Codeforces #530.div2

A

#include<bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int h,w,u1,d1,u2,d2,sum=0;
    cin>>w>>h>>u1>>d1>>u2>>d2;
    sum=w;
    while(h>0)
    {
        sum=sum+h;
        if(h==d1)sum=sum-u1;
        if(h==d2)sum=sum-u2;
        sum=max(sum,0);
        h--;
    }
    cout<<sum;
}

B

#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    long long n;
    cin>>n;
    n=sqrt((4*n)-3);
    n=n+1;
    cout<<n<<endl;
    return 0;
}

C

#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

#define long long ll
int main()
{
    string s;
    cin>>s;
    int l = s.length();
    int k;
    cin>>k;
    int count1 = 0;
    int count2 = 0;
    for(int i=0; i<l; i++)
    {
        if(s[i]=='?')
            count1++;
        else if(s[i] == '*')
            count2++;
    }
    int d = l-count1-count2;
    if(k<=d)
    {
        if(k<(d-(count1+count2)))
            cout<<"Impossible";
        else
        {
            int Count = 0;
            for(int i=0; i<l-1; i++)
            {
                if((s[i+1]=='?' || s[i+1]=='*') && Count<(d-k))
                {
                    Count++;
                    continue;
                }
                else if(s[i]=='?' || s[i] == '*')
                    continue;
                else
                    cout<<s[i];
            }
            if(s[l-1]!='?' && s[l-1]!='*')
                cout<<s[l-1];
        }
    }
    else
    {
        if(k>d && count2==0)
            cout<<"Impossible";
        else
        {
            int tmp;
            for(int i=0; i<l-1; i++)
            {
                if(s[i+1]=='*')
                {
                    tmp = i;
                    break;
                }
                else if(s[i]=='?' || s[i] == '*')
                    continue;
                else
                    cout<<s[i];
            }

            for(int i=0; i<(k-d+1); i++)
                cout<<s[tmp];
            for(int i=tmp+1; i<l; i++)
            {
                if(s[i]=='?' || s[i] == '*')
                    continue;
                else
                    cout<<s[i];
            }
        }

    }
    return 0;
}

D

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define LL long long

using namespace std;

const int inf = 1e9 + 10;

vector<int> v[100010];
int a[100010];
int s[100010];
int flag;

void dfs(int x,int pre,int sum)
{
    if(flag == 0)
        return;
    if(s[x]!= -1)
    {
        if(s[x]< sum)
        {
            flag = 0;
            return;
        }
        a[x]=s[x]-sum;
    }
    else
    {
        int minn = inf;
        for(int i=0;i<v[x].size();i++)
        {
            int xx = v[x][i];
            if(xx == pre)
                continue;
            if(s[xx] == -1)
                continue;
            minn = min(minn,s[xx]);
        }
        if(minn < sum)
        {
            flag = 0;
            return;
        }
        if(minn == inf)
            a[x] = 0;
        else
            a[x] = minn - sum;
    }
    for(int i=0;i<v[x].size();i++)
    {
        int xx = v[x][i];
        if(xx == pre)
            continue;
        dfs(xx,x,sum + a[x]);
    }

}
int main(void)
{
    int n,i,j;
    while(scanf("%d",&n)==1)
    {
        for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
            v[i].clear();
        for(i=2;i<=n;i++)
        {
            int p;
            scanf("%d",&p);
            v[p].push_back(i);
        }
        for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
            scanf("%d",&s[i]);
        flag = 1;
        dfs(1,-1,0);
        if(flag == 0)
            printf("-1\n");
        else
        {
            LL sum = 0;
            for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
                sum += a[i];
            cout << sum << endl;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}