【SpringBoot学习笔记③】SpringBoot数据访问

springboot数据访问

1 SQL
1.1 数据源的自动配置
1.1.1 导入jdbc场景

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>

数据库驱动?
为什么导入JDBC场景,官方不导入驱动?官方不知道我们接下要操作什么数据库。
数据库版本和驱动版本对应

默认版本:<mysql.version>8.0.22</mysql.version>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<!--            <version>5.1.49</version>-->
        </dependency>
想要修改版本
1、直接依赖引入具体版本(maven的就近依赖原则)
2、重新声明版本(maven的属性的就近优先原则)
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.49</mysql.version>
    </properties>

1.1.2 分析自动配置
1.1.2.1 自动配置的类

  • DataSourceAutoConfiguration : 数据源的自动配置
    • 修改数据源相关的配置:spring.datasource
    • 数据库连接池的配置,是自己容器中没有DataSource才自动配置的
    • 底层配置好的连接池是:HikariDataSource
	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
	@Conditional(PooledDataSourceCondition.class)
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean({ DataSource.class, XADataSource.class })
	@Import({ DataSourceConfiguration.Hikari.class, DataSourceConfiguration.Tomcat.class,
			DataSourceConfiguration.Dbcp2.class, DataSourceConfiguration.OracleUcp.class,
			DataSourceConfiguration.Generic.class, DataSourceJmxConfiguration.class })
	protected static class PooledDataSourceConfiguration
  • DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration: 事务管理器的自动配置
  • JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration: JdbcTemplate的自动配置,可以来对数据库进行crud
    • 可以修改这个配置项@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.jdbc") 来修改JdbcTemplate
    • @Bean@Primary JdbcTemplate;容器中有这个组件
  • JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration: jndi的自动配置
  • XADataSourceAutoConfiguration: 分布式事务相关的

1.1.3 修改配置项

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_account
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

1.1.4 测试

@Slf4j
@SpringBootTest
class Boot05WebAdminApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;


    @Test
    void contextLoads() {

//        jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from account_tbl")
//        jdbcTemplate.queryForList("select * from account_tbl",)
        Long aLong = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select count(*) from account_tbl", Long.class);
        log.info("记录总数:{}",aLong);
    }
}

1.2 使用Druid数据源
1.2.1 自定义方式
1.2.1.1 创建数据源

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.17</version>
        </dependency>

<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
		destroy-method="close">
		<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
		<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
		<property name="maxActive" value="20" />
		<property name="initialSize" value="1" />
		<property name="maxWait" value="60000" />
		<property name="minIdle" value="1" />
		<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />
		<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000" />
		<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
		<property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
		<property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
		<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
		<property name="maxOpenPreparedStatements" value="20" />

1.2.1.2 StatViewServlet
StatViewServlet的用途包括:

  • 提供监控信息展示的html页面
  • 提供监控信息的JSON API
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet</servlet-class>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/druid/*</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

1.2.1.3 StatFilter
用于统计监控信息;如SQL监控、URI监控

需要给数据源中配置如下属性;可以允许多个filter,多个用,分割;如:
<property name="filters" value="stat,slf4j" />

1.2.2 使用starter方式
1.2.2.1 引入drudi-starter

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.17</version>
        </dependency>

1.2.2.2 分析自动配置
分析自动配置

  • 扩展配置项 spring.datasource.druid
  • DruidSpringAopConfiguration.class, 监控SpringBean的;配置项:spring.datasource.druid.aop-patterns
  • DruidStatViewServletConfiguration.class, 监控页的配置:spring.datasource.druid.stat-view-servlet;默认开启
  • DruidWebStatFilterConfiguration.class, web监控配置;spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter;默认开启
  • DruidFilterConfiguration.class}) 所有Druid自己filter的配置
    private static final String FILTER_STAT_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.stat";
    private static final String FILTER_CONFIG_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.config";
    private static final String FILTER_ENCODING_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.encoding";
    private static final String FILTER_SLF4J_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.slf4j";
    private static final String FILTER_LOG4J_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.log4j";
    private static final String FILTER_LOG4J2_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.log4j2";
    private static final String FILTER_COMMONS_LOG_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.commons-log";
    private static final String FILTER_WALL_PREFIX = "spring.datasource.druid.filter.wall";

1.3 整合Mybatis

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.4</version>
    </dependency>

1.3.1、配置模式

  • 全局配置文件
  • SqlSessionFactory: 自动配置好了
  • SqlSession:自动配置了 SqlSessionTemplate 组合了SqlSession
  • @Import(AutoConfiguredMapperScannerRegistrar.class);
  • Mapper: 只要我们写的操作MyBatis的接口标准了 @Mapper 就会被自动扫描进来
@EnableConfigurationProperties(MybatisProperties.class) : MyBatis配置项绑定类。
@AutoConfigureAfter({ DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class, MybatisLanguageDriverAutoConfiguration.class })
public class MybatisAutoConfiguration{}

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mybatis")
public class MybatisProperties

配置 private Configuration configuration; mybatis.configuration下面的所有,就是相当于改mybatis全局配置文件中的值

  • 导入mybatis官方starter
  • 编写mapper接口。标准@Mapper注解
  • 编写sql映射文件并绑定mapper接口
  • 在application.yaml中指定Mapper配置文件的位置,以及指定全局配置文件的信息 (建议;配置在mybatis.configuration)

1.3.2 注解模式

@Mapper
public interface CityMapper {

    @Select("select * from city where id=#{id}")
    public City getById(Long id);

    public void insert(City city);

}

1.3.3 混合模式

@Mapper
public interface CityMapper {

    @Select("select * from city where id=#{id}")
    public City getById(Long id);

    public void insert(City city);
}

2 NoSQL
2.1 redis自动配置

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>

自动配置:

  • RedisAutoConfiguration 自动配置类。RedisProperties 属性类 --> spring.redis.xxx是对redis的配置
  • 连接工厂是准备好的。LettuceConnectionConfiguration、JedisConnectionConfiguration
  • 自动注入了RedisTemplate<Object, Object> : xxxTemplate;
  • 自动注入了StringRedisTemplate;k:v都是String
  • key:value
  • 底层只要我们使用 StringRedisTemplate、RedisTemplate就可以操作redis

2.2 RedisTemplate与Lettuce

    @Test
    void testRedis(){
        ValueOperations<String, String> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();

        operations.set("hello","world");

        String hello = operations.get("hello");
        System.out.println(hello);
    }

2.3 切换至jedis

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>

<!--        导入jedis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
spring:
  redis:
      host: r-bp1nc7reqesxisgxpipd.redis.rds.aliyuncs.com
      port: 6379
      password: lfy:Lfy123456
      client-type: jedis
      jedis:
        pool:
          max-active: 10
posted @ 2022-10-06 15:28  快乐男孩小王  阅读(33)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报