mongo 语法 增删改查

1.增

db.collection.insert()与db.collection.save() 都是增加,区别:save()遇到相同_id后,则更新此_id数据。 而insert()则报错

> db.c1.find()
> db.c1.insert({_id:1, name:'use001'});
> db.c1.insert({_id:1, name:'use001'});
E11000 duplicate key error index: test.c1.$_id_  dup key: { : 1.0 }
> db.c1.save({_id:1, name:'user002'});
> db.c1.save({_id:1, name:'user003'});
> db.c1.find();
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "user003" }

2.查

db.collection.find()//不带条件  查询所有

db.collection.find({name:'user007'})//条件查找  某些个

> db.c1.insert({name:'user11', age:22, sex:'man'});
> db.c1.find({name:'user11'}, {name:1});//find 第二个条件参数
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e221897d2b412f74eefb68"), "name" : "user11" }
> db.c1.find({name:'user11'}, {name:1, _id:0});//_id都不要,0表示不获取,1表示要获取的
{ "name" : "user11" }
//条件表达式,$gt $gte $lt $lte $ne $mod取余 $in $nin $size数组元素个数  $exists:0,:1   $slice 正则匹配  魔术方法均在json内侧
> db.c1.find({age:{$gt:5}}, {_id:0});
{ "name" : "user6", "age" : 6 }
{ "name" : "user7", "age" : 7 }
{ "name" : "user8", "age" : 8 }
{ "name" : "user9", "age" : 9 }

> db.c1.find({name:/user1/i});//正则匹配 i 忽略大小写  符合perl规则
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e229047d2b412f74eefb73"), "name" : "user1" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e22b277d2b412f74eefb7c"), "name" : "user10" }

 

> db.c2.find({},{age:{$slice:2}});//$slice 在第二个参数框,做条件
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e2324c7d2b412f74eefb7d"), "age" : [ 1111, 2222 ] }

> for(i=1;i<10;i++){
... db.c1.insert({name:'user'+i});}
> db.c1.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e22008866f862cf4662252"), "name" : "user1" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e22008866f862cf4662253"), "name" : "user2" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e22008866f862cf4662254"), "name" : "user3" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e22008866f862cf4662255"), "name" : "user4" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e22008866f862cf4662256"), "name" : "user5" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e22008866f862cf4662257"), "name" : "user6" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e22008866f862cf4662258"), "name" : "user7" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e22008866f862cf4662259"), "name" : "user8" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e22008866f862cf466225a"), "name" : "user9" }
//MONGO 语法 完全JS引擎

db.collection.findOne()

.sort({age:-1})  //降序

.skip().limit()

.count()默认<=>count(0)    区别于  count(1)

//post 为 数组  []
> db.c1.insert({name:'user1', post:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]});
> db.c1.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e225f17d2b412f74eefb72"), "name" : "user1", "post" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] }
//$all 查找包含 [1,4,7,9] 元素的 post
> db.c1.find({post:{$all:[1,4,7,9]}});
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e225f17d2b412f74eefb72"), "name" : "user1", "post" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] }
//$or  $nor 2个特殊魔术方法,方法体在json最左侧 而非右侧
> db.c1.find({$or:[{name:'user1'}, {name:'user4'}]});
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e229047d2b412f74eefb73"), "name" : "user1" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e229047d2b412f74eefb76"), "name" : "user4" }

distinct 取唯一值:

> db.c1.distinct('name');
[
 "user1",
 "user2",
 "user3",
 "user4",
 "user5",
 "user6",
 "user7",
 "user8",
 "user9",
 "user10"
]

游标:mysql类似

> var x = db.c1.find()
> x.hasNext();
true
> x.next();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e229047d2b412f74eefb73"), "name" : "user1" }

 

 

3.删

db.collection.remove();//删除所有文档集

db.collection.remove({name:'user001'});//删除指定

 

4.改

db.collection.update( criteria, objNew, upsert, multi )

criteria : update的查询条件,类似sql update查询内where后面的
objNew   : update的对象和一些更新的操作符(如$,$inc...)等,也可以理解为sql update查询内set后面的
upsert   : 这个参数的意思是,如果不存在update的记录,是否插入objNew,true为插入,默认是false,不插入。     默认0
multi    : mongodb默认是false,只更新找到的第一条记录,如果这个参数为true,就把按条件查出来多条记录全部更新。  默认0

> db.c3.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e23998b84469c6b5ccfa5f"), "name" : "user1", "age" : 22 }
> db.c3.update({name:'user1'}, {$set:{name:'user22'}});//带$set参数
> db.c3.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e23998b84469c6b5ccfa5f"), "age" : 22, "name" : "user22" }
> db.c3.update({name:'user22'}, {name:'wowo'});//不带$set
> db.c3.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e23998b84469c6b5ccfa5f"), "name" : "wowo" }

一次性修改多条数据:

db.c3.update({name:'user1'}, {$set:{age:11, sex:'boy'}});

 

 

$inc 如果不存在score, inc自动创建此score

> db.c4.insert({name:'wwwwwwww'});
> db.c4.update({},{$inc:{score:10}}, 0, 1);  //0  1      //  1  1都可以
> db.c4.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e23da6b84469c6b5ccfa60"), "name" : "wwwwwwww", "score" : 10 }

$unset 删除某一个字段

> db.c1.update({}, {$unset:{name:1}}, 0, 1); //对集合c1  下所有文档   进行   删除name元素的  操作

$push针对数组操作-添加一个元素    $pop-删除一个(1,表示删除最后一个。 -1表示删除第一个)   $pushAll-添加一个或多个元素

> db.c5.update({}, {$push:{arr:[4,4,5]}});
> db.c5.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e2421ecf05e15d315aa746"), "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3, [ 4, 4, 5 ] ] }

$addToSet 数组操作 - 添加无重复的元素

//添加一个
> db.c5.update({arr:{$in:[1,2,3]}}, {$addToSet:{arr:5}});

//配额 $each 添加多个
> db.c5.update({arr:{$in:[1,2,3]}}, {$addToSet:{arr:{$each:[5,6,7,8]}}});

$pull 针对数组操作 - 删除指定值。  $pullAll - 删除多个指定值

> db.c5.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e2421ecf05e15d315aa746"), "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0 ] }
> db.c5.update({}, {$pull:{arr:4}});
> db.c5.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e2421ecf05e15d315aa746"), "arr" : [ 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0 ] }

$rename 更改属性名

> db.c5.update({}, {$rename:{'arr':'post'}}); //字符串所以,必须打上引号
> db.c5.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e2421ecf05e15d315aa746"), "post" : [ 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0 ] }

$ 匹配前面  小json. 而并不是匹配整个json大数组

> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e27de5cf05e15d315aa748"), "name" : "usr1", "arr" : [  {  "title" : "linux" },  {  "title" : "apache" },  {  "content" : "i like it much" } ] }
> db.c1.update({'arr.title':'linux'}, {$set:{'arr.$.cnt':'hahaha'}});//这里arr.title,arr....必须添加上引号  否则报错
> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e27de5cf05e15d315aa748"), "arr" : [  {  "cnt" : "hahaha", "title" : "linux" },  {  "title" : "apache" },  {  "content" : "i like it much" } ], "name" : "usr1" }
//find 游标。   //findOne 完完全全赋值出去  搭配save属性区别
> db.c1.insert({name:'user11', age:20});
> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e280cfcf05e15d315aa749"), "name" : "user11", "age" : 20 }
> var x = db.c1.findOne({name:'user11'});//不像find游标, 无法控制
> x
{
 "_id" : ObjectId("51e280cfcf05e15d315aa749"),
 "name" : "user11",
 "age" : 20
}
> x.sex = 'man'
man
> x.phone = '13889098909'
13889098909
> db.c1.save(x);
> db.c1.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("51e280cfcf05e15d315aa749"), "name" : "user11", "age" : 20, "sex" : "man", "phone" : "13889098909" }

 

 

posted @ 2013-07-14 18:49  群叔  阅读(718)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报