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方法参数

值参数 :一个值参数相当于一个局部变量,当使用值参数的时候,将会分配一个新的存储位置,将实参拷贝到该位置,并将该拷贝值传递给该方法。因此,值参数只能将值带进方法,但是不能带出方法,而不会影响实参的值。

引用参数:当使用引用参数的时候,将不会分配一个新的存储位置,In other words,引用参数能将值带进方法,也能带出方法,因而会影响实参的值。如下例:

 


 
using System;

namespace prg1
{
    class Paramstest
    {  
        //值参数使用演示
        public static void Transposition_1(int a, int b)
        {
            int temp = a;
            a = b;
            b = temp;
        }
        //引用参数使用演示
        static void Transposition_2(ref int a,ref int b)
        {
            int temp = a;
            a = b;
            b = temp;
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int a = 25;
            int b = 30;
            //调用Transposition_1
            Console.WriteLine("调用Transposition_1之前a={0},b={1}",a,b);
            Transposition_1(a,b);
            Console.WriteLine("调用Transposition_1之后a={0},b={1}", a, b);
            Console.WriteLine("====================\n");
            //调用Transposition_2
            Console.WriteLine("调用Transposition_2之前a={0},b={1}", a, b);
            Transposition_2(ref a,ref b);
            Console.WriteLine("调用Transposition_2之后a={0},b={1}", a, b);
            Console.WriteLine("====================\n");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

●输出参数:根据表层含义猜测其只能输出不能输入方法的参数,我们开始紧随上例验证一下,加入以下代码:

static void Transposition_2(ref int a,ref int b)
        {
            int temp = a;
            a = b;
            b = temp;
        }

编译器便会提醒a,b未赋值的报错,同样我们也就可以直观的看到,输出参数不能将值带进方法,只能将值输出方法。从下面的例子中可以看出在方法的内部进行了输出参数的赋值操作,因此无论在哪里使用输出参数都必须提前赋值,这也是使用任何类型参数的共性。


 

 

 

 

 
//Use of output parameters
        static void Transposition_3(string name,out string FistName,out string LastName)
        {
           int i=name.Length;//Get the length of the string
            while(i>0)
            {
              char chparm=name[i-1];
              if (chparm == '.')
              {
                  break;
              }
              i--;
            }
            FistName = name.Substring(0,i-1);
            LastName = name.Substring(i);

        }
//调用Transposition_3
            string DoName,Nmark;
            Transposition_3("rohelm.X",out DoName,out Nmark);
            Console.WriteLine("Domain Name of Myself:  {0}",DoName);
            Console.WriteLine("The last name of my Domain Name:  {0}",Nmark);

●参数数组:简而言之,就是方法传递的单位是个数组,而且可以是一维数组或者交错数组(形如int[][]),但是不能是多维数组(形如;string[,]),可以为参数数组制定一个或多个实参,其中每一个实参都是一个表达式,此外参数数组和同一类型的值参数完全等效。例如下例:

 
class Prmarry
   {
       public static void Show(params string[] name)
       {
           Console.WriteLine("Array contains the number of elements:  {0}", name.Length);
           Console.Write("elements of NameArray:");
           for (int i = 0; i < name.Length; i++)
           {
               Console.Write("{0,10}",name[i]);
           }
       }
   }
//调用Show
           string[] NameArray = { "rohelm.X", "Boolean", "rrats" };
           Prmarry.Show(NameArray); 
           Console.ReadKey();

也不知咋搞的,我的输入法和编译器好像在玩躲猫猫,一会不一会的就不支持汉字输入了,我也真能用英语输入了,无奈。
下面是这一日志的参考源码,可以整体分析一下:
 
using System;

namespace prg1
{
    class Paramstest
    {  
        //值参数使用演示
        public static void Transposition_1(int a, int b)
        {
            int temp = a;
            a = b;
            b = temp;
        }
        //引用参数使用演示
        static void Transposition_2(ref int a,ref int b)
        {
            int temp = a;
            a = b;
            b = temp;
        }
        //Use of output parameters
        static void Transposition_3(string name,out string FistName,out string LastName)
        {
           int i=name.Length;//Get the length of the string
            while(i>0)
            {
              char chparm=name[i-1];
              if (chparm == '.')
              {
                  break;
              }
              i--;
            }

            FistName = name.Substring(0, i - 1);
            LastName = name.Substring(i);
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int a = 25;
            int b = 30;
            //调用Transposition_1
            Console.WriteLine("调用Transposition_1之前a={0},b={1}",a,b);
            Transposition_1(a,b);
            Console.WriteLine("调用Transposition_1之后a={0},b={1}", a, b);
            Console.WriteLine("====================\n");
            //调用Transposition_2
            Console.WriteLine("调用Transposition_2之前a={0},b={1}", a, b);
            Transposition_2(ref a,ref b);
            Console.WriteLine("调用Transposition_2之后a={0},b={1}", a, b);
            Console.WriteLine("====================\n");
            //调用Transposition_3
            string DoName,Nmark;
            Transposition_3("rohelm.X",out DoName,out Nmark);
            Console.WriteLine("Domain Name of Myself:  {0}",DoName);
            Console.WriteLine("The last name of my Domain Name:  {0}"+"\n",Nmark);
            //调用Show
            string[] NameArray = { "rohelm.X", "Boolean", "rrats" };
            Prmarry.Show(NameArray); 
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
    class Prmarry
    {
        public static void Show(params string[] name)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Array contains the number of elements:  {0}", name.Length);
            Console.Write("elements of NameArray:");
            for (int i = 0; i < name.Length; i++)
            {
                Console.Write("{0,10}",name[i]);
            }
        }
    }
}

本例效果:

 
posted @ 2011-10-24 21:58  Halower  阅读(761)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报