【WPF】自定义按钮样式(添加依赖属性、圆角)
参考
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV13D4y1u7XX/?p=21
代码示例
1、自定义CustomButton按钮继承Button
namespace WpfStudy.Buttons
{
public class CustomButton : Button
{
public CornerRadius CornerRadius
{
get { return (CornerRadius)GetValue(CornerRadiusProperty); }
set { SetValue(CornerRadiusProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty CornerRadiusProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("CornerRadius", typeof(CornerRadius), typeof(CustomButton));
public Brush BackgroundOfMouseHover
{
get { return (Brush)GetValue(BackgroundOfMouseHoverProperty); }
set { SetValue(BackgroundOfMouseHoverProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty BackgroundOfMouseHoverProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("BackgroundOfMouseHover", typeof(Brush), typeof(CustomButton));
}
}
2、创建资源字典
<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:btns="clr-namespace:WpfStudy.Buttons"
>
<Style TargetType="{x:Type btns:CustomButton}">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type btns:CustomButton}">
<Border x:Name="border" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"
CornerRadius="{TemplateBinding CornerRadius}"
VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalAlignment}"
HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalAlignment}"
Width="{TemplateBinding Width}"
Height="{TemplateBinding Height}"
>
<TextBlock Text="{TemplateBinding Content}"
HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}"
VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}"
TextAlignment="Center"
x:Name="textBlock"
/>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
<Setter TargetName="border" Property="Background" Value="{Binding BackgroundOfMouseHover,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"/>
<Setter TargetName="textBlock" Property="Foreground" Value="Black"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="True">
<Setter TargetName="border" Property="Background" Value="Red"/>
<Setter TargetName="textBlock" Property="Foreground" Value="#fff"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</ResourceDictionary>
3、App.xaml中在全局引入资源字典
<Application x:Class="WpfStudy.App"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfStudy"
StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">
<Application.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary>
<ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
<ResourceDictionary Source="/Style/CustomButtonStyle.xaml"/>
</ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
</ResourceDictionary>
</Application.Resources>
</Application>
4、使用自定义按钮
<Window x:Class="WpfStudy.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfStudy"
xmlns:btns="clr-namespace:WpfStudy.Buttons"
mc:Ignorable="d"
WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen"
Title="MainWindow" d:DesignHeight="119.5" d:DesignWidth="248.5">
<Grid>
<btns:CustomButton Content="打开"
Background="Green"
Foreground="#fff"
HorizontalAlignment="Center"
VerticalAlignment="Center"
VerticalContentAlignment="Center"
HorizontalContentAlignment="Center"
Width="100"
Height="60"
CornerRadius="20"
BackgroundOfMouseHover="LightBlue"
/>
</Grid>
</Window>
思考
复杂、需要注意的地方:
-
依赖属性的命名格式、参数格式,可以使用
propdp
快捷键。 -
理解资源字典中的标签
- 哪个标签嵌套哪个标签,分别是在哪一层使用哪个标签。
- 绑定Button已有依赖属性时使用TemplateBinding,TemplateBinding的含义和用法。
- 绑定CustomButton自定义依赖属性时使用Binding,注意Binding后面的格式,例如:
<Setter TargetName="border" Property="Background"
Value="{Binding BackgroundOfMouseHover,RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"/>
- 当触发器的Setter中不明确指定哪个组件的属性时,先为组件增加一个x:Name,再用TargetName指定组件的名字。
- 对齐属性的含义
注意区分:
HorizontalAlignment
VerticalAlignment
HorizontalContentAlignment
VerticalContentAlignment
感觉是这样的:
- HorizontalAlignment、VerticalAlignment用于描述组件自身位于上层组件的对齐情况。
想象有一个外壳(Border标签),描述该外壳相对上层的位置。
对于ControlTemplate也就只有一个Content,里面正好放一个大的外壳,用于描述该CustomButton。 - HorizontalContentAlignment、VerticalContentAlignment用于描述组件内部的对齐情况。
外壳内部内容相对于外壳的位置。