STL中deque

以下学习一下STL中另一种序列容器——deque。

deque表示double-ended queue,即双向队列,deque是通过作为动态数组的方式实现的,这样可以在两端插入元素。因此,deque可以在任何一个方向进行扩展。同时可以在中间插入元素。在开头或结尾处插入元素非常的快,然而在中间插入元素将会比较耗时间,因此需要移动队列中的元素。


定义deque容器的类名为deque。类deque的定义以及deque对象的各种操作函数的实现包含在头文件<deque>中,因此,在程序中使用deque时,程序中必须包含如下语句:

 

#include <deque>


类deque中包含好几个构造器,因此,当声明一个deque对象时,可以通过各种方式进行初始化。如下表中提供的方式:

 


除了之前介绍的所有序列容器通用的操作意外,下表还描述了用来管理deque容器的元素的操作。各个语句展示了如何使用某一个特定的函数,其中假设deq是一个deque容器


下例展示了如何在程序中使用deque。

 

#include <iostream>
#include <deque>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	deque<int> intDeq;
	ostream_iterator<int> screen(cout, " ");

	intDeq.push_back(13);
	intDeq.push_back(75);
	intDeq.push_back(28);
	intDeq.push_back(35);

	cout << "intDeq: ";
	copy(intDeq.begin(), intDeq.end(), screen);
	cout << endl;

	intDeq.push_front(0);
	intDeq.push_back(100);

	cout << "After adding two more "
		<< "elements, one at the front " << endl
		<< "	and one at the back, intDeq: ";

	copy(intDeq.begin(), intDeq.end(), screen);
	cout << endl;

	intDeq.pop_front();
	intDeq.pop_front();

	cout << "After removing the first "
		<< "two elements, " << endl
		<< "	intDeq: ";
	copy(intDeq.begin(), intDeq.end(), screen);
	cout << endl;

	intDeq.pop_back();
	intDeq.pop_back();

	cout << "After removing the last "
		<< "two elements, " << endl
		<< "	intDeq: ";
	copy(intDeq.begin(), intDeq.end(), screen);
	cout << endl;

	deque<int>::iterator deqIt;
	deqIt = intDeq.begin();
	++deqIt;
	intDeq.insert(deqIt, 666);

	cout << "After inserting 666, "
		<< "intDeq: ";
	copy(intDeq.begin(), intDeq.end(), screen);
	cout << endl;

	intDeq.assign(2, 45);

	cout << "After assigning two "
		<< "copies of 45, intDeq: ";
	copy(intDeq.begin(), intDeq.end(), screen);
	cout << endl;

	intDeq.push_front(-10);
	intDeq.push_front(-999);

	cout << "After inserting two "
		<< "elements, one at the front " << endl
		<< "	and one at the back, intDeq: ";
	copy(intDeq.begin(), intDeq.end(), screen);
	cout << endl;

	return 0;
}

 

输出为:

 



 

posted on 2013-11-19 09:49  love so much  阅读(268)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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