Kubernetes 部署微服务电商平台(16)
一、概念
微服务就是很小的服务,小到一个服务只对应一个单一的功能,只做一件事。这个服务可以单独部署运行,服务之间可以通过RPC来相互交互,每个微服务都是由独立的小团队开发,测试,部署,上线,负责它的整个生命周期。
在做架构设计的时候,先做逻辑架构,再做物理架构,当你拿到需求后,估算过最大用户量和并发量后,计算单个应用服务器能否满足需求,如果用户量只有几百人的小应用,单体应用就能搞定,即所有应用部署在一个应用服务器里,如果是很大用户量,且某些功能会被频繁访问,或者某些功能计算量很大,建议将应用拆解为多个子系统,各自负责各自功能,这就是微服务架构。
微服务架构是一种将单应用程序作为一套小型服务开发的方法,每种应用程序都在其自己的进程中运行,并与轻量级机制(通常是HTTP资源的API)进行通信。这些服务是围绕业务功能构建的,可以通过全自动部署机制进行独立部署。这些服务的集中化管理已经是最少的,它们可以用不同的编程语言编写,并使用不同的数据存储技术。
分布式服务顾名思义服务是分散部署在不同的机器上的,一个服务可能负责几个功能,是一种面向SOA架构的,服务之间也是通过rpc来交互或者是webservice来交互的。逻辑架构设计完后就该做物理架构设计,系统应用部署在超过一台服务器或虚拟机上,且各分开部署的部分彼此通过各种通讯协议交互信息,就可算作分布式部署,生产环境下的微服务肯定是分布式部署的,分布式部署的应用不一定是微服务架构的,比如集群部署,它是把相同应用复制到不同服务器上,但是逻辑功能上还是单体应用。
微服务相比分布式服务来说,它的粒度更小,服务之间耦合度更低,由于每个微服务都由独立的小团队负责,因此它敏捷性更高,分布式服务最后都会向微服务架构演化,这是一种趋势, 不过服务微服务化后带来的挑战也是显而易见的,例如服务粒度小,数量大,后期运维将会很难。
二、准备条件
确保harbor镜像仓库可以正常使用,且各个节点都可以访问私有镜像仓库。
[root@ren8 harbor]# docker-compose ps Name Command State Ports ------------------------------------------------------------------------- harbor-adminserver /harbor/start.sh Up harbor-db /usr/local/bin Up 3306/tcp /docker-entr ... harbor-jobservice /harbor/start.sh Up harbor-log /bin/sh -c Up 127.0.0.1:1514->1051 /usr/local/bin/ ... 4/tcp harbor-ui /harbor/start.sh Up nginx nginx -g daemon off; Up 0.0.0.0:443->443/tcp , 0.0.0.0:4443->4443 /tcp, 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp registry /entrypoint.sh serve Up 5000/tcp /etc/ ...
上传需要的镜像至私有harbor镜像仓库
[root@ren7 ~]# unzip sock-shop.zip Archive: sock-shop.zip inflating: complete-demo.yaml inflating: image.tar.gz [root@ren7 sock-shop]# ls complete-demo.yaml image.tar.gz [root@ren7 sock-shop]# tar zxvf image.tar.gz image/ image/mongo.latest.tar.gz image/user.0.4.7.tar.gz image/rabbitmq.3.6.8.tar.gz image/catalogue.0.3.5.tar.gz image/payment.0.4.3.tar.gz image/front-end.0.3.12.tar.gz image/shipping.0.4.8.tar.gz image/carts.0.4.8.tar.gz image/orders.0.4.7.tar.gz image/queue-master.0.3.1.tar.gz image/catalogue-db.0.3.0.tar.gz image/user-db.0.4.0.tar.gz [root@ren7 sock-shop]# ls complete-demo.yaml image image.tar.gz [root@ren7 sock-shop]# cd image [root@ren7 image]# ls carts.0.4.8.tar.gz payment.0.4.3.tar.gz catalogue.0.3.5.tar.gz queue-master.0.3.1.tar.gz catalogue-db.0.3.0.tar.gz rabbitmq.3.6.8.tar.gz front-end.0.3.12.tar.gz shipping.0.4.8.tar.gz mongo.latest.tar.gz user.0.4.7.tar.gz orders.0.4.7.tar.gz user-db.0.4.0.tar.gz [root@ren7 image]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE reg.yunwei.com/learn/httpd latest 66a97eeec7b8 13 days ago 154MB reg.yunwei.com/learn/busybox latest 19485c79a9bb 8 weeks ago 1.22MB calico/node v3.0.6 15f002a49ae8 18 months ago 248MB calico/kube-controllers v2.0.4 f8e683e673ec 18 months ago 55.1MB calico/cni v2.0.5 b5e5532af766 18 months ago 69.1MB coredns/coredns 1.0.6 d4b7466213fe 20 months ago 39.9MB mirrorgooglecontainers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64 v1.8.3 0c60bcf89900 20 months ago 102MB mirrorgooglecontainers/heapster-amd64 v1.5.1 c41e77c31c91 20 months ago 75.3MB mirrorgooglecontainers/pause-amd64 3.1 da86e6ba6ca1 22 months ago 742kB mirrorgooglecontainers/heapster-influxdb-amd64 v1.3.3 577260d221db 2 years ago 12.5MB [root@ren7 image]# for ls in `ls`;do docker load -i $ls;done [root@ren7 image]# docker images |grep sock-shop reg.yunwei.com/sock-shop/mongo latest 05b3651ee24e 12 months ago 382MB reg.yunwei.com/sock-shop/user 0.4.7 c276a3cc0418 21 months ago 35.7MB reg.yunwei.com/sock-shop/catalogue 0.3.5 0bd359b6d6e8 2 years ago 41.2MB reg.yunwei.com/sock-shop/rabbitmq 3.6.8 8cdcbee37f62 2 years ago 179MB reg.yunwei.com/sock-shop/payment 0.4.3 4f2c23055dcd 2 years ago 32.5MB reg.yunwei.com/sock-shop/front-end 0.3.12 b54402ef78a5 2 years ago 120MB reg.yunwei.com/sock-shop/shipping 0.4.8 4fc533e8180a 2 years ago 199MB reg.yunwei.com/sock-shop/carts 0.4.8 c00473736118 2 years ago 198MB reg.yunwei.com/sock-shop/orders 0.4.7 8275c5b9181b 2 years ago 198MB reg.yunwei.com/sock-shop/queue-master 0.3.1 76f0de7a12ac 2 years ago 179MB reg.yunwei.com/sock-shop/catalogue-db 0.3.0 9d0c5eb88949 2 years ago 400MB reg.yunwei.com/sock-shop/user-db 0.4.0 196601f91030 2 years ago 717MB
使用脚本将所需镜像上传至harbor仓库:
#!/bin/bash a=`docker images |grep sock-shop |awk '{print $1}'` for i in `echo $a`;do b=`docker images |grep $i |awk '{print $2}'` c=$i:$b #echo $c docker push $c &> /dev/null done echo "done"
三、部署微服务
编辑complete-demo.yaml文件后,执行
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
1 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 2 kind: Deployment 3 metadata: 4 name: carts-db 5 labels: 6 name: carts-db 7 namespace: sock-shop 8 spec: 9 replicas: 1 10 template: 11 metadata: 12 labels: 13 name: carts-db 14 spec: 15 containers: 16 - name: carts-db 17 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/mongo 18 ports: 19 - name: mongo 20 containerPort: 27017 21 securityContext: 22 capabilities: 23 drop: 24 - all 25 add: 26 - CHOWN 27 - SETGID 28 - SETUID 29 readOnlyRootFilesystem: true 30 volumeMounts: 31 - mountPath: /tmp 32 name: tmp-volume 33 volumes: 34 - name: tmp-volume 35 emptyDir: 36 medium: Memory 37 nodeSelector: 38 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 39 --- 40 apiVersion: v1 41 kind: Service 42 metadata: 43 name: carts-db 44 labels: 45 name: carts-db 46 namespace: sock-shop 47 spec: 48 ports: 49 # the port that this service should serve on 50 - port: 27017 51 targetPort: 27017 52 selector: 53 name: carts-db 54 --- 55 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 56 kind: Deployment 57 metadata: 58 name: carts 59 labels: 60 name: carts 61 namespace: sock-shop 62 spec: 63 replicas: 1 64 template: 65 metadata: 66 labels: 67 name: carts 68 spec: 69 containers: 70 - name: carts 71 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/carts:0.4.8 72 ports: 73 - containerPort: 80 74 env: 75 - name: ZIPKIN 76 value: zipkin.jaeger.svc.cluster.local 77 - name: JAVA_OPTS 78 value: -Xms64m -Xmx128m -XX:PermSize=32m -XX:MaxPermSize=64m -XX:+UseG1GC -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/urandom 79 securityContext: 80 runAsNonRoot: true 81 runAsUser: 10001 82 capabilities: 83 drop: 84 - all 85 add: 86 - NET_BIND_SERVICE 87 readOnlyRootFilesystem: true 88 volumeMounts: 89 - mountPath: /tmp 90 name: tmp-volume 91 volumes: 92 - name: tmp-volume 93 emptyDir: 94 medium: Memory 95 nodeSelector: 96 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 97 --- 98 apiVersion: v1 99 kind: Service 100 metadata: 101 name: carts 102 labels: 103 name: carts 104 namespace: sock-shop 105 spec: 106 ports: 107 # the port that this service should serve on 108 - port: 80 109 targetPort: 80 110 selector: 111 name: carts 112 --- 113 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 114 kind: Deployment 115 metadata: 116 name: catalogue-db 117 labels: 118 name: catalogue-db 119 namespace: sock-shop 120 spec: 121 replicas: 1 122 template: 123 metadata: 124 labels: 125 name: catalogue-db 126 spec: 127 containers: 128 - name: catalogue-db 129 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/catalogue-db:0.3.0 130 env: 131 - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 132 value: fake_password 133 - name: MYSQL_DATABASE 134 value: socksdb 135 ports: 136 - name: mysql 137 containerPort: 3306 138 nodeSelector: 139 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 140 --- 141 apiVersion: v1 142 kind: Service 143 metadata: 144 name: catalogue-db 145 labels: 146 name: catalogue-db 147 namespace: sock-shop 148 spec: 149 ports: 150 # the port that this service should serve on 151 - port: 3306 152 targetPort: 3306 153 selector: 154 name: catalogue-db 155 --- 156 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 157 kind: Deployment 158 metadata: 159 name: catalogue 160 labels: 161 name: catalogue 162 namespace: sock-shop 163 spec: 164 replicas: 1 165 template: 166 metadata: 167 labels: 168 name: catalogue 169 spec: 170 containers: 171 - name: catalogue 172 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/catalogue:0.3.5 173 ports: 174 - containerPort: 80 175 securityContext: 176 runAsNonRoot: true 177 runAsUser: 10001 178 capabilities: 179 drop: 180 - all 181 add: 182 - NET_BIND_SERVICE 183 readOnlyRootFilesystem: true 184 nodeSelector: 185 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 186 --- 187 apiVersion: v1 188 kind: Service 189 metadata: 190 name: catalogue 191 labels: 192 name: catalogue 193 namespace: sock-shop 194 spec: 195 ports: 196 # the port that this service should serve on 197 - port: 80 198 targetPort: 80 199 selector: 200 name: catalogue 201 --- 202 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 203 kind: Deployment 204 metadata: 205 name: front-end 206 namespace: sock-shop 207 spec: 208 replicas: 1 209 template: 210 metadata: 211 labels: 212 name: front-end 213 spec: 214 containers: 215 - name: front-end 216 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/front-end:0.3.12 217 resources: 218 requests: 219 cpu: 100m 220 memory: 100Mi 221 ports: 222 - containerPort: 8079 223 securityContext: 224 runAsNonRoot: true 225 runAsUser: 10001 226 capabilities: 227 drop: 228 - all 229 readOnlyRootFilesystem: true 230 nodeSelector: 231 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 232 --- 233 apiVersion: v1 234 kind: Service 235 metadata: 236 name: front-end 237 labels: 238 name: front-end 239 namespace: sock-shop 240 spec: 241 type: NodePort 242 ports: 243 - port: 80 244 targetPort: 8079 245 nodePort: 30001 246 selector: 247 name: front-end 248 --- 249 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 250 kind: Deployment 251 metadata: 252 name: orders-db 253 labels: 254 name: orders-db 255 namespace: sock-shop 256 spec: 257 replicas: 1 258 template: 259 metadata: 260 labels: 261 name: orders-db 262 spec: 263 containers: 264 - name: orders-db 265 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/mongo 266 ports: 267 - name: mongo 268 containerPort: 27017 269 securityContext: 270 capabilities: 271 drop: 272 - all 273 add: 274 - CHOWN 275 - SETGID 276 - SETUID 277 readOnlyRootFilesystem: true 278 volumeMounts: 279 - mountPath: /tmp 280 name: tmp-volume 281 volumes: 282 - name: tmp-volume 283 emptyDir: 284 medium: Memory 285 nodeSelector: 286 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 287 --- 288 apiVersion: v1 289 kind: Service 290 metadata: 291 name: orders-db 292 labels: 293 name: orders-db 294 namespace: sock-shop 295 spec: 296 ports: 297 # the port that this service should serve on 298 - port: 27017 299 targetPort: 27017 300 selector: 301 name: orders-db 302 --- 303 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 304 kind: Deployment 305 metadata: 306 name: orders 307 labels: 308 name: orders 309 namespace: sock-shop 310 spec: 311 replicas: 1 312 template: 313 metadata: 314 labels: 315 name: orders 316 spec: 317 containers: 318 - name: orders 319 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/orders:0.4.7 320 env: 321 - name: ZIPKIN 322 value: zipkin.jaeger.svc.cluster.local 323 - name: JAVA_OPTS 324 value: -Xms64m -Xmx128m -XX:PermSize=32m -XX:MaxPermSize=64m -XX:+UseG1GC -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/urandom 325 ports: 326 - containerPort: 80 327 securityContext: 328 runAsNonRoot: true 329 runAsUser: 10001 330 capabilities: 331 drop: 332 - all 333 add: 334 - NET_BIND_SERVICE 335 readOnlyRootFilesystem: true 336 volumeMounts: 337 - mountPath: /tmp 338 name: tmp-volume 339 volumes: 340 - name: tmp-volume 341 emptyDir: 342 medium: Memory 343 nodeSelector: 344 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 345 --- 346 apiVersion: v1 347 kind: Service 348 metadata: 349 name: orders 350 labels: 351 name: orders 352 namespace: sock-shop 353 spec: 354 ports: 355 # the port that this service should serve on 356 - port: 80 357 targetPort: 80 358 selector: 359 name: orders 360 --- 361 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 362 kind: Deployment 363 metadata: 364 name: payment 365 labels: 366 name: payment 367 namespace: sock-shop 368 spec: 369 replicas: 1 370 template: 371 metadata: 372 labels: 373 name: payment 374 spec: 375 containers: 376 - name: payment 377 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/payment:0.4.3 378 ports: 379 - containerPort: 80 380 securityContext: 381 runAsNonRoot: true 382 runAsUser: 10001 383 capabilities: 384 drop: 385 - all 386 add: 387 - NET_BIND_SERVICE 388 readOnlyRootFilesystem: true 389 nodeSelector: 390 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 391 --- 392 apiVersion: v1 393 kind: Service 394 metadata: 395 name: payment 396 labels: 397 name: payment 398 namespace: sock-shop 399 spec: 400 ports: 401 # the port that this service should serve on 402 - port: 80 403 targetPort: 80 404 selector: 405 name: payment 406 --- 407 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 408 kind: Deployment 409 metadata: 410 name: queue-master 411 labels: 412 name: queue-master 413 namespace: sock-shop 414 spec: 415 replicas: 1 416 template: 417 metadata: 418 labels: 419 name: queue-master 420 spec: 421 containers: 422 - name: queue-master 423 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/queue-master:0.3.1 424 ports: 425 - containerPort: 80 426 nodeSelector: 427 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 428 --- 429 apiVersion: v1 430 kind: Service 431 metadata: 432 name: queue-master 433 labels: 434 name: queue-master 435 annotations: 436 prometheus.io/path: "/prometheus" 437 namespace: sock-shop 438 spec: 439 ports: 440 # the port that this service should serve on 441 - port: 80 442 targetPort: 80 443 selector: 444 name: queue-master 445 --- 446 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 447 kind: Deployment 448 metadata: 449 name: rabbitmq 450 labels: 451 name: rabbitmq 452 namespace: sock-shop 453 spec: 454 replicas: 1 455 template: 456 metadata: 457 labels: 458 name: rabbitmq 459 spec: 460 containers: 461 - name: rabbitmq 462 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/rabbitmq:3.6.8 463 ports: 464 - containerPort: 5672 465 securityContext: 466 capabilities: 467 drop: 468 - all 469 add: 470 - CHOWN 471 - SETGID 472 - SETUID 473 - DAC_OVERRIDE 474 readOnlyRootFilesystem: true 475 nodeSelector: 476 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 477 --- 478 apiVersion: v1 479 kind: Service 480 metadata: 481 name: rabbitmq 482 labels: 483 name: rabbitmq 484 namespace: sock-shop 485 spec: 486 ports: 487 # the port that this service should serve on 488 - port: 5672 489 targetPort: 5672 490 selector: 491 name: rabbitmq 492 --- 493 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 494 kind: Deployment 495 metadata: 496 name: shipping 497 labels: 498 name: shipping 499 namespace: sock-shop 500 spec: 501 replicas: 1 502 template: 503 metadata: 504 labels: 505 name: shipping 506 spec: 507 containers: 508 - name: shipping 509 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/shipping:0.4.8 510 env: 511 - name: ZIPKIN 512 value: zipkin.jaeger.svc.cluster.local 513 - name: JAVA_OPTS 514 value: -Xms64m -Xmx128m -XX:PermSize=32m -XX:MaxPermSize=64m -XX:+UseG1GC -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/urandom 515 ports: 516 - containerPort: 80 517 securityContext: 518 runAsNonRoot: true 519 runAsUser: 10001 520 capabilities: 521 drop: 522 - all 523 add: 524 - NET_BIND_SERVICE 525 readOnlyRootFilesystem: true 526 volumeMounts: 527 - mountPath: /tmp 528 name: tmp-volume 529 volumes: 530 - name: tmp-volume 531 emptyDir: 532 medium: Memory 533 nodeSelector: 534 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 535 --- 536 apiVersion: v1 537 kind: Service 538 metadata: 539 name: shipping 540 labels: 541 name: shipping 542 namespace: sock-shop 543 spec: 544 ports: 545 # the port that this service should serve on 546 - port: 80 547 targetPort: 80 548 selector: 549 name: shipping 550 --- 551 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 552 kind: Deployment 553 metadata: 554 name: user-db 555 labels: 556 name: user-db 557 namespace: sock-shop 558 spec: 559 replicas: 1 560 template: 561 metadata: 562 labels: 563 name: user-db 564 spec: 565 containers: 566 - name: user-db 567 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/user-db:0.4.0 568 ports: 569 - name: mongo 570 containerPort: 27017 571 securityContext: 572 capabilities: 573 drop: 574 - all 575 add: 576 - CHOWN 577 - SETGID 578 - SETUID 579 readOnlyRootFilesystem: true 580 volumeMounts: 581 - mountPath: /tmp 582 name: tmp-volume 583 volumes: 584 - name: tmp-volume 585 emptyDir: 586 medium: Memory 587 nodeSelector: 588 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 589 --- 590 apiVersion: v1 591 kind: Service 592 metadata: 593 name: user-db 594 labels: 595 name: user-db 596 namespace: sock-shop 597 spec: 598 ports: 599 # the port that this service should serve on 600 - port: 27017 601 targetPort: 27017 602 selector: 603 name: user-db 604 --- 605 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 606 kind: Deployment 607 metadata: 608 name: user 609 labels: 610 name: user 611 namespace: sock-shop 612 spec: 613 replicas: 1 614 template: 615 metadata: 616 labels: 617 name: user 618 spec: 619 containers: 620 - name: user 621 image: reg.yunwei.edu/sock-shop/user:0.4.7 622 ports: 623 - containerPort: 80 624 env: 625 - name: MONGO_HOST 626 value: user-db:27017 627 securityContext: 628 runAsNonRoot: true 629 runAsUser: 10001 630 capabilities: 631 drop: 632 - all 633 add: 634 - NET_BIND_SERVICE 635 readOnlyRootFilesystem: true 636 nodeSelector: 637 beta.kubernetes.io/os: linux 638 --- 639 apiVersion: v1 640 kind: Service 641 metadata: 642 name: user 643 labels: 644 name: user 645 namespace: sock-shop 646 spec: 647 ports: 648 # the port that this service should serve on 649 - port: 80 650 targetPort: 80 651 selector: 652 name: user
[root@ren7 sock-shop]# kubectl create namespace sock-shop #创建指定的命名空间 namespace/sock-shop created [root@ren7 sock-shop]# kubectl get ns NAME STATUS AGE default Active 7d19h kube-node-lease Active 7d19h kube-public Active 7d19h kube-system Active 7d19h sock-shop Active 2s [root@ren7 sock-shop]# kubectl apply -f complete-demo.yaml #执行编排文件
查看前端service的访问端口:
[root@ren7 sock-shop]# kubectl get service -n sock-shop NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE carts ClusterIP 10.68.203.204 <none> 80/TCP 2m3s carts-db ClusterIP 10.68.87.50 <none> 27017/TCP 2m3s catalogue ClusterIP 10.68.9.9 <none> 80/TCP 2m2s catalogue-db ClusterIP 10.68.23.220 <none> 3306/TCP 2m2s front-end NodePort 10.68.19.124 <none> 80:30001/TCP 2m1s orders ClusterIP 10.68.207.186 <none> 80/TCP 2m orders-db ClusterIP 10.68.41.203 <none> 27017/TCP 2m payment ClusterIP 10.68.217.133 <none> 80/TCP 119s queue-master ClusterIP 10.68.34.156 <none> 80/TCP 118s rabbitmq ClusterIP 10.68.207.90 <none> 5672/TCP 115s shipping ClusterIP 10.68.12.207 <none> 80/TCP 113s user ClusterIP 10.68.13.106 <none> 80/TCP 110s user-db ClusterIP 10.68.219.95 <none> 27017/TCP 112s
三、登录浏览器验证
浏览器中输入集群中任意节点的ip+NodePort端口