" ); break ; case ALAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } |
相册权限--iOS 8.0之后
导入头文件@import Photos;
检查是否有相册权限
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PHAuthorizationStatus photoAuthorStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus]; switch (photoAuthorStatus) { case PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); break ; case PHAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied" ); break ; case PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } |
![Uploading 144446-b8aca7ba38c5f8c0_695906.png . . .]获取相册权限
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[PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) { if (status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) { NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); } else { NSLog(@ "Denied or Restricted" ); } }]; |
相机和麦克风权限
导入头文件@import AVFoundation;
检查是否有相机或麦克风权限
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AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo]; //相机权限 AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio]; //麦克风权限 switch (AVstatus) { case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); break ; case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied" ); break ; case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } |
获取相机或麦克风权限
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[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) { //相机权限 if (granted) { NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); } else { NSLog(@ "Denied or Restricted" ); } }]; [AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) { //麦克风权限 if (granted) { NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); } else { NSLog(@ "Denied or Restricted" ); } }]; |
定位权限
导入头文件@import CoreLocation;
由于iOS8.0之后定位方法的改变,需要在info.plist中进行配置;
配置文件
检查是否有定位权限
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BOOL isLocation = [CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled]; if (!isLocation) { NSLog(@ "not turn on the location" ); } CLAuthorizationStatus CLstatus = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus]; switch (CLstatus) { case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways: NSLog(@ "Always Authorized" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse: NSLog(@ "AuthorizedWhenInUse" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } |
获取定位权限
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CLLocationManager *manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init]; [manager requestAlwaysAuthorization]; //一直获取定位信息 [manager requestWhenInUseAuthorization]; //使用的时候获取定位信息 |
在代理方法中查看权限是否改变
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- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status{ switch (status) { case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways: NSLog(@ "Always Authorized" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse: NSLog(@ "AuthorizedWhenInUse" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } } |
推送权限
检查是否有通讯权限
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UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings]; switch (settings.types) { case UIUserNotificationTypeNone: NSLog(@ "None" ); break ; case UIUserNotificationTypeAlert: NSLog(@ "Alert Notification" ); break ; case UIUserNotificationTypeBadge: NSLog(@ "Badge Notification" ); break ; case UIUserNotificationTypeSound: NSLog(@ "sound Notification'" ); break ; default : break ; } |
获取推送权限
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UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil]; [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:setting]; |
通讯录权限
iOS 9.0之前
导入头文件 @import AddressBook;
检查是否有通讯录权限
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ABAuthorizationStatus ABstatus = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus(); switch (ABstatus) { case kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); break ; case kABAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied'" ); break ; case kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case kABAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } |
获取通讯录权限
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ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL); ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) { if (granted) { NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); CFRelease(addressBook); } else { NSLog(@ "Denied or Restricted" ); } }); |
iOS 9.0及以后
导入头文件 @import Contacts;
检查是否有通讯录权限
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CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts]; switch (status) { case CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: { NSLog(@ "Authorized:" ); } break ; case CNAuthorizationStatusDenied:{ NSLog(@ "Denied" ); } break ; case CNAuthorizationStatusRestricted:{ NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); } break ; case CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{ NSLog(@ "NotDetermined" ); } break ; } |
获取通讯录权限
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CNContactStore *contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init]; [contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) { if (granted) { NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); } else { NSLog(@ "Denied or Restricted" ); } }]; |
日历、备忘录权限
导入头文件
检查是否有日历或者备忘录权限
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typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, EKEntityType) { EKEntityTypeEvent, //日历 EKEntityTypeReminder //备忘 }; |
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EKAuthorizationStatus EKstatus = [EKEventStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent]; switch (EKstatus) { case EKAuthorizationStatusAuthorized: NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); break ; case EKAuthorizationStatusDenied: NSLog(@ "Denied'" ); break ; case EKAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined: NSLog(@ "not Determined" ); break ; case EKAuthorizationStatusRestricted: NSLog(@ "Restricted" ); break ; default : break ; } |
获取日历或备忘录权限
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EKEventStore *store = [[EKEventStore alloc]init]; [store requestAccessToEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) { if (granted) { NSLog(@ "Authorized" ); } else { NSLog(@ "Denied or Restricted" ); } }]; |
最后一点
素有获取权限的方法,多用于用户第一次操作应用,iOS 8.0之后,将这些设置都整合在一起,并且可以开启或关闭相应的权限。所有的权限都可以通过下面的方法打开:
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[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString]]; |
上述的权限多为经常用到的权限,当然不会很全面,大家如有需要其他的权限,可以在下方评论,我会及时加上去的。
希望这篇文章能够给大家的开发带来一些便利。