asp.net状态管理小示例
开学了，一直拖到今天才决定来学校， 这个期间变懒了许多，没有做什么，只是有点闷骚型的真实感悟。己所不欲勿施于人，人性本自私，但要宽容与大度，钱永远不够，亲情弥足珍贵。
本来不打算写博客了，但是开学校时间有比较多，还是打算继续写点东西，写东西的时候心也会安静很多，这里做一个asp.net的综合小例子拿出来给新学习的同学看看，全部 集中在一个程序里了可能有点凌乱。当然里面涉及到几处关于sqlserver，sessionstate等相关的服务和config文件的配置，但是由于简单，估计大家也会所以也就不写出来了。
页面显示效果如下：
例子很简单而且也很基础就直接贴代码了，如果有需要补充说明的以后补充的写点注释：
前台页面代码如下：
1 <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="statusManager.aspx.cs" Inherits="statusManager"%> 2 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> 3 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 4 <head runat="server"> 5 <title>状态管理测试</title> 6 <style type="text/css"> 7 .style1 8 { 9 position: absolute; 10 top: 100px; 11 left: 232px; 12 height: 250px; 13 bottom: 166px; 14 width: 769px; 15 } 16 </style> 17 </head> 18 <body> 19 <form id="form1" runat="server"> 20 <div style="text-align: center; background-color: Burlywood;" class="style1"> 21 <br /> 22 <asp:Button ID="btn_SaveCookie" runat="server" Text="保存Cookie" OnClick="btn_SaveCookie_Click" /> 23 24 <asp:Button ID="btn_ReadCookie" runat="server" Text="读取Cookie" OnClick="btn_ReadCookie_Click" /> 25 26 <asp:Button ID="btn_ModifyCookie" runat="server" Text="修改Cookie" OnClick="btn_ModifyCookie_Click" /> 27 28 <asp:Button ID="btn_DeleteCookie" runat="server" Text="删除Cookie" OnClick="btn_DeleteCookie_Click" /> 29 <br /> 30 <br /> 31 <asp:Button ID="btn_WriteSession" runat="server" Text="写入Session" OnClick="btn_WriteSession_Click" /> 32 33 <asp:Button ID="btn_ReadSession" runat="server" Text="读取Session" OnClick="btn_ReadSession_Click" /> 34 <br /> 35 <br /> 36 <asp:Button ID="btn_GetDataFromsqlServerCache" runat="server" Text="验证数据库缓存读取数据" 37 OnClick="btn_GetDataFromsqlServerCache_Click" Width="156px" /> 38 39 <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="从缓存中读取数据" OnClick="btn_GetDataFromCache_Click" /> 40 <asp:Button ID="btn_GetDataFromDb" runat="server" Text="从数据库中读取数据" OnClick="btn_GetDataFromDb_Click" /> 41 <br /> 42 <br /> 43 <asp:Button ID="btn_InsertNoExpirationCache" runat="server" Text="插入永不过期的缓存" OnClick="btn_InsertNoExpirationCache_Click" /> 44 <asp:Button ID="btn_InsertAbsoluteExpirationCache" runat="server" Text="插入绝对时间过期的缓存" 45 OnClick="btn_InsertAbsoluteExpirationCache_Click" /> 46 <asp:Button ID="btn_InsertSlidingExpirationCache" runat="server" Text="插入变化时间过期的缓存" 47 OnClick="btn_InsertSlidingExpirationCache_Click" /> 48 <br /> 49 <br /> 50 <asp:Button ID="btn_ModifyFile" runat="server" Text="修改文件" OnClick="btn_ModifyFile_Click" /> <asp:Button ID="btn_AddFileDependencyCache" runat="server" Text="插入文件依赖" OnClick="btn_AddFileDependencyCache_Click" /> 51 <asp:Button ID="btn_SetPageCache" runat="server" Text="遍历删除所有的缓存" 52 onclick="btn_SetPageCache_Click" /> 53 <asp:Button ID="btn_DependencySqlserver" runat="server" Text="插入数据库缓存依赖" 54 onclick="btn_DependencySqlserver_Click" Width="158px" /> 55 <asp:Button ID="btn_RemoveCache" runat="server" Text="移除单个缓存" 56 onclick="btn_RemoveCache_Click" /> 57 <br /> 58 <br /> 59 <asp:Button ID="btn_PassiveUpdate" runat="server" Text="缓存被动更新" 60 onclick="btn_PassiveUpdate_Click" Width="100px" /> 61 62 <asp:Button ID="btn_InsertActiveUpdataCache" runat="server" Text="缓存自动更新" 63 onclick="btn_InsertActiveUpdataCache_Click" Width="101px" /> 64 65 <asp:Button ID="btn_AddViewState" runat="server" Text="设置ViewState" 66 onclick="btn_AddViewState_Click" Width="106px" /> 67 68 <asp:Button ID="btn_decompileViewState" runat="server" Text="反编译ViewState" 69 onclick="btn_decompileViewState_Click" Width="121px" /> 70 71 <asp:Button ID="btn_ControlState" runat="server" Text="ControlState读取字符" 72 onclick="btn_ControlState_Click" Width="148px" /> 73 <br /> 74 <br /> 75 </div> 76 </form> 77 </body> 78 </html>
后台代码如下：
1 using System; 2 using System.Web; 3 using System.Data; 4 using System.Data.SqlClient; 5 using System.Configuration; 6 using System.Diagnostics; 7 using System.IO; 8 using System.Web.Caching; 9 using System.Collections; 10 using System.Xml.Serialization; 11 12 public partial class statusManager : System.Web.UI.Page 13 { 14 protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 15 { 16 if (!IsPostBack) 17 { 18 Application.Lock(); 19 Application["PageClick"] = (int)Application["PageClick"] + 1; 20 Application.UnLock(); 21 Response.Write(string.Format("页面单击数:{0}<br/>", Application["PageClick"])); 22 Response.Write(string.Format("用户访问数:{0}<br/>", Application["UserVisit"])); 23 } 24 } 25 protected void btn_SaveCookie_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 26 { 27 //HttpCookie SingValueCookie = new HttpCookie("test1", "单值Cookie"); 28 HttpCookie SingValueCookie = new HttpCookie("test1"); 29 SingValueCookie.Value = "单值Cookie"; 30 SingValueCookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1); 31 Response.Cookies.Add(SingValueCookie); 32 HttpCookie MultValueCookie = new HttpCookie("test2"); 33 // MultValueCookie.Values["key1"]= "value1"; 34 //MultValueCookie.Values["key2"]="value2"; 35 MultValueCookie.Values.Add("key1", "value1"); 36 MultValueCookie.Values.Add("key2", "value2"); 37 MultValueCookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1); 38 Response.Cookies.Add(MultValueCookie); 39 } 40 protected void btn_ReadCookie_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 41 { 42 HttpCookie SingleValueCookie = Request.Cookies["test1"]; 43 if (SingleValueCookie != null) 44 { 45 Response.Write(string.Format("Key:{0} Value:{1} Expires:{2}<br/>", "test1", SingleValueCookie.Value, SingleValueCookie.Expires)); 46 } 47 HttpCookie MultValueCookie = Request.Cookies["test2"]; 48 if (MultValueCookie != null) 49 { 50 Response.Write(string.Format("Key:{0} Value:{1} Expires:{2}<br/>", "test2", MultValueCookie.Value, MultValueCookie.Expires)); 51 foreach (string subkey in MultValueCookie.Values.AllKeys) 52 { 53 Response.Write(string.Format("Key:{0} Value:{1} Expires:{2}<br/>", "test2", MultValueCookie.Values[subkey], MultValueCookie.Expires)); 54 } 55 } 56 } 57 protected void btn_DeleteCookie_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 58 { 59 //HttpCookie SingleValueCookie = Request.Cookies["test1"]; 60 //SingleValueCookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-1); 61 //Response.Cookies.Add(SingleValueCookie); 62 foreach (string key in Request.Cookies.AllKeys) 63 { 64 HttpCookie cookie = Request.Cookies[key]; 65 cookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-1); 66 Response.Cookies.Add(cookie); 67 } 68 } 69 protected void btn_ModifyCookie_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 70 { 71 HttpCookie SingleValueCookie = Request.Cookies["test1"]; 72 SingleValueCookie.Value = "修改后的单值Cookie"; 73 Response.Cookies.Add(SingleValueCookie); 74 } 75 /*存储SessionID（24位）的模式 76 * 1.Cookie (默认的) 77 * 2.URL:cookie功能开启与否不再影响Session的使用，缺点是不能在使用绝对链接 78 * 存储Session内容的模式 79 * 1.InPrc(默认)Session默认存储在IIS进程中(Web服务器内存) 80 * 2.StateServer Session存储在独立的windows服务进程中，可以不是Web服务器 81 * 3.sqlServer Session存储在sqlServer数据库的表中（sqlserver服务器） 82 */ 83 protected void btn_WriteSession_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 84 { 85 86 //MyUser user = new MyUser(); 87 //user.sUserName = "小朱"; 88 //user.Age = 25; 89 Session["SimpleString"] = "这是一个简单的Session测试"; 90 MyUser user = new MyUser { sUserName = "小朱", Age = 25 }; 91 Session["CustomClass"] = user; 92 // Session.Abandon(); 93 //IEnumerator SessionEnum = Session.Keys.GetEnumerator(); 94 //while (SessionEnum.MoveNext()) 95 //{ 96 // // Response.Write(Session[SessionEnum.Current.ToString()].ToString()+"<br/>"); 97 //} 98 99 // DataSet ds = new DataSet(); 100 // using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ForumConnString"].ToString())) 101 // { 102 // SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tbUser;select * from tbTopic; select * from tbBoard",conn); 103 // da.Fill(ds); 104 // } 105 // ArrayList al = new ArrayList(); 106 // for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) 107 // { 108 // al.Add(ds); 109 // } 110 // Session["largeData"] = al; 111 } 112 protected void btn_ReadSession_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 113 { 114 if (Session["SimpleString"] != null) 115 { 116 string str = Session["SimpleString"].ToString(); 117 Response.Write(str + "<br/>"); 118 } 119 else 120 { 121 Response.Write("读取当前字符串失败<br/>"); 122 } 123 if (Session["CustomClass"] == null) 124 { 125 Response.Write("读取当前字符串失败<br/>"); 126 } 127 else 128 { 129 MyUser user = Session["CustomClass"] as MyUser; 130 Response.Write(user.ToString() + "<br/>"); 131 }; 132 } 133 134 /*Cache提供的过期策略 135 * 永不过期 136 * 绝对时间过期，缓存在某一时间过期 137 * 变化时间过期，缓存在某一时间内未访问则超时过期，这个和Session有点类似，比如我们可设定缓存5分钟没有人访问则过期 138 * 依赖过期 缓存依赖与数据库或者文件中的内容。一旦数据库或者文件的内容发生变动，则缓存自动过期 139 * 被动更新 缓存过期以后自动更新 140 * 主动更新 缓存过期以后在回调方法中更新。 141 */ 142 protected void btn_GetDataFromCache_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 143 { 144 InsertRecord(); 145 Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch(); 146 sw.Start(); 147 if (Cache["Data"] == null) 148 { 149 Response.Write("缓存无效<br/>"); 150 } 151 else 152 { 153 DataSet ds = Cache["Data"] as DataSet; 154 Response.Write(string.Format("查询结果： {0}<br/>", ds.Tables[0].Rows[0][0])); 155 Response.Write(string.Format("耗费时间： {0}<br/>", sw.ElapsedTicks)); 156 } 157 } 158 private void InsertRecord() 159 { 160 using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["TestDBConnString"].ToString())) 161 { 162 conn.Open(); 163 using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand()) 164 { 165 cmd.CommandText = "insert into CacheTest(Test)values('Test')"; 166 cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 167 } 168 } 169 } 170 protected void btn_GetDataFromDb_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 171 { 172 InsertRecord(); 173 Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch(); 174 sw.Start(); 175 176 DataSet ds = GetData(); 177 Response.Write(string.Format("查询结果： {0}<br/>", ds.Tables[0].Rows[0][0])); 178 Response.Write(string.Format("耗费时间： {0}<br/>", sw.ElapsedTicks)); 179 } 180 private DataSet GetData() 181 { 182 DataSet ds = new DataSet(); 183 using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["TestDBConnString"].ToString())) 184 { 185 conn.Open(); 186 using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand()) 187 { 188 cmd.CommandText = "select count(*) from CacheTest"; 189 SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); 190 da.Fill(ds); 191 } 192 return ds; 193 } 194 } 195 protected void btn_InsertNoExpirationCache_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 196 { 197 DataSet ds = GetData(); 198 // Cache["Data"] = ds; 199 Cache.Insert("Data", ds); 200 } 201 protected void btn_InsertAbsoluteExpirationCache_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 202 { 203 DataSet ds = GetData(); 204 Cache.Insert("Data", ds, null, DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(10), TimeSpan.Zero); 205 } 206 protected void btn_InsertSlidingExpirationCache_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 207 { 208 DataSet ds = GetData(); 209 Cache.Insert("Data", ds, null, DateTime.MaxValue, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10)); 210 } 211 protected void btn_ModifyFile_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 212 { 213 using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(Server.MapPath("test.txt"), FileMode.Append, FileAccess.Write)) 214 { 215 using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs)) 216 { 217 sw.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString()); 218 } 219 } 220 } 221 protected void btn_AddFileDependencyCache_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 222 { 223 CacheDependency cd = new CacheDependency(Server.MapPath("test.txt")); 224 DataSet ds = GetData(); 225 Cache.Insert("Data", ds, cd); 226 } 227 protected void btn_DependencySqlserver_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 228 { 229 SqlCacheDependency scd = new SqlCacheDependency("TestDB", "CacheTest"); 230 DataSet ds = GetData(); 231 Cache.Insert("Data", ds, scd); 232 } 233 protected void btn_SetPageCache_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 234 { 235 IDictionaryEnumerator CacheEnum = HttpRuntime.Cache.GetEnumerator(); 236 while (CacheEnum.MoveNext()) 237 { 238 Cache.Remove(CacheEnum.Key.ToString()); 239 } 240 } 241 protected void btn_RemoveCache_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 242 { 243 Cache.Remove("Data"); 244 245 } 246 protected void btn_GetDataFromsqlServerCache_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 247 { 248 Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch(); 249 sw.Start(); 250 if (Cache["Data"] == null) 251 { 252 Response.Write("缓存无效<br/>"); 253 } 254 else 255 { 256 DataSet ds = Cache["Data"] as DataSet; 257 Response.Write(string.Format("查询结果： {0}<br/>", ds.Tables[0].Rows[0][0])); 258 Response.Write(string.Format("耗费时间： {0}<br/>", sw.ElapsedTicks)); 259 } 260 } 261 protected void btn_PassiveUpdate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 262 { 263 InsertRecord(); 264 DataSet ds = new DataSet(); 265 Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch(); 266 sw.Start(); 267 if (Cache["Data"] == null) 268 { 269 ds = GetData(); 270 Cache.Insert("Data", ds, null, DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(10), TimeSpan.Zero); 271 } 272 else 273 { 274 ds = Cache["Data"] as DataSet; 275 } 276 Response.Write(string.Format("查询结果： {0}<br/>", ds.Tables[0].Rows[0][0])); 277 Response.Write(string.Format("耗费时间： {0}<br/>", sw.ElapsedTicks)); 278 } 279 protected void btn_InsertActiveUpdataCache_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 280 { 281 DataSet ds = GetData(); 282 Cache.Insert("Data", ds, null, DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(10), TimeSpan.Zero, CacheItemPriority.Default, CacheItemRemovedCallback); 283 } 284 public void CacheItemRemovedCallback(string key, object value, CacheItemRemovedReason reason) 285 { 286 DataSet ds = GetData(); 287 Cache.Insert(key, value, null, DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(10), TimeSpan.Zero, CacheItemPriority.Default, CacheItemRemovedCallback); 288 } 289 protected void btn_AddViewState_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 290 { 291 ViewState["test1"] = "这是一个简单的ViewState测试"; 292 MyUser user = new MyUser { sUserName = "小朱", Age = 25 }; 293 ViewState["test2"] = user; 294 } 295 protected void btn_decompileViewState_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 296 { 297 Response.Write(new System.Text.UTF8Encoding(true).GetString(Convert.FromBase64String(Request["__VIEWSTATE"]))); 298 } 299 protected void btn_ReadViewState_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 300 { 301 MyUser user = ViewState["test2"] as MyUser; 302 Response.Write(string.Format("{0}-{1} <br/>", user.sUserName, user.Age)); 303 } 304 protected void btn_ControlState_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 305 { 306 PageStatePersister.ControlState = "这是一个ControlState测试"; 307 Response.Write(PageStatePersister.ControlState.ToString()); 308 } 309 } 310 311 [Serializable] 312 class MyUser 313 { 314 public string sUserName { get; set; } 315 public int Age { set; get; } 316 public override string ToString() 317 { 318 return string.Format("姓名：{0},年龄 {1}", sUserName, Age); 319 } 320 }
此外差点丢掉一个全局配置文件，主要是用来演示Application的使用，代码如下：
<%@ Application Language="C#" %> <script runat="server"> void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { //在应用程序启动时运行的代码 Application["PageClick"] = 0; Application["UserVisit"] = 0; } void Application_End(object sender, EventArgs e) { //在应用程序关闭时运行的代码 } void Application_Error(object sender, EventArgs e) { //在出现未处理的错误时运行的代码 } void Session_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { //在新会话启动时运行的代码 Application.Lock(); Application["UserVisit"] = (int)Application["UserVisit"] + 1; Application.UnLock(); } void Session_End(object sender, EventArgs e) { //在会话结束时运行的代码。 // 注意: 只有在 Web.config 文件中的 sessionstate 模式设置为 // InProc 时，才会引发 Session_End 事件。如果会话模式 //设置为 StateServer 或 SQLServer，则不会引发该事件。 } </script>
