受不了xxxx恶心人的行为,遂搬迁至博客园。 始发:2016-12-15 22:19:01 版本信息: Linux:3.10 Android: 4.4
一、唤醒源
设备休眠后,通过触发唤醒源使设备恢复正常工作模式。设备唤醒源有多种,对于Android设备常见的就有PowerKey、来电唤醒、Alarm唤醒等。
唤醒源的实现处于内核空间,本文重点讨论下PowerKey作为唤醒源的具体实现。
二、PowerKey唤醒源
PowerKey唤醒设备的原理,本质其实就是中断。
PowerKey连接到CPU的一个输入(Input)引脚(Pin)上,该Pin运行在中断模式上。一旦PowerKey按下,引发Pin中断;而该中断具有唤醒CPU的功能,于是设备得以唤醒。
三、PowerKey对应的Pin Configuration
和PowerKey相连的Pin的具体配置位于板级dts文件中,比如如下配置:
arch/arm/boot/dts/xxxxx.dts power-key { /** 是CPU的哪个Pin */ gpios = <&gpio0 GPIO_A5 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>; /** Key code */ linux,code = <116>; /** 起个名字 */ label = "power"; /** 该Pin具有wakeup的功能 */ gpio-key,wakeup; };
input.h (kernel\include\uapi\linux) /* * Keys and buttons */ #define KEY_RESERVED 0 #define KEY_ESC 1 #define KEY_BACKSPACE 14 #define KEY_TAB 15 #define KEY_POWER 116 /* SC System Power Down */
可知,PowerKey的编码也在该文件中,且编码值为116;一旦按下PowerKey,该值作为键值传到input_event结构体的code成员变量中:
input.h (kernel\include\uapi\linux) /* * The event structure itself */ struct input_event { struct timeval time; __u16 type; __u16 code; __s32 value; };
四、PowerKey驱动
1、PowerKey驱动注册
static struct platform_driver keys_device_driver = { .probe = keys_probe, .remove = keys_remove, .driver = { .name = "xxx-keypad", .owner = THIS_MODULE, .of_match_table = xxx_key_match, #ifdef CONFIG_PM .pm = &keys_pm_ops, #endif } };
注册为平台驱动:
module_platform_driver(keys_device_driver);
这里遇到了“新伙伴”:之前驱动注册时调用的是“module_init/module_exit”宏,PowerKey驱动注册用“module_platform_driver”,什么鬼?看下宏注释:
/* module_platform_driver() - Helper macro for drivers that don't do * anything special in module init/exit. This eliminates(清除/淘汰) a lot of * boilerplate(样板文件). Each module may only use this macro once, and * calling it replaces module_init() and module_exit() */ #define module_platform_driver(__platform_driver) \ module_driver(__platform_driver, platform_driver_register, \ platform_driver_unregister)
我们并不需要在“module_init/module_exit”宏规定的函数中做什么工作,使用这种方式(注册驱动的模版)注册驱动的话就得准备xxx_init/xxx_exit函数,而采用“module_platform_driver”注册就免去了这些无用功。
2、PowerKey驱动实现
贯穿始终的连个结构体:
/** * 描述Key具有的属性 */ struct xxx_keys_button { u32 code; // key code const char *desc;//key label u32 state; //key up & down state int gpio; int active_low; int wakeup; struct timer_list timer; }; /** * 驱动属性封装 */ struct xxx_keys_drvdata { int nbuttons; bool in_suspend; /* Flag to indicate if we're suspending/resuming */ int result; struct input_dev *input; struct xxx_keys_button button[0]; };
(1)驱动从xxx_probe()函数起始,注意代码的注释:
// 省略异常处理代码 static int keys_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) { struct device *dev = &pdev->dev; struct device_node *np = pdev->dev.of_node; struct xxx_keys_drvdata *ddata = NULL; struct input_dev *input = NULL; int i, error = 0; int wakeup, key_num = 0; // 1、of_get_child_count: 获取pin configuration的数目 key_num = of_get_child_count(np); // 2、为xxx_keys_drvdata 分配空间 ddata = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(struct xxx_keys_drvdata) + key_num * sizeof(struct xxx_keys_button), GFP_KERNEL); // 3、PowerKey是作为Input设备进行注册的,这里为PowerKey分配Input设备空间 input = devm_input_allocate_device(dev); platform_set_drvdata(pdev, ddata); // input->name:设备名字,可以通过cat /sys/class/input/eventX/device/name查看 input->name = "xxx-keypad"; input->dev.parent = dev; input->id.bustype = BUS_HOST; // 总线类型 input->id.vendor = 0x0001; input->id.product = 0x0001; input->id.version = 0x0100; ddata->input = input; ddata->nbuttons = key_num; // 4、解析之前的dts文件 error = xxx_keys_parse_dt(ddata, pdev); struct xxx_keys_button *button = &ddata->button[i]; // 6、code = 116 if (button->code){ setup_timer(&button->timer, keys_timer, (unsigned long)button);} // 7、解析dts文件的时候赋值,此处非0 if (button->wakeup) wakeup = 1; // 8、__set_bit(code, input->keybit); input->keybit: 存放PowerKey键值 input_set_capability(input, EV_KEY, button->code); struct xxx_keys_button *button = &ddata->button[i]; int irq; // 9、->desc:解析dts文件的时候赋值,devm_gpio_request()申请GPIO error = devm_gpio_request(dev, button->gpio, button->desc ?: "keys"); // 10、PowerKey相连的Pin为输入模式 error = gpio_direction_input(button->gpio); // 11、设置为中断Pin并获取中断号irq irq = gpio_to_irq(button->gpio); /**keys_isr:中断Handler * 中断触发方式:IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING下降沿、IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING上升沿 */ error = devm_request_irq(dev, irq, keys_isr, (button->active_low)?IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING : IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING, button->desc ? button->desc : "keys", button); } // 存放KEY_WAKEUP键值 input_set_capability(input, EV_KEY, KEY_WAKEUP); // 12、wakeup非0则启用唤醒CPU功能 device_init_wakeup(dev, wakeup); // 注册Input驱动 error = input_register_device(input); return error; fail2: device_init_wakeup(dev, 0); fail1: while (--i >= 0) { del_timer_sync(&ddata->button[i].timer); } fail0: platform_set_drvdata(pdev, NULL); return error; }
这里完成:
- 数据成员空间分配
- 数据成员初始化
- dts文件中PowerKey配置解析
- Input设备驱动注册
- 启用唤醒功能
- 作为唤醒源的中断ISR注册
(2)解析dts文件中PowerKey配置
// 解析dts文件中PowerKey配置 static int xxx_keys_parse_dt(struct xxx_keys_drvdata *pdata, struct platform_device *pdev) { struct device_node *node = pdev->dev.of_node; struct device_node *child_node; int ret, gpio, i =0; u32 code, flags;; if(of_property_read_u32(child_node, "linux,code", &code)) { dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Missing linux,code property in the DT.\n"); ret = -EINVAL; goto error_ret; } pdata->button[i].code = code; // 116 pdata->button[i].desc = of_get_property(child_node, "label", NULL); // "power" gpio = of_get_gpio_flags(child_node, 0, &flags); pdata->button[i].gpio = gpio; pdata->button[i].active_low = flags & OF_GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW; pdata->button[i].wakeup = !!of_get_property(child_node, "gpio-key,wakeup", NULL); return 0; error_ret: return ret; }
(3)唤醒源注册
wakeup.c (kernel\drivers\base\power) /**@dev: Device to handle. * @enable: Whether or not to enable @dev as a wakeup device. */ int device_init_wakeup(struct device *dev, bool enable) { int ret = 0; if (enable) { // 1、dev->power.can_wakeup = true device_set_wakeup_capable(dev, true); // 2、Enable given device to be a wakeup source. ret = device_wakeup_enable(dev); } else { device_set_wakeup_capable(dev, false); } return ret; }
(4)唤醒动作
还记得之前注册的中断处理函数keys_isr?
devm_request_irq(struct device *dev, unsigned int irq, irq_handler_t handler, unsigned long irqflags, const char *devname, void *dev_id) devm_request_irq(dev, irq, keys_isr,(button->active_low)?IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING : IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING, button->desc ? button->desc : "keys", button); static irqreturn_t keys_isr(int irq, void *dev_id) { // 1、获取在keys_probe()建立的xxx_keys_drvdata对象数据 struct xxx_keys_drvdata *pdata = xxx_key_get_drvdata(); // 2、dev_id即evm_request_irq()的最后一个参数,这里就是我们的PowerKey struct xxx_keys_button *button = (struct xxx_keys_button *)dev_id; struct input_dev *input = pdata->input; // 3、具有休眠唤醒功能且处于休眠模式, if(button->wakeup == 1 && pdata->in_suspend == true){ button->state = 1; input_event(input, EV_KEY, button->code, button->state); input_sync(input); } // Timer去抖动 mod_timer(&button->timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(DEFAULT_DEBOUNCE_INTERVAL)); return IRQ_HANDLED; } setup_timer(&button->timer, keys_timer, (unsigned long)button) static void keys_timer(unsigned long _data) { struct xxx_keys_drvdata *pdata = xxx_key_get_drvdata(); struct xxx_keys_button *button = (struct xxx_keys_button *)_data; struct input_dev *input = pdata->input; int state; state = !!((gpio_get_value(button->gpio) ? 1 : 0) ^ button->active_low); if(button->state != state) { button->state = state; input_event(input, EV_KEY, button->code, button->state); input_event(input, EV_KEY, button->code, button->state); input_sync(input); } if(state) mod_timer(&button->timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(DEFAULT_DEBOUNCE_INTERVAL)); }
如果处于休眠态,直接上报唤醒事件(button->state = 1);否则就需要判断按键状态(keys_timer)。
至此,PowerKey作为唤醒源的实现就完成了。
五、PowerKey 事件读取
#include <stdio.h> #include <linux/input.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> #define DEV_PATH "/dev/input/event2" // PowerKey report event node int main(int argc, char **argv) { int event_fd = -1; struct input_event event = {0}; const size_t read_size = sizeof(struct input_event); event_fd = open(DEV_PATH, O_RDONLY); if (event_fd <= 0) { printf("%s open failed: %s\n", DEV_PATH, strerror(errno)); return -1; } while (1) { if (read(event_fd, &event, read_size) == read_size) { if (event.type == EV_KEY) { printf("event code: %d\n", event.code); printf("event value: %d\n", event.value); } else { printf("type != EV_KEY, type: %d\n", event.type); } } usleep(10*1000); } close(event_fd); return 0; }
编译、adb push到Android设备中,运行后操作PowerKey,可见Log: