[Java 实现AES加密解密]
今天同学请教我这个问题,被坑了次……
实现的功能是2个Java类:一个读取源文件生成加密文件,另一个类读取加密文件来解密。
整个过程其实很简单,java有AES的工具包,设好秘钥,设好输入内容,就得到加密结果和解密结果了。
然而百度搜AES加密,最先跳出的必须是这个博客 http://www.cnblogs.com/freeliver54/archive/2011/10/08/2202136.html
后来才发现下面的评论:
“kgen.init(128, new SecureRandom(password.getBytes()));
我可是被你坑惨了 啊!!!!
你用你的加密算法加密一段字符,一周以后,你再用你的解密方法,看看能否解密!!!!!!
等你回答!!!!!”
简单的说就是这货给原本约定秘钥A再利用时间种子随机成16位作为加密秘钥B(目的应该是为了避开16位的限制)…虽然约定秘钥都是A,WINS能跑是因为短时间得到秘钥B可能一样,但你长时间随机出来的加密秘钥B就肯定不一样了,这样AES解密就解不开了。。。
所以这个方法是错误的。。(而且里面的UTF-8也不对吧,遇到GBK的就跪了)
一种解决办法是,对把A随机成B的种子变成固定值,这样每次得到B就一样了。而且解决了16位限制的问题。
public static byte[] encrypt(String content, String password) { try { KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES"); SecureRandom random=SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");//加解密保持同个随机种子 random.setSeed(password.getBytes()); kgen.init(128, random); SecretKey secretKey = kgen.generateKey(); byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded(); SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, "AES"); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");// 创建密码器 cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);// 初始化 byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(content.getBytes()); return result; // 加密 } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InvalidKeyException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (BadPaddingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; }
看网上一个代码,写的比较精简,秘钥必须是16位的,如需要任意位,可以按上面说的加个伪随机,但不要像那位博主一样拿时间做种子了。
import javax.crypto.Cipher; import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec; import java.io.*; /** * This program generates a AES key, retrieves its raw bytes, and then * reinstantiates a AES key from the key bytes. The reinstantiated key is used * to initialize a AES cipher for encryption and decryption. */ public class AES { private static final String AES = "AES"; private static final String CRYPT_KEY = "YUUAtestYUUAtest"; /** * 加密 * * @param encryptStr * @return */ public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] src, String key) throws Exception { Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES); SecretKeySpec securekey = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), AES); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, securekey);//设置密钥和加密形式 return cipher.doFinal(src); } /** * 解密 * * @param decryptStr * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] src, String key) throws Exception { Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES); SecretKeySpec securekey = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), AES);//设置加密Key cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, securekey);//设置密钥和解密形式 return cipher.doFinal(src); } /** * 二行制转十六进制字符串 * * @param b * @return */ public static String byte2hex(byte[] b) { String hs = ""; String stmp = ""; for (int n = 0; n < b.length; n++) { stmp = (java.lang.Integer.toHexString(b[n] & 0XFF)); if (stmp.length() == 1) hs = hs + "0" + stmp; else hs = hs + stmp; } return hs.toUpperCase(); } public static byte[] hex2byte(byte[] b) { if ((b.length % 2) != 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("长度不是偶数"); byte[] b2 = new byte[b.length / 2]; for (int n = 0; n < b.length; n += 2) { String item = new String(b, n, 2); b2[n / 2] = (byte) Integer.parseInt(item, 16); } return b2; } /** * 解密 * * @param data * @return * @throws Exception */ public final static String decrypt(String data) { try { return new String(decrypt(hex2byte(data.getBytes()), CRYPT_KEY)); } catch (Exception e) { } return null; } /** * 加密 * * @param data * @return * @throws Exception */ public final static String encrypt(String data) { try { return byte2hex(encrypt(data.getBytes(), CRYPT_KEY)); } catch (Exception e) { } return null; } public static String fromFile(String dir){ String result =""; try{ FileReader fr = new FileReader(dir); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(fr); String s=br.readLine(); while(s!=null){ result += s; s=br.readLine(); } } catch(FileNotFoundException e){ e.printStackTrace(); }catch(IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } return result; } public static void toFile(String s,String dir){ try{ File f = new File(dir); FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(f); fw.write(s); //System.out.println(s); fw.close(); } catch(FileNotFoundException e){ e.printStackTrace(); }catch(IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void main(String[] args) { String ID = "test"; System.out.println("original string is:"+ID); String idEncrypt = encrypt(ID); System.out.println("encode result is:"+idEncrypt); String idDecrypt = decrypt(idEncrypt); System.out.println("decode result is:"+idDecrypt); /*以下同学的要求 String ID = fromFile("/Users/shen/Desktop/source.txt"); String idEncrypt = encrypt(ID); toFile(idEncrypt,"/Users/shen/Desktop/code.txt"); System.out.println(idEncrypt); String idDecrypt = decrypt(idEncrypt); toFile(new String(idDecrypt),"/Users/shen/Desktop/des.txt"); System.out.println(idDecrypt); */ } }
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