minikube 安装试用

目前使用k8s 要么用的物理机搭建的环境，要么就是使用docker for mac 中kubernetes 的特性，为了本地调试方便，使用下minikube

minukube 包含的特性

• 负载均衡器
• 多集群
• nodeports 支持
• 持久化数据卷
• ingress
• dashboard
• 执行容器运行时
• 配置apiserver 以及kubelet选项
• addons 支持
• nvidia GPU 支持
• 文件系统挂载

下载安装包

直接可以在github 下载

配置环境变量

配置到path 路径即可

启动

minukube 实际上是kubeadm 安装的，同时minikube 在启动的时候我们可以配置比较多的参数，比如执行镜像源，配置docker 加速
配置主机内存的大小

• 启动命令

 

minikube start --help

帮助内容

Starts a local kubernetes cluster

Options:

      --apiserver-ips=[]: A set of apiserver IP Addresses which are used in the generated

certificate for kubernetes. This can be used if you want to make the apiserver available from

outside the machine

      --apiserver-name='minikubeCA': The apiserver name which is used in the generated certificate

for kubernetes. This can be used if you want to make the apiserver available from outside the

machine

      --apiserver-names=[]: A set of apiserver names which are used in the generated certificate for

kubernetes. This can be used if you want to make the apiserver available from outside the machine

      --apiserver-port=8443: The apiserver listening port

      --cache-images=true: If true, cache docker images for the current bootstrapper and load them

into the machine. Always false with --vm-driver=none.

      --container-runtime='docker': The container runtime to be used (docker, crio, containerd)

      --cpus=2: Number of CPUs allocated to the minikube VM

      --cri-socket='': The cri socket path to be used

      --disable-driver-mounts=false: Disables the filesystem mounts provided by the hypervisors

      --disk-size='20000mb': Disk size allocated to the minikube VM (format: <number>[<unit>], where

unit = b, k, m or g)

      --dns-domain='cluster.local': The cluster dns domain name used in the kubernetes cluster

      --dns-proxy=false: Enable proxy for NAT DNS requests (virtualbox)

      --docker-env=[]: Environment variables to pass to the Docker daemon. (format: key=value)

      --docker-opt=[]: Specify arbitrary flags to pass to the Docker daemon. (format: key=value)

      --download-only=false: If true, only download and cache files for later use - don't install or

start anything.

      --enable-default-cni=false: Enable the default CNI plugin (/etc/cni/net.d/k8s.conf). Used in

conjunction with "--network-plugin=cni"

      --extra-config=: A set of key=value pairs that describe configuration that may be passed to

different components.

  The key should be '.' separated, and the first part before the dot is the component to apply the

configuration to.

  Valid components are: kubelet, kubeadm, apiserver, controller-manager, etcd, proxy, scheduler

  Valid kubeadm parameters: ignore-preflight-errors, dry-run, kubeconfig, kubeconfig-dir, node-name,

cri-socket, experimental-upload-certs, certificate-key, rootfs, pod-network-cidr

      --feature-gates='': A set of key=value pairs that describe feature gates for

alpha/experimental features.

      --host-dns-resolver=true: Enable host resolver for NAT DNS requests (virtualbox)

      --host-only-cidr='192.168.99.1/24': The CIDR to be used for the minikube VM (only supported

with Virtualbox driver)

      --hyperkit-vpnkit-sock='': Location of the VPNKit socket used for networking. If empty,

disables Hyperkit VPNKitSock, if 'auto' uses Docker for Mac VPNKit connection, otherwise uses the

specified VSock.

      --hyperkit-vsock-ports=[]: List of guest VSock ports that should be exposed as sockets on the

host (Only supported on with hyperkit now).

      --hyperv-virtual-switch='': The hyperv virtual switch name. Defaults to first found. (only

supported with HyperV driver)

      --image-mirror-country='': Country code of the image mirror to be used. Leave empty to use the

global one. For Chinese mainland users, set it to cn

      --image-repository='': Alternative image repository to pull docker images from. This can be

used when you have limited access to gcr.io. Set it to "auto" to let minikube decide one for you.

For Chinese mainland users, you may use local gcr.io mirrors such as

registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers

      --insecure-registry=[]: Insecure Docker registries to pass to the Docker daemon. The default

service CIDR range will automatically be added.

      --iso-url='https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/iso/minikube-v1.3.0.iso': Location of the

minikube iso

      --keep-context=false: This will keep the existing kubectl context and will create a minikube

context.

      --kubernetes-version='v1.15.2': The kubernetes version that the minikube VM will use (ex:

v1.2.3)

      --kvm-gpu=false: Enable experimental NVIDIA GPU support in minikube

      --kvm-hidden=false: Hide the hypervisor signature from the guest in minikube

      --kvm-network='default': The KVM network name. (only supported with KVM driver)

      --kvm-qemu-uri='qemu:///system': The KVM QEMU connection URI. (works only with kvm2 driver on

linux)

      --memory='2000mb': Amount of RAM allocated to the minikube VM (format: <number>[<unit>], where

unit = b, k, m or g)

      --mount=false: This will start the mount daemon and automatically mount files into minikube

      --mount-string='/Users:/minikube-host': The argument to pass the minikube mount command on

start

      --network-plugin='': The name of the network plugin

      --nfs-share=[]: Local folders to share with Guest via NFS mounts (Only supported on with

hyperkit now)

      --nfs-shares-root='/nfsshares': Where to root the NFS Shares (defaults to /nfsshares, only

supported with hyperkit now)

      --no-vtx-check=false: Disable checking for the availability of hardware virtualization before

the vm is started (virtualbox)

      --registry-mirror=[]: Registry mirrors to pass to the Docker daemon

      --service-cluster-ip-range='10.96.0.0/12': The CIDR to be used for service cluster IPs.

      --uuid='': Provide VM UUID to restore MAC address (only supported with Hyperkit driver).

      --vm-driver='virtualbox': VM driver is one of: [virtualbox parallels vmwarefusion hyperkit

vmware]

      --wait=true: Wait until Kubernetes core services are healthy before exiting

​

Usage:

  minikube start [flags] [options]

​

• 启动
  从上边的帮助上我们可以看出还是比较全的参数控制，启动也比较简单

minikube start --image-mirror-country=cn --registry-mirror=https://b3uey254.mirror.aliyuncs.com

效果

😄  minikube v1.3.1 on Darwin 10.13.6

✅  Using image repository registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers

💡  Tip: Use 'minikube start -p <name>' to create a new cluster, or 'minikube delete' to delete this one.

🏃  Using the running virtualbox "minikube" VM ...

⌛  Waiting for the host to be provisioned ...

🐳  Preparing Kubernetes v1.15.2 on Docker 18.09.8 ...

 

启动ingress && 运行一个简单的demo

• 通过addons 的方式启动ingress

minikube addons enable ingress

• 运行简单deploy（nginx服务）

kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --port=80

• 暴露服务

kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --target-port=80

• 创建ingress

yaml 定义 ingress.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1

kind: Ingress

metadata:

  name: nginx

spec:

  rules:

  - host: mynginx.dalong.com

    http:

      paths:

      - path: /

        backend:

          serviceName: nginx

          servicePort: 80

 

 

运行
kubectl apply -f ingress.yaml

• 配置本机host

获取minikube ip

 

minikube ip

写入host 文件
比如我的

192.168.99.102 mynginx.dalong.com

• 访问效果

 

 

 

minukube 几个方便的 命令

• dashboard

minikube dashboard

 

 

 

效果

 

 

• ssh
  登陆进kuberenete 的环境

 

minukue ssh

效果

 

 

• 获取minikube ip
  ip 可以用来快速访问环境

 

minikube ip

• 其他命令
  比如mount 进行文件挂载logs 查看日志

说明

使用mnikube 对于开发者是比较方便的，本地可以随意部署kuberntes 环境并销毁，同时官方也比较人性，考虑了中国的实际情况,同时对于依赖的镜像
minikube 会cache，位置在~/.minikube/cache/images/ 对于我们来说可以快速的启动kubernetes 环境

参考资料

https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube
https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/