selenium 常用api

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'''
驱动对象<br>　　 http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/ 
    browser = webdriver.Chrome()
    browser = webdriver.Firefox()
    browser = webdriver.Edge()
    browser = webdriver.PhantomJS()
    browser = webdriver.Safari()
                            ....等
访问页面
    browser = webdriver.Chrome()
    browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
    print(browser.page_source)  打印源码
    browser.close()    关闭游览器
查找元素
    单个元素
        from selenium import webdriver
        browser = webdriver.Chrome()
        browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
        # 4 种方式等价
        input_by_id = browser.find_element(By.ID,'q') 查找id 为q  By.ID,By.CSS_SELECTOR
        input_first = browser.find_element_by_id('q') 查找id 为q
        input_second = browser.find_element_by_css_selector('#q')  jq的方法查找id="q"
        input_third = browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="q"]')
        print(input_first, input_second, input_third)
        browser.close()
    查找多个元素
        from selenium import webdriver
        browser = webdriver.Chrome()
        browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
        # 第一
        lis = browser.find_elements_by_css_selector('.service-bd li')  # 选择service-bd 下的 li元素
        # 2
        lis = browser.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR,'.service-bd li')  # 等价的
        print(lis)
        browser.close()
    ...
        find_elements_by_name
        find_elements_by_xpath
        find_elements_by_tag_name
        find_elements_by_class_name
        find_elements_by_css_selector
    元素交互操作
        from selenium import webdriver
        import time
        browser = webdriver.Chrome()
        browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
        input = browser.find_element_by_id('q')
        input.send_keys('iPhone')
        time.sleep(1)
        input.clear()
        input.send_keys('iPad')
        button = browser.find_element_by_class_name('btn-search')
        button.click()
    执行javascript
        from selenium import webdriver
        browser = webdriver.Chrome()
        browser.get('https://zhihu.com/explore')
        browser.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight)')
        browser.execute_script('alert('To Botton')')
    获取属性
        logo = browser.find_element_by_id('zh-top')
        print(logo)
        print(logo.get_attribute('class'))  # 打印class属性
    获取文本值
        input = browser.find_element_by_class_name('zu-top')
        print(input.text)
    获取ID,位置,标签名,大小
        input.id
        input.location  # {y:'',x:''}
        input.tag_name  # button
        input.size      # {'height': 22,'width':11}
 
'''
#     元素交互操作
'''
from selenium import webdriver
import time
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get('https://taobao.com')
input = browser.find_element_by_id('q')
input.send_keys('iPhone')
time.sleep(1)
input.clear()
input.send_keys('iPad')
button = browser.find_element_by_class_name('btn-search')
button.click()
'''
#  执行javascript
'''
from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get('https://zhihu.com/explore')
# 滚到底部
browser.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight)')
# 弹框
browser.execute_script('alert("I love You")')
'''
# iFrame 切换使用(页面内的iframe)
'''
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
url = 'http://www.runoob.com/try/try.php?filename=jqueryui-api-droppable'
browser.get(url)
browser.switch_to.frame('iframeResult')  # 切换到这个iframe
source = browser.find_element_by_css_selector('#draggable')
print(source)
try:
    # 在网页的iframe中不能 查找当前iframe之外的元素,需要切换
    logo = browser.find_element_by_class_name('logo')
# except:
except NoSuchElementException as e:
    print('No Logo')
# 切换iframe (切换到父iframe)
browser.switch_to.parent_frame()
logo = browser.find_element_by_class_name('logo')
print(logo)
print(logo.text)
'''
# 等待...
# 隐士等待
'''
from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.implicitly_wait(10)  # 当没有找到元素,会等10秒在进行查找,如果有就不会等
browser.get('https://www.zhihu.com/explore')
input = browser.find_element_by_class_name('zu-top-add-question')
print(input)
'''
# 显示等待
'''
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
 
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
wait = WebDriverWait(browser, 10)
input = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.btn-search')))
print(input)
'''
''' 显示等待的条件
http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/installation.html
title_is  标题是某内容
title_contains 标题包含某内容
presence_of_element_located((By.ID,'p')) 元素加载出,传入定位元组, (By.ID,'p')
visibility_of_element_located  元素可见,传入定位元组
visibility_of 可见,传入元素对象
presence_of_all_elements_located  所有元素加载出
text_to_be_present_in_element   某个元素文本包含某个字
text_to_be_present_in_element_value 某个元素值包含某个字
frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it  ifram加载并切换
invisibility_of_element_located  元素不可见
element_to_be_clickable 元素可点击
staleness_of  判断一个元素是否仍在DOM,可判断页面是否已经刷新
element_to_be_selected  元素可选择,传入定位元组
element_located_to_be_selected 元素可选择,传入定位元组
element_selection_state_to_be 传入元素对象以及状态, 相等返回True,否则返回False
element_located_selection_state_to_be 传入定位元组以及状态,相等返回True,否则返回False
alert_is_present 是否出现Alert
'''
# 游览器前进后退
'''
import time
from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get('https://www.baidu.com')
browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
browser.get('https://www.python.org')
browser.back()  # 后退
time.sleep(1)
browser.forward()  # 前进
browser.close()
'''
# cookie 获取和设置
'''
from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get('https://www.zhihu.com/explore')
# 获取
print(browser.get_cookies())
# 添加
browser.add_cookie({'name': 'name','domain':'www.zhihu.com','value':'germey'})
print(browser.get_cookies())
# 删除
browser.delete_all_cookies()
print(browser.get_cookies())
'''
# 选项卡(打开多个页面)
'''
import time
from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get('https://www.baidu.com')
browser.execute_script('window.open()')
print(browser.window_handles)  # 当前有几个游览器窗口
browser.switch_to_window(browser.window_handles[1])  # 切换第二个
browser.get('https://www.taobao.com')
time.sleep(1)
browser.switch_to_window(browser.window_handles[0])  # 切换第一个
browser.get('https://python.org')
'''
# 异常处理
'''
id不存在异常
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException, NoSuchElementException
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
    browser.get('https://www.baidu.com')
except TimeoutException:
    print('Time out')
try:
    browser.find_element_by_id('hello')
except NoSuchElementException:
    print("No Element")
finally:
    browser.close()
'''
from multiprocessing import Pool