c#调windows API操作键鼠

　　前两天去面试一公司，流程的最后面我主管让我上机，原题说是自动打开浏览器去点某个页面，我说可以打开浏览器进程去xxxx...，然而他的本意并非如此。后来我总算听懂了，大意是做一个类似于“按键精灵”的功能，题目则改为移动鼠标去双击点开某个qq好友进入聊天对话框,允许上网查资料。

　　好在我查到了这篇https://www.2cto.com/kf/201410/343342.html

　　关键代码均来自源于此，稍微改了一下。

 

//1、windowsApi.cs

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace demo
{
    //结构体布局 本机位置
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct NativeRECT
    {
        public int left;
        public int top;
        public int right;
        public int bottom;
    }

    //将枚举作为位域处理
    [Flags]
    public enum MouseEventFlag : uint //设置鼠标动作的键值
    {
        Move = 0x0001,               //发生移动
        LeftDown = 0x0002,           //鼠标按下左键
        LeftUp = 0x0004,             //鼠标松开左键
        RightDown = 0x0008,          //鼠标按下右键
        RightUp = 0x0010,            //鼠标松开右键
        MiddleDown = 0x0020,         //鼠标按下中键
        MiddleUp = 0x0040,           //鼠标松开中键
        XDown = 0x0080,
        XUp = 0x0100,
        Wheel = 0x0800,              //鼠标轮被移动
        VirtualDesk = 0x4000,        //虚拟桌面
        Absolute = 0x8000
    }
    class WindowsAPI
    {
        //设置鼠标位置
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern bool SetCursorPos(int X, int Y);

        //设置鼠标按键和动作
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern void mouse_event(MouseEventFlag flags, int dx, int dy,
            uint data, UIntPtr extraInfo); //UIntPtr指针多句柄类型

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string strClass, string strWindow);

        //该函数获取一个窗口句柄,该窗口雷鸣和窗口名与给定字符串匹配 hwnParent=Null从桌面窗口查找
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter,
            string strClass, string strWindow);

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern bool GetWindowRect(HandleRef hwnd, out NativeRECT rect);
    }
}

 //2、业务逻辑

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace demo
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            NativeRECT rect;
            //获取主窗体句柄
            IntPtr ptrDeskTopbar = WindowsAPI.FindWindow("Shell_TrayWnd", null);
            if (ptrDeskTopbar == IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("No windows found!");
                return;
            }

            //获取子窗体
            IntPtr childPtr = WindowsAPI.FindWindowEx(ptrDeskTopbar, IntPtr.Zero, "TrayNotifyWnd", null);
            if (childPtr == IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("No child windows found!");
                return;
            }

            IntPtr ccPtr = WindowsAPI.FindWindowEx(childPtr, IntPtr.Zero, "SysPager", null);
            if (ccPtr == IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("No childschild windows found!");
                return;
            }

            //获取窗体大小
            WindowsAPI.GetWindowRect(new HandleRef(this, ccPtr), out rect);
            int X = rect.left+14;
            int Y =rect.top+15 ;

            WindowsAPI.SetCursorPos(X, Y);
            run_doubleClick();

            //获取qq页面的主页面句柄
            IntPtr qqPtr = WindowsAPI.FindWindow("TXGuiFoundation", "QQ");
            if (qqPtr == IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("No qq windows found!");
                return;
            }
            //获取窗体大小
            WindowsAPI.GetWindowRect(new HandleRef(this, qqPtr), out rect);
            X = rect.left + 67;
            Y = rect.top + 278;

            WindowsAPI.SetCursorPos(X, Y);
            run_Click();

            X = rect.left + 96;
            Y = rect.top + 317;

            WindowsAPI.SetCursorPos(X, Y);
            run_doubleClick();
        }


        /// <summary>
        ///  模拟单击
        /// </summary>
        void run_Click()
        {
            WindowsAPI.mouse_event(MouseEventFlag.LeftDown, 0, 0, 0, UIntPtr.Zero);
            WindowsAPI.mouse_event(MouseEventFlag.LeftUp, 0, 0, 0, UIntPtr.Zero);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 模拟双击
        /// </summary>
        void run_doubleClick()
        {
            WindowsAPI.mouse_event(MouseEventFlag.LeftDown, 0, 0, 0, UIntPtr.Zero);
            WindowsAPI.mouse_event(MouseEventFlag.LeftUp, 0, 0, 0, UIntPtr.Zero);
            WindowsAPI.mouse_event(MouseEventFlag.LeftDown, 0, 0, 0, UIntPtr.Zero);
            WindowsAPI.mouse_event(MouseEventFlag.LeftUp, 0, 0, 0, UIntPtr.Zero);
        }
    }
}

 

关键的API解释：

public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string strClass, string strWindow);

public static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter,string strClass, string strWindow);

FindWindow：根据窗体的类名和标题来获取窗体的句柄；

FindWindowEx:根据主窗口（可为空，为空时默认主窗口为桌面）句柄 和子窗口句柄（可为空），及类名和标题名（可为null）获取子窗口句柄。

其中类名和标题名可通过按键精灵来抓取，如下图：