java中Array/List/Map/Object与Json互相转换详解
http://blog.csdn.net/xiaomu709421487/article/details/51456705
JSON(JavaScript Object Notation): 是一种轻量级的数据交换格式
一、JSON建构有两种结构:对象和数组
1、对象:对象在js中表示为“{}”扩起来的内容,数据结构为 {key:value,key:value,...}的键值对的结构,在面向对象的语言中,key为对象的属性,value为对应的属性值,所以很容易理解,取值方法为 对象.key 获取属性值,这个属性值的类型可以是 数字、字符串、数组、对象几种。
2、数组:数组在js中是中括号“[]”扩起来的内容,数据结构为 ["java","javascript","vb",...],取值方式和所有语言中一样,使用索引获取,字段值的类型可以是 数字、字符串、数组、对象几种。
经过对象、数组2种结构就可以组合成复杂的数据结构了。
二、具体形式
1、对象
(1)一个对象以“{”(左括号)开始,“}”(右括号)结束。
(2)每个“名称”后跟一个“:”(冒号)
(3)“‘名称/值’ 对”之间使用“,”(逗号)分隔
例子:表示人的一个对象:
{
"姓名" : "大憨",
"年龄" : 24
}
2、数组是值(value)的有序集合。
(1)一个数组以“[”(左中括号)开始,“]”(右中括号)结束。
(2)值之间使用“,”(逗号)分隔。
例子:一组学生
{
"学生" :
[
{"姓名" : "小明" , "年龄" : 23},
{"姓名" : "大憨" , "年龄" : 24}
]
}
说明:此Json对象包括了一个学生数组,而学生数组中的值又是两个Json对象。
说了这些基本了解json的数据结构了...
补充:在线Json校验格式化工具:http://www.bejson.com/go.php?u=http://www.bejson.com/index.php
三、老样子上次demo
这时我的工程结构图:上面引用到的外部库大家网上搜索下载~
configdata.json:
- [
- true,
- false,
- true
- ]
Address类:
- /**
- * @Title: 创建Address实体类的POJO
- * @Description: TODO(用一句话描述该文件做什么)
- * @author Potter
- * @date 2013-2-18 上午10:16:03
- * @version V1.0
- */
- public class Address {
- private String street;//街道
- private String city;//城市
- private int zip;//邮编
- private String tel;//第一个电话号码
- private String telTwo;//第二个电话号码
- public Address() {
- }
- public Address(String street, String city, int zip, String tel, String telTwo){
- this.street = street;
- this.city = city;
- this.zip = zip;
- this.tel = tel;
- this.telTwo = telTwo;
- }
- public String getStreet() {
- return street;
- }
- public void setStreet(String street) {
- this.street = street;
- }
- public String getCity() {
- return city;
- }
- public void setCity(String city) {
- this.city = city;
- }
- public int getZip() {
- return zip;
- }
- public void setZip(int zip) {
- this.zip = zip;
- }
- public String getTel() {
- return tel;
- }
- public void setTel(String tel) {
- this.tel = tel;
- }
- public String getTelTwo() {
- return telTwo;
- }
- public void setTelTwo(String telTwo) {
- this.telTwo = telTwo;
- }
- }
JsonTest类:
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
- import java.io.FileReader;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
- import net.sf.ezmorph.bean.MorphDynaBean;
- import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
- import net.sf.json.JSONFunction;
- import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
- public class JsonTest {
- public static void main(String args[]) {
- //javaArray和json互相转换
- javaArrayAndJsonInterChange();
- System.out.println("-------------------------------------");
- //javaList和json互相转换
- javaListAndJsonInterChange();
- System.out.println("-------------------------------------");
- //javaMpa和Json互转
- javaMapAndJsonInterChange();
- System.out.println("-------------------------------------");
- //javaObject和jsonObject互转
- javaObjectAndJsonInterChange();
- }
- /**
- * javaArray和json互相转换
- */
- public static void javaArrayAndJsonInterChange() {
- // java 转数组
- boolean[] boolArray = new boolean[] { true, false, true };
- JSONArray jsonArray = JSONArray.fromObject(boolArray);
- String s = jsonArray.toString();
- System.out.println(s);
- // 通过json获取数组中的数据
- String result = readJson("configdata");
- JSONArray jsonR = JSONArray.fromObject(result);
- int size = jsonR.size();
- for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
- System.out.println(jsonR.get(i));
- }
- }
- /**
- * javaList和json互相转换
- */
- public static void javaListAndJsonInterChange() {
- List list = new ArrayList();
- list.add(new Integer(1));
- list.add(new Boolean(true));
- list.add(new Character('j'));
- list.add(new char[] { 'j', 's', 'o', 'n' });
- list.add(null);
- list.add("json");
- list.add(new String[] { "json", "-", "lib" });
- // list转JSONArray
- JSONArray jsArr = JSONArray.fromObject(list);
- System.out.println(jsArr.toString(4));
- // 从JSON串到JSONArray
- jsArr = JSONArray.fromObject(jsArr.toString());
- // --从JSONArray里读取
- // print: json
- System.out.println(((JSONArray) jsArr.get(6)).get(0));
- }
- /**
- * javaMpa和Json互转
- */
- public static void javaMapAndJsonInterChange() {
- Map map = new LinkedHashMap();
- map.put("integer", new Integer(1));
- map.put("boolean", new Boolean(true));
- map.put("char", new Character('j'));
- map.put("charArr", new char[] { 'j', 's', 'o', 'n' });
- // 注:不能以null为键名,否则运行报net.sf.json.JSONException:
- // java.lang.NullPointerException:
- // JSON keys must not be null nor the 'null' string.
- map.put("nullAttr", null);
- map.put("str", "json");
- map.put("strArr", new String[] { "json", "-", "lib" });
- map.put("jsonFunction", new JSONFunction(new String[] { "i" },"alert(i)"));
- map.put("address", new Address("P.O BOX 54534", "Seattle, WA", 42452,"561-832-3180", "531-133-9098"));
- // map转JSONArray
- JSONObject jsObj = JSONObject.fromObject(map);
- System.out.println(jsObj.toString(4));
- // 从JSON串到JSONObject
- jsObj = JSONObject.fromObject(jsObj.toString());
- //第一种方式:从JSONObject里读取
- // print: json
- System.out.println(jsObj.get("str"));
- // print: address.city = Seattle, WA
- System.out.println("address.city = " + ((JSONObject) jsObj.get("address")).get("city"));
- //第二种方式:从动态Bean里读取数据,由于不能转换成具体的Bean,感觉没有多大用处
- MorphDynaBean mdBean = (MorphDynaBean) JSONObject.toBean(jsObj);
- // print: json
- System.out.println(mdBean.get("str"));
- //print: address.city = Seattle, WA
- System.out.println("address.city = " + ((MorphDynaBean) mdBean.get("address")).get("city"));
- }
- /**
- * javaObject和jsonObject互转
- */
- public static void javaObjectAndJsonInterChange(){
- Address address=new Address("P.O BOX 54534", "Seattle, WA", 42452,"561-832-3180", "531-133-9098");
- //object转JSONObject
- JSONObject jsObj = JSONObject.fromObject(address);
- System.out.println(jsObj.toString(4));
- //JsonObject转java Object
- Address addressResult=(Address) JSONObject.toBean(jsObj, Address.class);
- System.out.println("address.city = "+ addressResult.getCity());
- System.out.println("address.street="+addressResult.getStreet());
- System.out.println("address.tel = "+ addressResult.getTel());
- System.out.println("address.telTwo="+addressResult.getTelTwo());
- System.out.println("address.zip="+addressResult.getZip());
- }
- /**
- * 读取json文件
- * @param fileName 文件名,不需要后缀
- * @return
- */
- public static String readJson(String fileName) {
- String result = null;
- try {
- File myFile = new File("./config/" + fileName + ".json");
- FileReader fr = new FileReader(myFile);
- char[] contents = new char[(int) myFile.length()];
- fr.read(contents, 0, (int) myFile.length());
- result = new String(contents);
- fr.close();
- } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return result;
- }
- }
哈哈~ 没想到其实挺简单的!!!