mysql5.6.13通用二进制格式安装并使用amoeba实现对mysql5.6数据库读写分离

proxy 192.168.8.39

master 192.168.8.40
slave 192.168.8.20

一、安装mysql-5.6.13服务器

安装包：
mysql-5.6.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

添加mysql数据库用户

# groupadd -r mysql
# useradd -g mysql -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql

# tar xf mysql-5.6.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
# cd /usr/local
# ln -sv mysql-5.6.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
# cd mysql
改变mysql安装文件的数组和属主
# chown -R root.mysql ./*

创建数据库和二进制文件目录并赋权

# mkdir /data/mydata -pv
# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mydata

主服务器
# mkdir /data/binlogs
# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/binlogs

从服务器
# mkdir /data/relaylogs
# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/relaylogs

执行安装

# scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mydata --user=mysql

将服务脚本拷贝到启动项
# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
# chkconfig --add mysqld
验证
# chkconfig --list mysqld

将mysql5.5的配置文件拷贝到该主机中

scp /etc/my.cnf 192.168.8.40:/etc/

编辑my.cnf文件
# vim /etc/my.cnf

加入
innodb_file_per_table = ON
datadir = /data/mydata
log-bin=/data/binlogs/master-bin
binlog_format=row
server-id = 200

将mysql命令加入到环境变量中
# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

修改主机名

192.168.8.40 master.oadb.com master
192.168.8.20 slave.oadb.com slave

# hostname master.oadb.com
# scp /etc/hosts 192.168.8.20:/etc/

二、简单主从模式配置步骤(必须要mysql5.6)

1、配置主从节点的服务配置文件

1.1、配置master节点：
[mysqld]
binlog-format=ROW
log-bin=master-bin
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=4
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=1
slave-sql-verify-checksum=1
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
server-id=100
report-port=3306
port=3306
log-bin=/data/binlogs/master-bin
datadir=/mydata/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
report-host=master.oadb.com

1.2、配置slave节点：
[mysqld]
binlog-format=ROW
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=4
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=1
slave-sql-verify-checksum=1
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
server-id=11
report-port=3306
port=3306
log-bin=/data/binlogs/master-bin
relay-log=/data/relaylogs/relay-bin
datadir=/data/mydata
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
report-host=slave.oadb.com

2、创建复制用户(主服务器执行)

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'repluser'@'192.168.%.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'replpass';

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

========================================================================================

示例说明：
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO repluser@172.16.100.7 IDENTIFIED BY 'replpass';

172.16.100.7是从节点服务器；如果想一次性授权更多的节点，可以自行根据需要修改；

3、为备节点提供初始数据集

锁定主表，备份主节点上的数据，将其还原至从节点；如果没有启用GTID，在备份时需要在master上使用show master status命令查看二进制日志文件名称及事件位置，以便后面启动slave节点时使用。

4、启动从节点的复制线程

如果启用了GTID功能，则使用如下命令：
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.8.40',MASTER_USER='repluser',MASTER_PASSWORD='replpass',MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;

mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G

报错：Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server ids; these ids must be different for replication to work (or the --replicate-same-server-id option must be used on slave but this does not always make sense; please check the manual before using it).

意思是说主服务器和从服务器的server-id重复

通过查看my.cnf文件发现 server-id 没有重复
在数据库上查看参数，确实有重复，重启主服务器，通过参数查看没有问题，再次show slave status正常
mysql> show global variables like '%server%';

没启用GTID，需要使用如下命令：
slave> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.16.100.6',
-> MASTER_USER='repluser',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='replpass',
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000003',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=1174;

5.验证：通过在主服务上创建库、表查看从服务器是否能够获取响应数据

三、安装amaoeba代理服务器

1.安装jdk1.6.0.31(软件包jdk-6u31-linux-x64-rpm.bin)

# cp jdk-6u31-linux-x64-rpm.bin /usr/local/
# cd /usr/local
# chmod +x jdk-6u31-linux-x64-rpm.bin
# ./jdk-6u31-linux-x64-rpm.bin

加入到环境变量

# vi /etc/profile.d/java.sh
加入
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/latest
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

验证jdk安装是否成功
# java -version

2.安装amoeba(软件包amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz)

# mkdir /usr/local/amoeba-mysql-2.2.0
# tar xf amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/amoeba-mysql-2.2.0
创建链接
# ln -sv amoeba-mysql-2.2.0 amoeba

主服务上添加专门的amoeba root用户
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.%.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root.pass';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

从服务器可以看到用户可以被读取到
mysql> show grants for 'root'@'192.168.%.%';
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for root@192.168.%.% |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.%.%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*79F802E6455F5621E94D5157B3A377363E660552' |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

添加到环境变量中
# vim /etc/profile.d/amoeba.sh

export AMOEBA_HOME=/usr/local/amoeba
export PATH=$AMOEBA_HOME/bin:$PATH

3.配置amoeba

amoeba.xml
监听端口
<property name="port">3306</property>
绑定地址
<property name="ipAddress">0.0.0.0</property>

<property name="authenticator">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator">

<property name="user">root</property>

<property name="password">amoebapass</property>

<property name="filter">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.IPAccessController">
<property name="ipFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/access_list.conf</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>

dbServers.xml
<property name="password">root.pass</property>

4.启动amoeba服务(192.168.8.39)

# amoeba start

通过代理服务器进行操作
# mysql -uroot -pamoebapass -h192.168.8.39

通过抓包观察
master服务器(8.40)
# tcpdump -i eth0 -s0 -nn -A tcp dst port 3306 and dst host master

slave服务器(8.20)
# tcpdump -i eth0 -s0 -nn -A tcp dst port 3306 and dst host slave