WSL安装以及建立ssh连接

简介：

WSL，全称Windows Subsystem for Linux，是一种由Microsoft开发的功能，允许在Windows操作系统上运行本机Linux应用程序。通过WSL，用户可以在Windows环境中使用Linux命令行工具和实用程序，而无需虚拟机或双重启动系统。

WSL安装以及使用步骤

第一步：启用如下两种功能（需要重启电脑）

第2步：在微软应用商店搜索ubuntu，选择相应的版本进行下载即可

下载完成，输入密码就可以使用了，ubuntu24自带vim，推荐使用插件安装：Neovim,htop,net-tools,neofetch

第3步：已经实现window文件系统自动挂载到/mnt目录下，可以运行windows系统下的相应文件（重要）

OpenSSH Server Setup in WSL

第1步：安装ufw(Uncomplicated Firewal)

sudo apt install ufw

第2步：开放22端口

sudo ufw allow 22

遇到报错：

xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~$ sudo ufw allow 22
ERROR: Couldn't determine iptables version

解决：

By default it uses iptables-nft. When changes to iptables-legacy

xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~$ update-alternatives --list iptables
/usr/sbin/iptables-legacy
/usr/sbin/iptables-nft
xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~$ update-alternatives --list iptables
/usr/sbin/iptables-legacy
/usr/sbin/iptables-nft
xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~$ sudo update-alternatives --set iptables /usr/sbin/iptables-legacy
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/iptables-legacy to provide /usr/sbin/iptables (iptables) in manual mode
xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~$ sudo ufw allow 22
Rules updated

第3步：安装 `openssh-server`从而安装 SSH 服务器守护程序

sudo apt install openssh-server

第4步：开启ssh

xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~$ sudo service ssh start
[sudo] password for xurong:
Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshd.

第4步：生成密钥

C:\Users\Administrator\.ssh>ssh-keygen -t rsa

第5步：将cmd中生成的id_rsa.pub复制一份到linux

5-1：需要到/home/username中创建.ssh目录，然后创建要给文件夹（文件随便命名）

xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~$ pwd
/home/xurong
xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~$ mkdir .ssh
xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~$ cd .ssh/
xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~/.ssh$ touch authorized_keys

5-2:将刚刚windows生成的公共密钥（id_rsa.pub）复制到authorization_key中

xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~/.ssh$ sudo cp /mnt/c/Users/Administrator/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /home/xurong/.ssh/authorized_keys
xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~/.ssh$ sudo service ssh restart
Restarting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshd.

此处注意：WSL(Windows Subsystem for Linux)会自动将硬盘挂载到mnt目录下,所以上面我直接将C盘中id_rsa.pub密钥复制到/home/xurong/.ssh/authorized_keys中：

第6步:ssh测试连接成功

C:\Users\Administrator>ssh xurong@192.168.xx.xx
The authenticity of host '192.168.xx.xx (192.168.xx.xx)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:nQNRHxQrOLq0DqneTENxyiVFaNW085Bf0YiBozk2e7E.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.xx.xx' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
Enter passphrase for key 'C:\Users\Administrator/.ssh/id_rsa':
Linux DESKTOP-SOE9MG1 4.4.0-19041-Microsoft #4355-Microsoft Thu Apr 12 17:37:00 PST 2024 x86_64

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
xurong@DESKTOP-SOE9MG1:~$

补充：

出现如下错误：

@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@    WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!     @
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!
Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!
It is also possible that a host key has just been changed.
The fingerprint for the ECDSA key sent by the remote host is
85:82:b1:58:20:21:a5:da:be:24:e8:14:9a:12:b2:d2.
Please contact your system administrator.
Add correct host key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.
Offending ECDSA key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:5
ECDSA host key for 192.168.xx.xx has changed and you have requested strict checking.
Host key verification failed.

解决办法：

1.删除192.168.xx.xx相关IP信息