dns和dhcp服务和mariadb服务


 

1:dhcp服务

就是自动的获取地址,即可

路由器分配ip地址,安装了dhcp服务器,

目的:客户端自动的获取ip地址

操作:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
#安装包名
[root@rhel9 /]# yum -y install dhcp-server
[root@rhel9 /]# systemctl status dhcpd
○ dhcpd.service - DHCPv4 Server Daemon
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service; disa>
     Active: inactive (dead)
       Docs: man:dhcpd(8)
             man:dhcpd.conf(5)
 
dhcp配置文件在这里
[root@rhel9 dhcp]# ls
dhclient.d  dhcpd6.conf  dhcpd.conf
[root@rhel9 dhcp]# pwd
/etc/dhcp
 
[root@rhel9 dhcp]# cat dhcpd.conf
#
# DHCP Server Configuration file.
#   see /usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example
#   see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
#
subnet 192.168.109.0 netmask 255.255.255.0
{
 range 192.168.109.77 192.168.109.89;  ##dhcp地址段就在里面
 option routers 192.168.109.2;  ##默认的路由
 option broadcast-address 192.168.109.255;  ##广播地址
 default-lease-time 7200;   ##默认的租期
 max-lease-time 24000;  #最大的租期
}

 

客户端就只需要网卡自启,开启dhcp服务即可,就能获得dhcp自动分配的地址了

  

dhcp固定地址:

就是设置某些主机是固定的

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
###思路就是先绑定mac地址即可
subnet  192.168.109.0   netmask 255.255.255.0
{
  range 192.168.109.25  192.168.109.200;
  option routers 192.168.109.2;
  option broadcast-address 192.168.109.255;
  default-lease-time 1000;
  max-lease-time 3000;
}
host 339
{
 hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:f8:f4:11;
 fixed-address  192.168.109.88;
}

 

客户端需要自动的获取地址  

2:dns服务

 正反解查询命令:host,nslookup,dig命令

1、host命令

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
#查询这个命令在哪里包
[root@rhel9 /]# host www.baidu.com
www.baidu.com is an alias for www.a.shifen.com.
www.a.shifen.com has address 183.2.172.185
www.a.shifen.com has address 183.2.172.42
www.a.shifen.com has IPv6 address 240e:ff:e020:966:0:ff:b042:f296
www.a.shifen.com has IPv6 address 240e:ff:e020:9ae:0:ff:b014:8e8b
[root@rhel9 /]# host -a www.baidu.com
Trying "www.baidu.com"
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 42023
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
 
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.baidu.com.         IN  ANY
 
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.baidu.com.      1173    IN  CNAME   www.a.shifen.com.
 
Received 58 bytes from 119.29.29.29#53 in 21 ms

2、nslookup命令

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
[root@rhel9 /]# nslookup www.baidu.com
Server:     119.29.29.29
Address:    119.29.29.29#53   #为119这个的53为端口
 
Non-authoritative answer:
www.baidu.com   canonical name = www.a.shifen.com.
Name:   www.a.shifen.com
Address: 180.101.50.188
Name:   www.a.shifen.com
Address: 180.101.50.242
Name:   www.a.shifen.com
Address: 240e:ff:e020:966:0:ff:b042:f296
Name:   www.a.shifen.com
Address: 240e:ff:e020:9ae:0:ff:b014:8e8b
 
#查看本机的dns服务ip地址
[root@rhel9 /]# nslookup server
Server:     119.29.29.29
Address:    119.29.29.29#53
 
** server can't find server: NXDOMAIN

3、dig命令

域名查询命令,  

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
[root@rhel9 /]# dig www.baidu.com
 
; <<>> DiG 9.16.23-RH <<>> www.baidu.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 4101  ##noerror本次检查没有问题
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
 
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
; COOKIE: 04d491e686ffa7f3 (echoed)
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.baidu.com.         IN  A
 
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.baidu.com.      1137    IN  CNAME   www.a.shifen.com.
www.a.shifen.com.   237 IN  A   180.101.50.242
www.a.shifen.com.   237 IN  A   180.101.50.188
 
;; Query time: 26 msec
;; SERVER: 119.29.29.29#53(119.29.29.29)
;; WHEN: Fri May 10 15:58:10 CST 2024
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 113

  

 

目的:将www.cs107.net这个域名解析为192.168.109.222这个地址

dns服务器操作:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
[root@rhel9 /]# yum -y install bind
 
#主配置文件修改
[root@rhel9 /]# vim /etc/named.conf
listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1;any; };
allow-query     { localhost;any; };
dnssec-validation no;
 
子配置文件的修改
[root@rhel9 /]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "cs107.net" IN{   ##解析这个域名
        type master;
        file "eee.zone";   ##zone的文件为
        allow-update { none; };
};
 
#zone的配置文件修改
直接复制模版文件
[root@rhel9 /]# cp /var/named/named.localhost  /var/named/eee.zone
[root@rhel9 /]# cat /var/named/eee.zone
$TTL 1D
@   IN SOA cs107.net.       rname.invalid. (      ###这个就是域名
                    0   ; serial
                    1D  ; refresh
                    1H  ; retry
                    1W  ; expire
                    3H )    ; minimum
@   NS  www.cs107.net.      ###要解析的
www A   192.168.109.222     ###www.cs107.net 解析为 这个ip地址
 
 
#检查格式
[root@rhel9 /]# named-checkconf  /etc/named.conf
[root@rhel9 /]# named-checkconf  /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
最后一个检查要进入里面去才行
[root@rhel9 named]# pwd
/var/named
[root@rhel9 named]# named-checkzone eee.zone eee.zone
zone eee.zone/IN: loaded serial 0
OK
 
#重启服务
[root@rhel9 named]# systemctl restart named

  

客户端的操作: 

1
2
3
4
#指定域名解析服务器
[root@client ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by NetworkManager
nameserver 192.168.109.10

 

注意的点就是zone文件的拥有人和组都是named用户才行,才能进行读取  

 

防火墙和selinux的放行

1
2
3
4
5
[root@rhel9 named]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=dns
success
[root@rhel9 named]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@rhel9 named]# setsebool  -P named_write_master_zones on

 

 3:数据库服务

1
2
3
4
5
yum -y install mariadb-server
systemctl restart mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb
mysql_secure_installation
mysql -uroot -predhat

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

posted @   q_7  阅读(49)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
相关博文:
阅读排行:
· 一个费力不讨好的项目,让我损失了近一半的绩效!
· 清华大学推出第四讲使用 DeepSeek + DeepResearch 让科研像聊天一样简单!
· 实操Deepseek接入个人知识库
· CSnakes vs Python.NET:高效嵌入与灵活互通的跨语言方案对比
· Plotly.NET 一个为 .NET 打造的强大开源交互式图表库
点击右上角即可分享
微信分享提示