不要让Javascript的等价表格看上去那么难看

时不时的会有人贴出一张表格,用来展现javascript的 '==' 比较出来的结果。像最近的这个例子,看看这张表格有多么的无序。

  这些文章基本上都是对的,他们指出 '==' 设计的很糟糕。但是他们通过表格的组织顺序让的结果看上去更糟。比如,这是之前的一张表格。

  多么的乱呀!但是这种混乱是因为表格里值的顺序。

  通过恰当的分组,你会得到一个看上去更合理的表格:

  这个看上去好多了。现在你看到了一些更合格的东西,很好地表格出了引用相等和价值相等,你可以很好地了解地哪些东西是等价的,哪些传值操作是危险的。

  这张表反应出了'=='的缺陷,而不是掩盖图本身的缺陷。

  代码

  下面是我用来组织图表的代码。这个也可以在 js fiddle上面找到。

  html

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<canvas id="drawCanvas" width="500" height="500" />

  Javascript:

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var cmp = function(v1, v2) { return v1 == v2; };
var vals = [
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["false", function() { return false; }],&nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["0", function() { return 0; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ['""', function() { return ""; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["[[]]", function() { return [[]]; }],&nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["[]", function() { return []; }],&nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; ['"0"', function() { return "0"; }],&nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["[0]", function() { return [0]; }],&nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["[1]", function() { return [1]; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ['"1"', function() { return "1"; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["1",function() { return &nbsp;1; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["true", function() { return true; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["-1", function() { return -1; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ['"-1"', function() { return "-1"; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["null", function() { return null; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["undefined", function() { return undefined; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["Infinity", function() { return Infinity; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["-Infinity", function() { return -Infinity; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ['"false"', function() { return "false"; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ['"true"', function() { return "true"; }],
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["{}", function() { return {}; }],&nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; ["NaN", function() { return NaN; }]
];
var canvas = document.getElementById("drawCanvas");
var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
var n = vals.length;
var r = 20; // diameter of grid squares
var p = 60; // padding space for labels
// color grid cells
for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
&nbsp; &nbsp; var v1 = vals[i][1]();
&nbsp; &nbsp; for (var j = 0; j < n; j++) {
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; var v2 = vals[j][1]();
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; var eq = cmp(v1, v2);
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ctx.fillStyle = eq ? "orange" : "white";
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ctx.fillRect(p+i*r,p+j*r,r,r);
&nbsp; &nbsp; }
}
// draw labels
ctx.fillStyle = "black";
var f = 12;
ctx.font = f + "px Helvetica";
for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
&nbsp; &nbsp; var s = vals[i][0];
&nbsp; &nbsp; var w = ctx.measureText(s).width;
&nbsp; &nbsp; ctx.save();
&nbsp; &nbsp; ctx.translate(p+i*r+r/2-f*0.4,p-w-2);
&nbsp; &nbsp; ctx.rotate(3.14159/2);
&nbsp; &nbsp; ctx.fillText(s, 0, 0);
&nbsp; &nbsp; ctx.restore();
}
for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
&nbsp; &nbsp; var s = vals[i][0];
&nbsp; &nbsp; var w = ctx.measureText(s).width;
&nbsp; &nbsp; ctx.fillText(s, p-w-2, p+i*r+r/2+f*0.4);
}
// draw grid lines
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.strokeStyle = "black";
for (var i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
&nbsp; &nbsp; ctx.moveTo(p+r*i, p);
&nbsp; &nbsp; ctx.lineTo(p+r*i, p+r*n);
&nbsp; &nbsp; ctx.moveTo(p, p+r*i);
&nbsp; &nbsp; ctx.lineTo(p+r*n, p+r*i);
}
ctx.stroke();

  摘要

  JavaScript的 == 操作符是一种松散的比较,绝对有理由使用 === 来代替,但是它又不像上面的表格看起来的那么差.

  更新

  让 < 操作符看起来合理是比较难的, (js fiddle代码)

  JS less-than 的表格

  比较操作符的真值表格看起来像个三角形,当排列合适的顺序,就会像一个楼梯,

posted @ 2014-04-20 22:01  技术狂  阅读(509)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报