mysql中数据去重和优化

更改表user_info的主键uid为自增的id后,忘了设置原来主键uid属性为unique,结果导致产生uid重复的记录。为此需要清理后来插入的重复记录。

基本方法可以参考后面的附上的资料,但是由于mysql不支持同时对一个表进行操作,即子查询和要进行的操作不能是同一个表,因此需要通过零时表中转一下。

写在前面:数据量大时,一定要多涉及的关键字段创建索引!!!否则很慢很慢很慢,慢到想死的心都有了


1 单字段重复

 生成零时表,其中uid是需要去重的字段

create table tmp_uid as (select uid from user_info group by uid having count(uid))

create table tmp_id as (select min(id) from user_info group by uid having count(uid))

数据量大时一定要为uid创建索引

create index index_uid on tmp_uid

create index index_id on tmp_id

删除多余的重复记录,保留重复项中id最小的

delete from user_info
where id not in (select id from tmp_id)
and uid in (select uid from tmp_uid)

 

2.多字段重复

由uid的重复间接的导致了relationship中的记录重复,故继续去重。先介绍正常处理流程,在介绍本人根据自身数据特点实践的更加有效的方法!

2.1一般方法

基本的同上面:

生成零时表

create table tmp_relation as (select source,target from relationship group by source,target having count(*)>1)

create table tmp_relationship_id as (select min(id) as id from relationship group by source,target having count(*)>1)

 创建索引

create index index_id on tmp_relationship_id

删除

delete from relationship
where id not in (select id from tmp_relationship_id)
and (source,target) in (select source,target from relationship)

  

2.2 实践出真知

实践中发现上面的删除字段重复的方法,由于没有办法为多字段重建索引,导致数据量大时效率极低,低到无法忍受。最后,受不了等了半天没反应的状况,本人决定,另辟蹊径。

考虑到,估计同一记录的重复次数比较低。一般为2,或3,重复次数比较集中。所以可以尝试直接删除重复项中最大的,直到删除到不重复,这时其id自然也是当时重复的里边最小的。

大致流程如下:

1)选择每个重复项中id最大的一个记录

create table tmp_relation_id2 as (select max(id) from relationship group by source,target having count(*)>1)

 

2)创建索引(仅需在第一次时执行)

create index index_id on tmp_relation_id2 

 

3)删除 重复项中id最大的记录

delete from relationship where id in (select id from tmp_relation_id2)

 

4)删除临时表

drop table tmp_relation_id2

 

 

重复上述步骤1),2),3),4),直到创建的临时表中不存在记录就结束(对于重复次数的数据,比较高效)

 


参考:

   查询及删除重复记录的方法 http://wenku.baidu.com/view/d4b3f134b90d6c85ec3ac6ad.html

查询及删除重复记录的方法

(一) 1、查找表中多余的重复记录,重复记录是根据单个字段(peopleId)来判断 select * from people where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1)

2、删除表中多余的重复记录,重复记录是根据单个字段(peopleId)来判断,只留有rowid最小的记录 delete from people where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1) and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId )>1)

3、查找表中多余的重复记录(多个字段) select * from vitae a where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)

4、删除表中多余的重复记录(多个字段),只留有rowid最小的记录 delete from vitae a where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1) and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)>1)

posted on 2013-05-15 15:00  rainduck  阅读(17725)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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