Spring Cloud（三）Zuul网关

一、引言

　　写这篇之前，也先介绍一下应用背景吧，大家应该或多或少接触过nginx做反向代理吧？Zuul网关其实也是帮我做了这么一层工作，假设我们的项目有几十个微服务，每个微服务你都记录地址的话，难受不？所以我们需要一个统一的入口，也就是网关来给我们做请求分发，那么对外调用我统一经过网关，还可以做一些身份校验，黑白名单过滤等工作，是不是很方便呀~

二、Zuul网关实例

　　开搞开搞，同样也是需要先新建一个Spring Boot工程，然后开始做下面的配置：

pom.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 3          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 4     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 5     <groupId>com.zhbf</groupId>
 6     <artifactId>zuul</artifactId>
 7     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 8     <name>zuul</name>
 9     <description>网关服务【有梦想的肥宅】</description>
10 
11     <parent>
12         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
13         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
14         <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
15         <relativePath/>
16     </parent>
17 
18     <properties>
19         <java.version>1.8</java.version>
20         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
21         <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
22         <spring-boot.version>1.5.6.RELEASE</spring-boot.version><!--Spring Boot版本-->
23         <spring-cloud.version>1.4.6.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version><!--Spring Cloud版本-->
24     </properties>
25 
26     <dependencyManagement>
27         <dependencies>
28             <!--指定下载源和使用Spring Boot的版本-->
29             <dependency>
30                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
31                 <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
32                 <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
33                 <type>pom</type>
34                 <scope>import</scope>
35             </dependency>
36             <!--指定下载源和使用Spring Cloud的版本-->
37             <dependency>
38                 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
39                 <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
40                 <version>Edgware.SR5</version>
41                 <type>pom</type>
42                 <scope>import</scope>
43             </dependency>
44         </dependencies>
45     </dependencyManagement>
46 
47 
48     <dependencies>
49         <!--引入Spring Boot依赖-->
50         <dependency>
51             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
52             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
53         </dependency>
54         <!--引入Spring Cloud的Eureka依赖-->
55         <dependency>
56             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
57             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
58             <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
59         </dependency>
60         <!--引入zuul网关依赖-->
61         <dependency>
62             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
63             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
64         </dependency>
65     </dependencies>
66 
67 </project>

View Code

application.yml

#应用名称
spring:
    application:
        name: ZUUL

#服务端口
server:
  port: 9093

#注册进eureka
eureka:
    client:
        service-url:
            defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:9090/eureka
        register-with-eureka: true
        fetch-registry: true
    instance:
        hostname: 127.0.0.1


#配置网关转发规则
zuul:
  routes:
    api-order: #表示当请求127.0.0.1:9093/order/开头的请求时，会通过eureka去找到OREDER-SERVER对应的实例做请求分发
      path: /order/**
      service-id: OREDER-SERVER
    api-gds:
      path: /gds/**
      service-id: GDS-SERVER

ZuulApplication.java【启动类】

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy //开启zuul网关
@EnableDiscoveryClient //服务注册发现
public class ZuulApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args);
    }

}