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Request 和 Response 原理

* Request 和 Response 原理:


    * request对象和response对象由服务器创建,我们只需要在service方法中使用这两个对象即可
    
    * 继承体系结构:
        ServletRequest <--继承-- HttpServletRequest <--实现--- RequestFacade

* Response:封装响应消息,设置响应消息
    * 设置响应行:HTTP/1.1 200 ok
        * setStatus(int code):设置响应状态码
            * 演示重定向:302
                //简化版的重定向
                response.sendRedirect("http://192.168.1.66:8080/zxc/one");
                
                * 实现原理
                //1.设置响应状态码为 302
                response.setStatus(302);
                //2.设置响应头 location
                response.setHeader("location", "http://192.168.1.66:8080/zxc/one");
        
    * 设置响应头:
        * setHeader(String name,String value):
        * setDateHeader(String name, long date)
        * setIntHeader(String name, int value)

    * 设置响应体:
        * getOutputStream():发送字节数据
            * 验证码:
                * 防止恶意注册
        
        * getWriter():发送字符数据
            * 发送中文数据时,需要在获取流之前设置编码方式,并且要告诉客户端浏览器,服务器使用的编码方式
                //简化版设置编码的方式
                response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

 1 package Response;
 2 
 3 import java.io.IOException;
 4 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 5 
 6 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
10 
11 public class ResponseTest extends HttpServlet {
12 
13     
14     private static final long serialVersionUID = -3007244764565301466L;
15 
16     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
17             throws ServletException, IOException {
18     /*
19      * 设置响应消息体:
20      *     getOutputStream():发送字节数据
21      *     getWriter():发送字符数据
22      */
23         /*
24         //设置流的编码方式
25         response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
26         //告诉客户端,服务器使用的编码方式
27         response.setHeader("content-type", "text/html;charset=utf-8");
28         */
29         
30         //设置编码方式
31         response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
32         //获取字符输出流
33         PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();//默认编码是 iso-8859-1
34         //设置数据
35         pw.write("<h3>你好啊 ! response...</h3>");
36         //刷新
37         pw.flush();
38     }
39 
40     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
41             throws ServletException, IOException {
42         this.doGet(request, response);
43 
44     }
45 
46 }

 


* Request:封装请求消息,获取请求消息
    * 获取请求消息:
        * 获取请求行:GET /day08/req1?name=zs HTTP/1.1
            * getMethod():获取请求方式
            * getContextPath():获取虚拟目录
            
            * getRequestURI():获取URI(统一资源标识符)    /day07/one        /one
            * getRequestURL():获取URL(统一资源定位符)    http://localhost:8080/day07/one
            * getRemoteAddr():获取客户机的IP地址
            
            * getQueryString():get方式获取请求参数
        * 获取请求头:
            * String getHeader(String name)
            * long getDateHeader(String name)
            * int getIntHeader(String name)  
            
            

 1 package Request;
 2 
 3 import java.io.IOException;
 4 
 5 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 6 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 9 
10 public class RequestTest2 extends HttpServlet {
11 
12     private static final long serialVersionUID = -5095708647887091449L;
13 
14     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
15             throws ServletException, IOException {
16 
17         //获取请求头
18         String agent = request.getHeader("user-agent");
19         System.out.println(agent);
20         
21         if(agent.contains("MSIE")){
22             System.out.println("IE  来了...");
23         }else if(agent.contains("Firefox")){
24             System.out.println("火狐   来了...");
25         }else if(agent.contains("Chrome")){
26             System.out.println("谷歌    来了...");
27         }else{
28             System.out.println("其他浏览器  来了...");
29         }
30         
31         System.err.println("..............................");
32     }
33 
34     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
35             throws ServletException, IOException {
36         this.doGet(request, response);
37 
38     }
39 
40 }

 


        * 获取请求体:封装post请求参数数据
            * BufferedReader getReader():
            * ServletInputStream getInputStream():
        
        
            * 通用的获取请求参数的方式:
                * String getParameter(String name):根据键名获取值
                * String[] getParameterValues(String name):根据键名获取值的数组,一般用于复选框
                * Map<String,String[]> getParameterMap():获取所有参数的map集合
                * Enumeration getParameterNames():获取所有的键名枚举
        
        

 1 package Request;
 2 
 3 import java.io.IOException;
 4 
 5 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 6 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 9 
10 public class RequestTest extends HttpServlet {
11 
12     private static final long serialVersionUID = 4919849090529066482L;
13 
14     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
15             throws ServletException, IOException {
16 
17         //演示获取请求行数据
18         
19         System.out.println(request.getMethod());//获取请求发式
20         System.out.println(request.getContextPath());//获取虚拟目录
21         System.out.println(request.getRequestURI());//获取URI
22         System.out.println(request.getRequestURL());//获取URL
23         System.out.println(request.getRemoteAddr());//获取ip
24         System.out.println(request.getQueryString());//获取请求参数
25         System.out.println(request.getProtocol());//获取协议
26         
27         System.err.println("--------------------------");
28         
29         response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/index.jsp");
30     }
31 
32     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
33             throws ServletException, IOException {
34         this.doGet(request, response);
35 
36     }
37 
38 }

 

 

   * 请求参数中文乱码问题:
                1.通用:
                    //1.解码  iso
                    byte[] bytes = username.getBytes("iso-8859-1");
                    //2.编码 utf-8
                    username = new String(bytes, "utf-8");
                2.post专用
                    //设置输入流的编码为 utf-8
                    request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
    
    * 域对象:代表一次请求
    
    * 请求转发:
        * 转发特点:
            1.地址栏不发生变化
            2.一次请求,一次响应
            3.不能转发外部站点

 1 package Request;
 2 
 3 import java.io.IOException;
 4 
 5 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 6 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 9 
10 public class RequestTest7 extends HttpServlet {
11 
12     private static final long serialVersionUID = 3744695995118989884L;
13 
14     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
15             throws ServletException, IOException {
16 
17         System.out.println("req7 被访问了。。。");
18         
19         //存储数据
20         request.setAttribute("msg", "hehehe...");
21         
22         //转发至req
23         request.getRequestDispatcher("/req").forward(request, response);
24     }
25 
26     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
27             throws ServletException, IOException {
28         this.doGet(request, response);
29 
30     }
31 
32 }

 


        * 重定向的特点:
            1.地址栏发生变化
            2.两次请求,两次响应
            3.可以访问外部的站点

 1 package Response;
 2 
 3 import java.io.IOException;
 4 
 5 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 6 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 9 
10 public class ResponseTest2 extends HttpServlet {
11 
12     /**
13      * 
14      */
15     private static final long serialVersionUID = -449184946348811489L;
16 
17     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
18             throws ServletException, IOException {
19 
20         System.out.println("resp2 被访问了。。。");
21         //演示重定向
22         //1.设置相应状态码 302
23         response.setStatus(302);
24         
25         //2.设置相应头  location
26         //注意: http:// 不可以少
27         //response.setHeader("location", "http://192.168.1.66:8080/zxc/resp");
28         
29         //简化版的重定向
30         response.sendRedirect("http://192.168.1.66:8080/zxc/resp");
31     }
32 
33     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
34             throws ServletException, IOException {
35         this.doGet(request, response);
36 
37     }
38 
39 }

 

posted on 2016-01-30 21:52  Jusenr/荣雪-rongsnow  阅读(1697)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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